Carbon Source Affects Synthesis, Structures, and Activities of Mycelial Polysaccharides from Medicinal Fungus Inonotus obliquus

( Huihui He ),( Yingying Li ),( Mingyue Fang ),( Tiantian Li ),( Yunxiang Liang ),( Yuxia Mei ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.6

The effects of various carbon sources on mycelial growth and polysaccharide synthesis of the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus in liquid fermentation were investigated. After 12-d fermentation, mycelial biomass, polysaccharide yield, and polysaccharide content were significantly higher in Glc+Lac group (glucose and lactose used as combined carbon source) than in other groups. Crude polysaccharides (CIOPs) and the derivative neutral polysaccharides (NIOPs) were obtained from mycelia fermented using Glc, fructose (Fru), Lac, or Glc+Lac as carbon source. Molecular weights of four NIOPs (termed as NIOPG, NIOPF, NIOPL, and NIOPGL) were respectively 780.90, 1105.00, 25.32, and 10.28 kDa. Monosaccharide composition analyses revealed that NIOPs were composed of Glc, Man, and Gal at different molar ratios. The NIOPs were classified as α-type heteropolysaccharides with 1→2, 1→3, 1→4, 1→6 linkages in differing proportions. In in vitro cell proliferation assays, viability of RAW264.7 macrophages was more strongly enhanced by NIOPL or NIOPGL than by NIOPG or NIOPF, and proliferation of HeLa or S180 tumor cells was more strongly inhibited by NIOPG or NIOPGL than by NIOPF or NIOPL, indicating that immune-enhancing and antitumor activities of NIOPs were substantially affected by carbon source. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that expression levels of phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) and UDP-Glc 4-epimerase (UGE), two key genes involved in polysaccharide synthesis, varied depending on carbon source. Our findings, taken together, clearly demonstrate that carbon source plays an essential role in determining structure and activities of I. obliquus polysaccharides by regulating expression of key genes in polysaccharide biosynthetic pathway.

Adaptive Importance Channel Selection for Perceptual Image Compression

( Yifan He ),( Feng Li ),( Huihui Bai ),( Yao Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.9

Recently, auto-encoder has emerged as the most popular method in convolutional neural network (CNN) based image compression and has achieved impressive performance. In the traditional auto-encoder based image compression model, the encoder simply sends the features of last layer to the decoder, which cannot allocate bits over different spatial regions in an efficient way. Besides, these methods do not fully exploit the contextual information under different receptive fields for better reconstruction performance. In this paper, to solve these issues, a novel auto-encoder model is designed for image compression, which can effectively transmit the hierarchical features of the encoder to the decoder. Specifically, we first propose an adaptive bit-allocation strategy, which can adaptively select an importance channel. Then, we conduct the multiply operation on the generated importance mask and the features of the last layer in our proposed encoder to achieve efficient bit allocation. Moreover, we present an additional novel perceptual loss function for more accurate image details. Extensive experiments demonstrated that the proposed model can achieve significant superiority compared with JPEG and JPEG2000 both in both subjective and objective quality. Besides, our model shows better performance than the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN)-based image compression methods in terms of PSNR.

Study of the Effect of Opacity on the Solar Coronal X-ray Mg XII 0.842 nm Spectral Lines

Xi-Ping Hao,Jian He,Huihui Liu 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.4

Using the intensity ratio of the solar coronal X-ray Mg XII 0.842 nm doublet observed by usingthe SPIRIT instrumentation, we discuss the optical depth at the line center of the Mg XII emissionlines. The optical depth at the line center of the (1/2 − 3/2) component that we calculated is 0.245. Using the measured abundance of magnesium and the results of ionization balance, we calculatethe variation of electron density with the measured distance to the corona and estimate the averageelectron density to be ne = 6.657 × 108 cm−3. Also we discuss the variation of the optical depth atthe line center with the coronal temperature. This study will be significant to solar coronal plasmadiagnostics.

Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation in Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective Study

Deng Erya,Jiang Tingting,Chai Huihui,Weng Ning,He Hongfeng,Zhang Zhengxian,Peng Chengzhong,Yue Wenwen,Xu Huixiong 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.3

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the outcomes of ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT). Materials and Methods: Patients with THPT underwent RFA between September 2017 and January 2022. Laboratory parameters, including serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels, were monitored for 48 months after RFA and compared with the levels at baseline. Complications related to RFA and changes in hyperparathyroidism-related clinical symptoms were recorded before and after RFA. Results: A total of 42 patients with THPT were recruited for this study. Ultimately, 36 patients with renal failure and 2 patients who underwent successful renal transplantation (male:female, 17:21; median age, 54.5 years) were enrolled. The follow-up time was 21.5 ± 19.0 months in the 36 patients with renal failure. In these 36 patients, iPTH levels were significantly decreased to 261.1 pg/mL at 48 months compared with the baseline value of 1284.9 pg/mL (P = 0.012). Persistent hyperparathyroidism, defined as iPTH levels maintained at > 585.0 pg/mL for 6 months after treatment, occurred in 4.0% of patients (1/25). Recurrent hyperparathyroidism, defined as iPTH levels > 585.0 pg/mL after 6 months, were 4.0% (1/25) and 0.0% (0/9) at 6 months and 4 years after treatment, respectively. In two patients with THPT after successful renal transplantation, iPTH decreased from the baseline value of 242.5 and 115.9 pg/mL to 171.0 and 62.0 pg/mL at 6 months after treatment. All complications resolved within 6 months of ablation without medical intervention, except in 10.5% (4/38) patients with permanent hypocalcemia. The overall symptom recovery rate was 58.8% (10/17). The severity scores for bone pain, arthralgia, and itchy skin associated with hyperparathyroidism improved after treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion: US-guided RFA is an effective and safe alternative to surgery in the treatment of patients with TPTH and improves hyperparathyroidism-related clinical symptoms.

Three birds with one stone: Nitrilotriacetic acid interface anchoring helps prepare efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Chen Ting,Liu Pengfei,Liu Tianxiao,Li Xueyuan,Wang Huihui,He Tingwei,Liu Zhiyong 한국물리학회 2024 Current Applied Physics Vol.58 No.-

Electron transport layer (ETL) plays an important role in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this paper, a stable and cheap metal chelating agent, subnitrotriacetic acid (NTA), was used to modify SnO2 ETL in two ways:1) By incorporating NTA into SnO2 colloidal dispersion, the oxygen vacancy causing charge recombination was greatly reduced, and the recombination of psc was reduced by reducing the introduction of surface Ovs, 2) Spin-coating NTA at the SnO2/perovskite interface not only manages a large number of oxygen vacancies generated by high-temperature annealing, but also interacts with the unpaired Pb2+ in the perovskite absorption layer by interface modification of the C=O bond in NTA, passivates the surface of the perovskite layer, inhibits ion migration, stabilize the perovskite structure, and avoid its collapse, while significantly reducing the defect state density. By inhibiting the shallow interface trap and reducing the non-radiative recombination, efficient and stable perovskite solar cells were prepared. Under the condition of relative humidity greater than 40 % (RH), the efficiency of perovskite solar cells prepared by interface-anchored NTA was increased to 22.6 %, and the stability was significantly enhanced.

Preparation and properties of coated silica/aluminum cermet materials via powder metallurgy method

Jieguang Song,Yue Liu,Chunxiao Wu,Xueqing Yang,Huihui Luo,Chunyan He,Chengbin Li,Haizhen Yang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.2

Cermet is a combination of metal and ceramic, it exhibits some special properties, so it is one of the most widely usedengineering materials. In this paper, the properties of encapsulated SiO2/Al cermet were prepared by powder metallurgymethod. Results showed that the density of SiO2/Al cermet is increased with an increasing Al content. When the Al contentis high, and the high temperature is sintered, the liquid phase can fully bond the surrounding SiO2 particles to form a relativelycontinuous and dense structure, thereby obtaining a high microstructure density. When the SiO2:Al ratio is increased from 1:1to 1:3, the hardness is gradually increased. The hardness and density of the sample are gradually increased with an increasingmolding pressure. The surface hardness of the cermet is increased first and then decreased with an increasing sinteringtemperature. When the SiO2:Al ratio is 1:3, the holding time is 10 min under molding pressure of 15 MPa, and the sinteringtemperature is 900 °C for 1 h, the surface hardness of the obtained coated SiO2/Al cermet is high, the value is 175.2 HV.

Fabrication and properties of Al2O3-Al cermet materials using different raw material composition parameter

Jieguang Song,Yue Liu,Chunxiao Wu,Xueqing Yang,Yipeng Gong,Jianzhen Huang,Chunyan He,Huihui Luo,Aixia Chen 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.1

Cermet application is extensive because it retains the characteristics of ceramic materials and has the advantages of metalmaterials. In this paper, alumina/aluminum cermet materials were prepared through powder metallurgy method. Theinfluence of raw material formula on the properties of alumina/aluminum cermet was investigated on the basis that ceramicmaterials have good wear resistance and high thermal conductivity. Results show that when the mass ratio of alumina toaluminum is 1:3, the prepared cermet samples have excellent properties, highest density, and uniform distribution ofaluminum and alumina. MgO addition exhibits better effect, higher degree of densification, and renders higher hardness andstrength for the sample as compared with SiO2 and Y2O3 addition. The sintered cermet with composite powder prepared viaprecipitation has better properties and higher densities and surface hardness than that prepared via the ball mill method. Therelative density was 97.1%, surface hardness was 875 HV, and electric resistance was 0.0169 Ω·m.