Determining the Prevalence of Retinopathy and Its Related Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Kerman, Iran

Reza Valizadeh,Mahmood Moosazadeh,Kambiz Bahaadini,Leila Vali,Tahereh Lashkari,Mohammadreza Amiresmaili 질병관리본부 2016 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.7 No.5

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of retinopathy and its associated factors in diabetic patients referred to a diabetes center in an Iranian city. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study in which a researcher-made checklist was used to collect the data of patients with type 2 diabetes in 2015. The statistical population consisted of 11,770 health records of diabetic patients registered in a second-level diabetes center. Of the 11,770 health records, 206 records with the most complete data about patients with type 2 diabetes were selected through census method. Chi-square test and logistic regression through SPSS were used for data analysis. Results: In this study, 93/206 diabetic patients (45.1%) had retinopathy. Female sex, age over 60, lower education level, being housewife, family history of having diabetes, longer years of having the disease, and higher level of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were associated with higher risk of retinopathy. However, the association was statistically significant only for the HbA1c level (p ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: According to this study, HbA1c level is a predictor of diabetes complications. Therefore, it is necessary for health authorities to improve diabetes management through different strategies to prevent complications to control blood sugar effectively.

Development of NEG coating at ASTeC

Reza VALIZADEH,Oleg B. MALYSHEV,Adrian HANNAH 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

A Particle-swarm-based Approach for Optimum Design of BELBIC Controller in AVR System

Sima Valizadeh,Mohammad-Reza Jamali,Caro Lucas 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is applied to design an optimum intelligent controller based on brain emotional learning. BELBIC controller is tuned to improve the time domain parameters such as percent overshoot, steady state error, settling time and rise time of the step response of an Automatic Voltage Regulator. Also the convergence characteristic of fitness function averaged over the whole particles in each generation is investigated. PSO-BELBIC performance is compared with the classic PSO-PID controller.

Carbohydrate and lipid spectroscopic molecular structures of different alfalfa hay and their relationship with nutrient availability in ruminants

Yari, Mojtaba,Valizadeh, Reza,Nnaserian, Abbas Ali,Jonker, Arjan,Yu, Peiqiang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.11

Objective: This study was conducted to determine molecular structures related to carbohydrates and lipid in alfalfa hay cut at early bud, late bud and early flower and in the afternoon and next morning using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR) and to determine their relationship with alfalfa hay nutrient profile and availability in ruminants. Methods: Chemical composition analysis, carbohydrate fractionation, in situ ruminal degradability, and DVE/OEB model were used to measure nutrient profile and availability of alfalfa hay. Univariate analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis (CLA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were conducted to identify FT/IR spectra differences. Results: The FT/IR non-structural carbohydrate (NSCHO) to total carbohydrates and NSCHO to structural carbohydrate ratios decreased (p<0.05), while lignin to NSCHO and lipid CH3 symmetric to CH2 symmetric ratios increased with advancing maturity (p<0.05). The FT/IR spectra related to structural carbohydrates, lignin and lipids were distinguished for alfalfa hay at three maturities by PCA and CLA, while FT/IR molecular structures related to carbohydrates and lipids were similar between alfalfa hay cut in the morning and afternoon when analyzed by PCA and CLA analysis. Positive correlations were found for FT/IR NSCHO to total carbohydrate and NSCHO to structural carbohydrate ratios with non-fiber carbohydrate (by wet chemistry), ruminal fast and intermediately degradable carbohydrate fractions and total ruminal degradability of carbohydrates and predicted intestinal nutrient availability in dairy cows ($r{\geq}0.60$; p<0.05) whereas FT/IR lignin to NSCHO and CH3 to CH2 symmetric stretching ratio had negative correlation with predicted ruminal and intestinal nutrient availability of alfalfa hay in dairy cows ($r{\geq}-0.60$; p<0.05). Conclusion: FT/IR carbohydrate and lipid molecular structures in alfalfa hay changed with advancing maturity from early bud to early flower, but not during the day, and these molecular structures correlated with predicted nutrient supply of alfalfa hay in ruminants.

Advances in low SEY engineered surface for electron cloud eradication

Oleg B. MALYSHEV,Reza VALIZADEH,Sihui WANG,Taaj SIAN 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

A GIS-Based Assessment of Urban Tourism Potential with a Branding Approach Utilizing Hybrid Modeling

Majid Dadashpour Moghaddam,Hassan Ahmadzadeh,Reza Valizadeh 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.3

Urban tourism has developed into one of the most efficient and effective economic and recreational activities in the modern era since the late second half of the twentieth century. Although attention to urban tourism development is increasing, this paper indicates that no comprehensive study has yet combined the two subjects of tourism development and branding for spatial modeling. Thus, for assessing urban tourism potential (AUTP), a novel hybrid modeling approach combining K-mean, fuzzy logic, and an artificial neural network (ANN) was used. The findings indicate that in Tabriz metropolis, areas 3 and 7 and the southwestern portion of region 6 have the most significant potential for urban tourism. In contrast, areas 4, 8, and 10 located within the worn-out urban fabric have the least potential for tourism. Subsequently, by examining the correlation between urban tourism conditioning factors (UTCFs) and tourism maps, it was determined that factors including distance from the catering centers, distance from the fault, quality of construction materials, distance from the historical centers, distance from the health centers, maximum temperature, and distance from the parking are the most critical in terms of increasing urban tourism’s potential and branding. The analyses conducted in this study provide valuable and practical information for developing future strategies urban tourism. To this end, recommendations have been made to enhance tourism destination service delivery and management through branding.

Effects of phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep

( Mohsen Kazemi ),( Ameneh Eskandary Torbaghan ),( Abdoul Mansour Tahmasbi ),( Reza Valizadeh ),( Abbas Ali Naserian ) 한국동물자원과학회 2017 한국축산학회지 Vol.59 No.5

Background: Transfer of pesticides from environment to animal products is inevitable, so the purpose of the present work was to evaluate phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite (SB) on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep. Methods: Twenty Baluchi ewes were divided into four treatments (P1 as control, P2, P3, and P4) of five animals in which phosalone, an organophosphate pesticide, was given via diet (only for P2 and P3) at a dose of 280 mg/ sheep/day for 63 consecutive days. The SB (32 g/sheep/day; for P3 and P4) was also evaluated for its ability to reduce deleterious effects of phosalone in the sheep diets. The control group (P1) did not receive any phosalone and SB during the experiment. Sampling was conducted in two periods of time including weeks 5 and 9. Results: Phosalone residues were observed in the milk samples of P2 and P3 groups during two sampling periods. During period 1, the transfer rate of phosalone from feed to milk was 0.23 and 0.02%, respectively for the contaminated diets (P2 and P3), which is relatively similar to period 2 (0.22 and 0.02%). Only 0.34 (period 1) and 0. 36% (period 2) of phosalone residue are excreted in the feces of P2 group following its daily consumption. Transfer of phosalone from feed to milk was affected (P < 0.05) by the dietary inclusion of a commercial SB, as it (SB) decreased excretion of phosalone via milk (P3). The phosalone and SB alone or together had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the dry matter intake (DMI) and body weight (BW) gain, but feed efficiency, milk production, milk fat, dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), albumin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) affected by the treatments in period 1 or 2 (P < 0.05). The Hb, RBC, and MCHC were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by about 9.72, 20.77, and 9.71%, respectively in the group P2 as compared to those of the control group during period 1. The AChE inhibitory activity (period 1 and 2) significantly increased when phosalone administered via the diet (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Although there were no adverse effects on the performance of sheep following the intake of phosalone alone (P2 vs. P1), but other research on the long and short times to the phosalone in high and low doses with more animals is suggested. Overall, compared to the control group, addition of SB in the diet of sheep improved nutrient digestibility, animal performance, and milk health.

Effect of Supplementation of Fish and Canola Oil in the Diet on Milk Fatty Acid Composition in Early Lactating Holstein Cows

Vafa, Toktam S.,Naserian, Abbas A.,Moussavi, Ali R. Heravi,Valizadeh, Reza,Mesgaran, Mohsen Danesh Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.3

This study examined the effects of supplementation of fish oil and canola oil in the diet on milk yield, milk components and fatty acid composition of Holstein dairy cows in early lactation. Eight multiparous early lactation Holstein cows ($42{\pm}12$ DIM, $40{\pm}6kg$ daily milk yield) were fed a total mixed ration supplemented with either 0% oil (Control), 2% fish oil (FO), 1% canola oil +1% fish oil (FOCO), or 2% canola oil (CO) according to a double $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. Each period lasted 3 wk; experimental analyses were restricted to the last week of each period. Supplemental oils were added to a basal diet which was formulated according to NRC (2001) and consisted of 20% alfalfa, 20% corn silage and 60% concentrate. Milk yield was similar between diets (p>0.05), but dry matter intake (DMI) was lower (p<0.05) in cows fed FO diet compared to other diets. Milk fat percentage and daily yield decreased (p<0.01) with the supplementation of fish and canola oil. The daily yield and percentage of milk protein, lactose and solids-not-fat (SNF) were not affected by diets (p>0.05). The proportion (g/100 g fatty acids) of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) decreased and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased (p<0.05) in milk of all cows fed diets supplemented with oil. The proportions of 6:0, 8:0, 10:0 12:0 and 14:0 fatty acids in milk fat decreased (p<0.01) for all diets supplemented with oil, but the proportions of 14:1, 16:0 and 16:1 fatty acids were not affected by diets (p>0.05). The proportion of trans(t)-18:1 increased (p<0.01) in milk fat of cows fed FO and FOCO diets, but CO diet had the highest proportion of cis(c)-11 18:1 (p<0.01). The concentration of t-10, c-12 18:2, c-9 t-11 18:2, 18:3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6) increased (p<0.05) in FO and FOCO diets in comparison with the other two diets. These data indicate that including fish oil in combination with canola oil significantly modifies the fatty acid composition of milk.