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이승엽(Seungyeop Lee),임창균(Changkyun Lim),신광균(Kwangkyun Shin),김재기(Jaegi Kim) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
현재 철도차량에서 사용하는 열차제어시스템은TMS(Train Monitoring System)과 TCMS(Train Control and Monitoring System) 두 종류로 나눌 수 있고 그 기준은 여러 가지 제어 유무에 따라서 나눌 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 Hardwire로 구현된 제어를 대신해서Fly by wire로 구현한 TCMS의 활용사례와 특징 및 장단점에 대해서 서술하고 앞으로 나아가야 할 방향에 대해서 서술하고자 한다. TCMS(Train Control and Monitoring System) control the specification subsystem and record the fault record TCMS has the two kinds of TCMS, One is TCMS (Train Control and Monitoring System), and the other is TMS (Train Monitoring System) Criteria to separate the TMS and TCMS are a presence or absence of control. Fly by wire is TCMS. In this paper, advantages, application and example analysis of TCMS system that called fly by wire for rolling stock are described through the ongoing projects.
Woosang Sim,Jonghyun Kim,Seungyeop Lim,Byeonghee Won 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5
The number of hemiplegic patients has been increasing with the increase in the incidence of stroke, which is attributable to an elderly society and Westernization of diet. Hemiplegic patients have a serious problem of loss of balance ability due to muscle weakness, which negatively affects daily living. Thus, balance ability is an important criterion for assessing hemiplegic patients’ performance of activities of daily living. The conventional ankle-foot orthosis (AFO), which is made of plastic, has some problems such as discomfort and difficult usability, decreased ankle range of motion, and exclusion of sensory input. Therefore, this study compared the balance abilities when wearing a new elastic band-type AFO (Aider [AD]) and a plastic AFO (UD-Flex), using the Balance System SD (Biodex Inc.) in 10 hemiplegic patients. In our study experiment, the postural stability test was administered to the 10 subjects (age: 55.7 ± 8.4 years, height: 167 ± 6.5 cm, weight: 67.8 ± 11.6 kg), which was based on the center of balance (COB) in the Balance SD System platform. Moreover, the subjects’ treatment statuses were classified as follows: Aider (AD) use, UD-Flex (UD) use, or no AFO (non-AFO). Analysis of experimental data was performed using three types of dependent variables, namely (1) the overall stability index, which was based on the movement path of the COB; (2) % time in zone; and (3) % time in quadrant. The results of this study indicate that the overall stability index was similar between the non-AFO group and AD or UD group. Moreover, the overall stability index significantly differed between the UD and AD groups. The results were non-AFO (3.58) > UD (2.64) > AD (2.56); thus, AD was indicated to be associated with the least fall risk, which means that AFO helps to improve balance ability and prevent falls in daily life. As indicated by the % time-in-zone and % time-in-quadrant results, most of the hemiplegic patients tended to use the affected side; thus, the body-weight support ability of the patients should be improved to maintain balance. Through this study, we confirmed that using the new elastic band-type AFO helps to improve the balance ability of hemiplegic patients.
( Jonghyun Kim ),( Woosang Sim ),( Seungyeop Lim ),( Byeonghee Won ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-
The hemiplegia was increased caused by increasing stroke and advanced medical. But to use the ankle foot orthosis(: AFO) for hemiplegic is uncomfortable and its usability is not good. Therefore in this study we analyzed low body joint angle of hemiplegic patients for functional effectiveness(regarding prevention of back knee and foot drop) evaluation of newly elastic band type AFO(new product: N.P.) on the gait. The nine hemiplegic patients (8 males, a female, 55.7±8.4 years, 165.8±9.2cm, 68.8±11.5kg, right hemiplegia: 5 people, left hemiplegia: 4 people and onset period: 6.6 years) were selected for participation in this experiment and it was capture gait motion using 12 cameras (MX-T20, Vicon, Inc.). Capturing gait motion was implemented by 3 conditions, they were not using AFO condition: wearless (Wl), using general existing AFO made by hard plastic material condition: existing product (E.P.) and using N.P. condition. The angle variation and maximum-minimum angle (: degree) of low body joint was analyzed in the dorsi-plantar flexion of ankle joint and flexion-extension of knee joint.
Jonghyun Kim,Woosang Sim,Seungyeop Lim,Byeonghee Won 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5
Hemiplegia due to stroke has increased. However, the use the ankle–foot orthoses (AFO) for hemiplegic patients is uncomfortable and their usability is not good. Therefore, in this study we analyzed the lower-body-joint angles of hemiplegic patients to determine the functional effectiveness of a new elastic-band-type AFO to prevent backward knee extension (back-knee) and foot drop (new product: NP) while walking. Nine hemiplegic patients (eight males, and one female, 55.7 ±8.4 years, 165.8 ±9.2 cm, 68.8 ±11.5 kg, right hemiplegia: five patients, left hemiplegia: four patients, and average onset period: 6.6 years) were selected for participation in this experiment to capture gait motion using 12 cameras (MX-T20, Vicon, Inc.). Capturing gait motion was implemented under three conditions: without an AFO (without product: Wl), with the existing product made of a hard plastic material (existing product: EP), and using the NP. The angle variation and maximum-minimum angle of lower-body joints were analyzed for the dorsi-plantar flexion of the ankle joint and flexion-extension of the knee joint. A one-way ANOVA test with Tukey’s-B post hoc multiple comparison was used to identify the existence or nonexistence of symptoms, and the statistically significant level for all statistical tests was set at p < 0.05. For ankle-joint angle, the degree of plantar flexion with NP decreased. The angle variation also decreased (p < 0.05). Therefore, the effectiveness in the prevention of foot drop of NP was validated, and effectiveness of NP for the prevention of back-knee was also confirmed. The result also showed that knee-joint-angle variation decreased (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the maximum degree of NP flexion was larger than the other products. Herein, the effectiveness of NP in the prevention of foot drop and back-knee were validated through the analysis of lower-body-joint angles in the gait of hemiplegic patients. In the next study, we will suggest some optimization guidelines for patients wearing this new elastic-band-type AFO.
( Woosang Sim ),( Jonghyun Kim ),( Seungyeop Lim ),( Byeonghee Won ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-
The hemiplegic patients were increased by increasing a stroke which is caused by an elderly society and diet of westernization bring. Hemiplegic patients have a serious problem about the loss of balance ability which is caused by a muscle weakness and it has a negative effect on the hemiplegic patients`daily living. Thus, the evaluation of balance ability is an important criterion to the hemiplegic patients`activities of daily living (: ADL). Existing (ankle foot orthosis (: AFO) which are made by plastic have some problems such as uncomfortable of wearing sensation and usability, decreasing of the ankle ROM(: range of motion) and the exclusion of sensory input. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate balance ability through wearing newly elastic band type AFO (: Aider(product name)) and existing product of plastic material hardly(: ud-Flex(product name) using Balance SD System (Biodex Inc.) from ten hemiplegic patients. In experiment of this study, the Postural Stability test was participated by ten subjects (year: 55.7±8.4, Height: 167±6.5, Weight: 67.8±11.6) which was based on Center of balance (COB) in the platform of Balance SD System.