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Yong-Hoon Yoon,Sangwon Han,Osung Kwon,Kyusup Lee,Ju Hyeon Kim,Junghoon Lee,Tae Oh Kim,Jae-Hyung Roh,Pil Hyung Lee,Soo-Jin Kang,Jae-Hwan Lee,Young-Hak Kim,Cheol Whan Lee,Dae Hyuk Moon,Seung-Whan Lee 대한심장학회 2022 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.52 No.2
Background and Objectives: Studies evaluating the nature of ischemic burden of chronic total occlusion (CTO) vessels are still lacking. Methods: A total of 165 patients with single vessel CTO >2.5 mm in an epicardial coronary artery who underwent single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were enrolled in the study. Ischemic burden was calculated with the use of semi-quantitative SPECT analysis, and was defined as the summed difference score (SDS) divided by the maximal limit of the score (=SDS/68). Results: The mean age of the participants was 59.5 years and the CTO of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), left circumplex coronary artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA) accounted for 93 (56.4%), 18 (10.9%), and 54 (32.7%) patients, respectively. The median ischemic burden of the total population was 8.8%, and it was highest in the LAD CTO (10.3%) compared with the LCX (5.9%) and RCA CTO (5.9%, p<0.001). High-ischemic burden (ischemic burden >10%) was observed in 66 patients (40.0%), and in 47 patients (50.5%) of the LAD CTO. Ischemic burden was different according to the CTO location only in LAD CTO. The statistically significant predictors for high-ischemic burden were hypertension, baseline ejection fraction >45%, LAD CTO, proximal CTO location, and de novo CTO. Japanese-CTO score and Rentrop scale collateral grade were not associated with high-ischemic burden. Conclusions: Only 40% of patients with single vessel CTO had ischemic burden >10%. For CTO vessels, measurement of ischemic burden using SPECT prior to revascularization may be helpful in identifying beneficial subjects.
Reply to “Comment on ‘An Alternative Presentation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics’”
Lee, Sangyoub,Lee, Kyusup,Lee, Jiyon American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical 2016 Journal of chemical education Vol.93 No.5
<P>This letter is to respond to 'Comment on 'An Alternative Presentation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics'', which discusses some shortcomings of our approach of teaching the second law of thermodynamics.</P>
An Alternative Presentation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
Lee, Sangyoub,Lee, Kyusup,Lee, Jiyon American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical 2015 Journal of chemical education Vol.92 No.4
<P>We present an elementary, but still quite rigorous derivation of the Clausius inequality, which sheds a new perspective on the second law. Unlike the classical approach, our derivation does not employ the Carnot cycle. The Clausius inequality follows in a straightforward way from the first law and thermodynamic stability conditions without invoking the Clausius or the Kelvin–Planck statement of the second law. The background knowledge required for this article is the same as that for the usual textbook presentation of the second law. The new presentation of the second law is, therefore, appropriate for an introductory thermodynamics course.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jceda8/2015/jceda8.2015.92.issue-4/ed5007822/production/images/medium/ed-2014-007822_0002.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ed5007822'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
테라헤르츠파 발생을 통한 반강자성체 내 초고속 스핀 전류 검출
이규섭(Kyusup Lee),김영훈(Younghoon Kim),이인서(Inseo Lee) 한국자기학회 2024 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.34 No.2
인접한 반평행 스핀 사이의 강력한 교환 상호작용에 의해 결정되는 반강자성의 스핀 동역학은 일반적으로 강자성체보다 1000배 빠른 THz 주파수대역이다. 이러한 동적 특성은 초고속 스위칭 장치에 적용될 수 있는 잠재적 토대를 마련하는데 의의가 있다. 스핀 전류의 시간 폭은 전체 스위칭 시간을 결정하는 중요한 요소이므로, 피코초 이하의 초고속 스위칭을 위한 THz 스핀 거동을 활용하기 위해서는 반강자성체 내 초고속 스핀 전류를 발생하고 능동적으로 조작하는 것이 필수적이다. 본 해설논문에서는 스핀트로닉 THz 발생법을 기반으로 반강자성체에서 THz 대역의 스핀 전류발생에 대한 최근 실험 결과들을 소개한다. 이 리뷰를 통해 반강자성체를 기반으로 한 초고직접도 초고속 자기 저항 메모리의 상용화에 보다 근접한 연구 결과를 제공하고, 반강자성 재료로만 구성된 차세대 스위칭 디바이스의 개발을 위한 초석을 마련하고자 한다. The spin dynamics of antiferromagnets operates at THz frequencies, primarily driven by the robust exchange interaction between neighboring antiparallel spins, being typically 1000 times faster than that of ferromagnets. This dynamic characteristic lays the groundwork for potential applications to ultrafast switching devices. To unlock the THz spin dynamics for the sub-picosecond switching, it becomes imperative to both generate and actively manipulate the antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin currents because the spin currents play a pivotal role in determining the overall switching time. This review, particularly based on THz emission spectroscopy, delves into recent experimental findings of the generation of AFM spin currents in THz frequencies. These experiments serve as a cornerstone for the advancement of next-generation switching devices constructed entirely from AFM materials.
( Eunhee Lee ),( Kayeong Yun ),( Sieun Han ),( Bosun Joo ),( Kyusup Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2018 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.104 No.-
Objective: The aim of this study was to suggest the most effective primary ovarian insufficiency(POI) model construction method by examining the effect of POI model on anticancer drugs. Methods: Female mice were treated with cyclophosphamide(Cy)+busulfan(Bu) mixture for 1 week to 4 weeks and Cisplatin alone for 3, 5, 10, and 14 days. The injection period to POI occurrence was observed and the period of normal recovery from POI was checked. Results: After two weeks of the Cy+Bu injection, the weight of ovary and uterus decreased sharply and the weight reductions also affect ovarian function. And ovarian function is not recovered for at least 2 weeks when POI is induced with Cy+BU for 2 weeks. After 10 days of Cisplatin injection, the weight of ovary and uterus decreased significantly and the weight reductions also affect ovarian function. After 10 to 2 weeks of treatment with cisplatin, the embryo development rate to blastocyst was 0%. Conclusion: As an ideal POI induction model, it is useful to treat Cy+Bu for 2 weeks or cisplatin for 10 days to 2 weeks.