http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Muhammad Waqas,Muhammad Tehseen Azhar,Iqrar Ahmad Rana,Farrukh Azeem,Muhammad Amjad Ali,Muhammad Amjad Nawaz,정규화,Rana Muhammad Atif 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.4
Background WRKY proteins play a vital role in the regulation of several imperative plant metabolic processes and pathways, especially under biotic and abiotic stresses. Although WRKY genes have been characterized in various major crop plants, their identification and characterization in pulse legumes is still in its infancy. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the most important pulse legume grown in arid and semi-arid tropics. Objective In silico identification and characterization of WRKY transcription factor-encoding genes in chickpea genome. Methods For this purpose, a systematic genome-wide analysis was carried out to identify the non-redundant WRKY transcription factors in the chickpea genome. Results We have computationally identified 70 WRKY-encoding non-redundant genes which were randomly distributed on all the chickpea chromosomes except chromosome 8. The evolutionary phylogenetic analysis classified the WRKY proteins into three major groups (I, II and III) and seven sub-groups (IN, IC, IIa, IIb, IIc, IId and IIe). The gene structure analysis revealed the presence of 2–7 introns among the family members. Along with the presence of absolutely conserved signatory WRKY domain, 19 different domains were also found to be conserved in a group-specific manner. Insights of gene duplication analysis revealed the predominant role of segmental duplications for the expansion of WRKY genes in chickpea. Purifying selection seems to be operated during the evolution and expansion of paralogous WRKY genes. The transcriptome data-based in silico expression analysis revealed the differential expression of CarWRKY genes in root and shoot tissues under salt, drought, and cold stress conditions. Moreover, some of these genes showed identical expression pattern under these stresses, revealing the possibility of involvement of these genes in conserved abiotic stress–response pathways. Conclusion This genome-wide computational analysis will serve as a base to accelerate the functional characterization of WRKY TFs especially under biotic and abiotic stresses.
Muhammad Waqas,Mohsin Qadeer,Faizuddin Faiz,Mohammad Ali Alvi,Muhammad Ehsan Bari 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.3
Study Design: A retrospective chart review. Purpose: In endemic resource poor countries like Pakistan, most patients are diagnosed and treated for Potts disease on clinical and radiological grounds without a routine biopsy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use and effect of computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy in the management of Potts disease since the technique is becoming increasingly available. Overview of Literature: CT-guided biopsy of spinal lesions is routinely performed. Literature on the utility of the technique in endemic resource poor countries is little. Methods: This study was conducted at the Neurosurgery section of Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi. All the patients with suspected Potts disease who underwent CT-guided biopsy during the 7 year period from 2007 to 2013 were included in this study. Details of the procedure, histopathology and microbiology were recorded. Results: One hundred and seventy-eight patients were treated for suspected Potts disease during the study period. CT-guided biopsies of the spinal lesions were performed in 91 patients (51.12%). Of the 91 procedures, 22 (24.2%) were inconclusive because of inadequate sample (10), normal tissue (6) or reactive tissue (6). Sixty-nine biopsies were positive (75.8%). Granulomatous inflammation was seen in 58 patients (84.05%), positive acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear in 4 (5.7%) and positive AFB culture in 12 patients (17.3%). All 91 cases in which CT-guided biopsy was performed responded positively to antituberculosis therapy (ATT). Conclusions: 75.8% of the specimens yielded positive diagnoses. Granulomatous inflammation on histopathology was the commonest diagnostic feature. In this series, the rates of positive AFB smear and culture were low compared to previous literature.
Evaluation of Humic Acid Application Methods for Yield and Yield Components of Mungbean
Waqas, Muhammad,Ahmad, Bashir,Arif, Muhammad,Munsif, Fazal,Latif Khan, Abdul,Amin, Muhammad,Kang, Sang-Mo,Kim, Yoon-Ha,Lee, In-Jung 'Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.' 2014 American journal of plant sciences Vol.5 No.15
( Muhammad Waqas ),( Huyen Trang Trinh ),( Sungeun Lee ),( Dae-hwan Kim ),( Sang Yeol Lee ),( Kevin K. Choe ),( Chongsuk Ryou ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.12
Based on previous studies reporting the anti-prion activity of poly-L-lysine and poly-Larginine, we investigated cationic poly-L-ornithine (PLO), poly-L-histidine (PLH), anionic poly-L-glutamic acid (PLE) and uncharged poly-L-threonine (PLT) in cultured cells chronically infected by prions to determine their anti-prion efficacy. While PLE and PLT did not alter the level of PrP<sup>Sc</sup>, PLO and PLH exhibited potent PrP<sup>Sc</sup> inhibition in ScN2a cells. These results suggest that the anti-prion activity of poly-basic amino acids is correlated with the cationicity of their functional groups. Comparison of anti-prion activity of PLO and PLH proposes that the anti-prion activity of poly-basic amino acids is associated with their acidic cellular compartments.
Muhammad M Alam,Muhammad Waqas,Hussain Shallwani,Gohar Javed 대한척추외과학회 2014 Asian Spine Journal Vol.8 No.4
Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Purpose: To describe the characteristics of lumbar vertebrae of Pakistani patients reporting at a tertiary care hospital and compare with studies from other populations. Overview of Literature: Several studies have been conducted to determine morphometry of lumbar vertebrae. Most of the studies involve Caucasian populations, still data on other populations still sparse. This is the first study describing lumbar morphometry of a Pakistani population. Methods: An observational study was conducted based on a review of thin-cut (3 mm) computed topographic images of lumbar vertebrae. Two-hundred and twenty vertebrae from forty-nine patients were studied, and various dimensions were analyzed. Results: Generally, the size of the vertebrae, vertebral canals and recesses were found to be greater in male patients. The difference was statistically significant for transverse and anteroposterior diameters of the vertebral bodies and sagittal diameter of pedicles on the left side (p <0.05). Comparison of populations revealed statistically significant differences in pedicle dimensions between Pakistani population and others. Conclusions: This study provides anatomical knowledge of the lumbar region in a sample population of Pakistan. There were significant differences in various dimensions of lumbar vertebrae between female and male patients. This would prove to be critical for performing a safe operation.
Waqas, Muhammad,Jeong, Woo-jin,Lee, Young-Joo,Kim, Dae-Hwan,Ryou, Chongsuk,Lim, Yong-beom AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017 Biomacromolecules Vol. No.
<P>The first step in the conventional approach to self-assembled biomaterials is to develop well-defined nano structures in vitro, which is followed by disruption of the preformed nanostructures at the inside of the cell to achieve bioactivity. Here, we propose an inverse strategy to develop in-cell gain-of-function self-assembled nanostructures. In this approach, the supramolecular building blocks exist in a unimolecular/unordered state in vitro or at the outside of the cell and assemble into well-defined nanostructures after cell internalization. We used block copolypeptides of an oligoarginine and a self-assembling peptide as building blocks and investigated correlations among the nanostructural state, antiprion bioactivity, and cytotoxicity. The optimal bioactivity (i.e., the highest antiprion activity and lowest cytotoxicity) was obtained when the building blocks existed In a unimolecular/unordered state in vitro and during the cell internalization process, exerting minimal cytotoxic damage to cell membranes, and were subsequently converted into high-charge-density vesicles in the low pH endosome/lysosomes in vivo, thus, resulting in the significantly enhanced antiprion activity. In particular, the in-cell self assembly concept presents a feasible approach to developing therapeutics against protein misfolding diseases. In general, the in cell self-assembly provides a novel inverse methodology to supramolecular bionanomaterials.</P>