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Invited Article : State of the Science: Salivary Biomarker Utilization for Stress Research
( An Kyungeh ),( Starkweather Angela ),( Sturgill Jamie L ),( Kao Hsueh Fen S ),( Salyer Jeanne ) 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 2014 간호학의 지평 Vol.11 No.2
Purpose: The use of salivary biomarkers for stress research is increasing based on the convenience of collection, affordability and scientific merit. This short review provides an overview of the state of the science of salivary biomarkers utilized in research related to stress. Methods: An integrative review was conducted. Results: The trend of utilizing salivary biomarkers in stress research was reviewed, specifically, focusing on the use of endocrine and inflammatory biomarkers incorporated in previous stress research. Then, a review of sampling procedures for salivary biomarkers and the analytic methods is provided. Finally, a discussion on the strengths and areas for improvement in the use of salivary biomarkers in stress research is included. Conclusion: Salivary biomarkers as an alternative to blood biomarkers are increasingly being recognized as a legitimate source for analyzing the stress response in humans.
Needle-free acupuncture benefits both patients and clinicians
An, Kyungeh,Kim, Yong Suk,Kim, Hee Young,Lee, Hyejung,Hahm, Dae Hyun,Lee, Kyoung Sup,Kang, Sung Kil Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2010 Neurological research Vol.32 No.suppl1
<P>OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether a needle-free acupuncture can be an alternative to conventional needle injection acupuncture. METHODS: Patients (n=101) suffering myofascial shoulder pain were randomly assigned to either needle-free or conventional needle injection acupuncture group. Bee venom was administered into GB21 (Gyeonjeong) acupuncture point for both groups. RESULTS: Shoulder pain was significantly reduced by the treatment in both groups. Patients treated by needle-free acupuncture reported less anxiety, less discomfort and fewer adverse events. Clinicians reported that needle-free acupuncture was safe but not convenient due to the complexity of the device. DISCUSSION: With appropriate adjustments of the current device, needle-free acupuncture can become an alternative to the conventional needle injection method.</P>
안경애 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 2003 Health & Nursing Vol.15 No.1
A survey was conducted to identify the contextual factors of conflict and conflict tactics in dating relationship in 204 college women. Reasons for the conflict in dating relationship included differences in religion, values, personalities, and hobbies. Conflict tactics were classified into four groups: conversation, rude behaviors, threatening, and violent behaviors. Only 4.9% of interviewed women tried conversation as a conflict resolution, 62.1% of the subjects involved either rude behaviors or threatening, and 18.9 involved violent behaviors. Self esteem was significantly associated with the conflict resolution pattern: the higher the self-esteem of the women, the more tend to use non-violent tactics. Those who had witnessed their fathers violence to their mother and those who had witnessed their mothers violent behavior to their father while teen-agers tended to involve violent tactics. Those who attached to the dating relationship tended to involve more violent tactics. Women as frequently as men involved violent behavior when they experience conflicts in their dating relationships. Women may involve violent behavior mostly because they do not know how to express their negative feelings and how to resolve the conflicts non-violently. Pre-marital counseling can be useful for both male and female college students to facilitate their ability to resolve conflicts in dating relationship, thus improve the quality and satisfaction of their dating relationship and marital relationships in their future.
Nurses' Perception of Error Reporting and Patient Safety Culture in Korea
Kim, Jeongeun,An, Kyungeh,Minah Kang Kim,,Sook Hee Yoon, Sage Publications 2007 Western journal of nursing research Vol.29 No.7
<P>An exploratory study was conducted with 886 nurses at eight Korean teaching hospitals to describe nurses' perception of frequency of error reporting and patient safety culture in their hospitals and to identify relationships between the nurses' perception and work-related factors. The authors found that the majority of nurses were not comfortable reporting errors or communicating concerns about safety issues. A significant portion reported concerns about patient safety issues in their working unit. Nurses on the front line evaluated various aspects related to patient safety culture as being more of a problem than nurses who are older (<I>p</I> U003C; .01) and who work in management positions (<I>p</I> U003C; .05). The authors conclude that error reporting and the safety culture in Korean teaching hospitals are not emphasized enough. The authors suggest that patient safety could be improved in a nonpunitive culture where individuals can openly discuss medical errors and potential hazards.</P>
Park, Hyun-Jung,Shim, Hyun-Soo,An, Kyungeh,Starkweather, Angela,Kim, Kyung Soo,Shim, Insop Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 Mediators of inflammation Vol.2015 No.-
<P>It has been known that activation of the central innate immune system or exposure to stress can disrupt balance of anti-/proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the modulation of depressive-like behaviors, the hormonal and neurotransmitter systems in rats. We investigated whether centrally administered IL-1<I>β</I> is associated with activation of CNS inflammatory pathways and behavioral changes and whether treatment with IL-4 could modulate IL-1<I>β</I>-induced depressive-like behaviors and central neurotransmitter systems. Infusion of IL-4 significantly decreased IL-1<I>β</I>-induced anhedonic responses and increased social exploration and total activity. Treatment with IL-4 markedly blocked IL-1<I>β</I>-induced increase in PGE<SUB>2</SUB> and CORT levels. Also, IL-4 reduced IL-1<I>β</I>-induced 5-HT levels by inhibiting tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) mRNA and activating serotonin transporter (SERT) in the hippocampus, and levels of NE were increased by activating tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA expression. These results demonstrate that IL-4 may locally contribute to the regulation of noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission and may inhibit IL-1<I>β</I>-induced behavioral and immunological changes. The present results suggest that IL-4 modulates IL-1<I>β</I>-induced depressive behavior by inhibiting IL-1<I>β</I>-induced central glial activation and neurotransmitter alterations. IL-4 reduced central and systemic mediatory inflammatory activation, as well as reversing the IL-1<I>β</I>-induced alterations in neurotransmitter levels. The present findings contribute a biochemical pathway regulated by IL-4 that may have therapeutic utility for treatment of IL-1<I>β</I>-induced depressive behavior and neuroinflammation which warrants further study.</P>
Factors Associated With the Hospital Arrival Time in Patients With Ischemic Stroke in Korea
Sim, Jeongha,Shin, Cha-Nam,An, Kyungeh,Todd, Michael ASPEN PUBLISHERS INC 2016 JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING Vol.31 No.5
<P>Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability among the Korean population. Ischemic stroke patients tend to delay arrival at the hospital and often miss the 'golden' 3-hour window, which is optimal for tissue plasminogen activator treatment. Objective: The purposes of this study were to compare demographic, clinical/behavioral, and sociocultural characteristics of ischemic stroke patients who reside in urban and rural areas of Korea and to identify factors contributing to the time taken from symptom onset to hospital arrival. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted using a structured survey in a convenience sample of 229 ischemic stroke patients in Korea. Results: Individuals who resided in rural areas were more likely to be female, older, less educated; had lower incomes; contacted adult children at the onset of stroke; and took a longer time to be transported to a hospital than did those who resided in urban areas (P < .05). Patients who visited an emergency room, transferred via an ambulance, contacted emergency medical services, perceived symptoms as serious, had a family history of stroke, or experienced hemiparesis as the primary stroke symptom arrived at the hospital relatively sooner, whereas patients who experienced unclear symptoms took relatively more time to arrive at the hospital following symptom onset (P < .05). Conclusions: Nationwide efforts are needed to promote public awareness of stroke and to develop strategies to reduce prehospital delay time for ischemic stroke patients, particularly those who reside in rural areas in Korea.</P>