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      • Ralph Vaughan Williams의 'Songs of Travel'에 관한 연구

        한수경 성신여자대학교 2010 국내석사

        RANK : 2943

        본 논문에서는 로버트 루이스 스티븐슨(Robert Louis Stevenson, 1850-1894)의 시를 가사로 채택한 랄프 본 윌리암스(Ralph Vaughan Williams, 1872-1958)의 연가곡 「여행의 노래(Songs of Travel), 1901-1904」를 중심으로 본 윌리암스의 생애와 작품세계, 그의 음악적 성향과 가곡의 특징을 함께 연구하였다. 연가곡「Songs of Travel」은 그의 초기작품이기는 하지만 본 윌리암스의 음악적 특징과 영국음악의 작품성향을 함께 보여주고 있어서 그 연구하는 의미가 있다고 보여 진다. 본론에서는 가곡사를 중심으로 영국음악의 발달을 알아보고, 빅토리아 시대의 문학적 특징과 로버트 루이스 스티븐슨의 생애와 작품의 특징도 살펴보겠다. 결론적으로 본 윌리암스는 민족주의적이며, 영국적이고 전원적인 음악적 성향을 가지고 반주부의 다양한 악기 사용으로 작곡한 여러 장르의 많은 작품들을 통하여 그만의 개성과 특징있는 작품세계를 보여주었다. 또 잘 알려진 대로 800여곡의 민요수집과 편곡, 지휘, 교수 등 그의 활발한 음악활동은 영국 음악의 정체성 확립과 영국음악의 특징을 형성할 수 있도록 기여하였고, 이러한 그의 업적은 영국 음악사적 측면에서 큰 공헌하였음을 알아보고자 한다.

      • Tennesse Williams 작품의 여성인물의 자아의식 연구 : The glass menageria, a streetcar named desire, cat on a hot int roof를 중심으로

        이은주 경성대학교 교육대학원 2011 국내석사

        RANK : 2942

        Tennessee Williams, as a male playwright, represented the agony of women. His female characters, being isolated from reality, are depicted as disfigured or abnormal. They try to adapt themselves to the real world but they fail to do so. Hence, they suffer from conflicts between illusion and reality, body and soul, and mendacity and truth. In his earlier works, Williams deals with self­destructive female characters who often cling to their own illusions and nostalgia for the Old South. In The Glass Menagerie, Williams' most autobiographical play, Amanda oppresses and frustrates her son and daughter with her reminiscences of the Blue Mountain. Her daughter Laura is a retrogressive female character who is unable to cope with reality due to her lameness, her fragility, and her mother's inappropriate oppressive values. She escapes to her illusions, which are symbolized by the glass menagerie and a worn­out victrola. Just as her 'unicorn' shatter so does her attempt to get away from her own illusionary world. In A Streetcar Named Desire, Blanche is brought face to face with the bitter reality of New Orleans, which contrasts with her memories of Belle Reve. Being a lonesome woman, desperately seeking human contact in reality, Blanche sustains herself with her illusions of being a 'Southern gentlewoman'. Blanche, brought up and bound by the traditions of the Old South, collides with Stanley, who represents the industrial and the materialistic society of the twentieth century. Blanche is defeated in her confrontation with Stanley, both physically and mentally. Yet, unlike Laura, Blanche does not retreat without a struggle. Amanda and Laura both give up their hopes for the future, due to their failures of overcoming their experiences and being unable to adjust to their present reality, However, Blanche tries to exile herself from the cruel world through her duplicity. Williams' changed view of life made it possible to create another types of female characters who struggle against their bitter reality. Williams realized that it is not desirable to stick to the past. Such realization is reflected by the character Maggie in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. Maggie is a realistic woman who has a bitter memory of her past. Unlike Laura and Blanche, she is a woman capable of envisioning her future from her past experience. Clearly differentiated from Laura and Blanche, Maggie is a character who faces the crisis of her marriage life and also struggles to fulfill her wishes for regaining her husband's love and inheriting Big Daddy's property through aggressive strength and willpower. This thesis analyzes Williams' three plays focusing on his developing point of views on women as well as the changes and growth of the female characters' recognition. His views changed from escaping from the reality to facing the reality and then to accepting and embracing it. In his plays, Williams emphasizes the necessity of mutual understanding as well as incessant endurance and positive effort between human beings.

      • Methods for incorporating population dynamics and decision theory in cackling goose management

        Williams, Perry J Colorado State University 2016 해외박사(DDOD)

        RANK : 2847

        소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

        Natural resource management is often challenging due to competing stakeholder values, limited resources, or uncertainty in ecosystem processes. Cackling goose (Branta hutchinsii minima) management faces all of these challenges. Many Native Alaskan subsistence hunters living in rural communities rely on the seasonal influx of cackling geese each spring as a source of food security. In addition to food, subsistence hunting provides cultural and spiritual benefits directly tied to the values of many Native Alaskans. When cackling geese migrate out of Alaska, most birds fly to the Willamette Valley in Oregon, and the lower Columbia River Basin in Washington. Here, the cackling goose narrative is much different. In their wintering area, cackling geese browse on private agricultural fields, destroying crops. The destruction of crops causes loss of agricultural yield, and therefore, loss of income. Hazing geese from fields has become a daily requirement for many farmers, consuming time, energy, and financial resources. In previous years, various programs (including the Oregon Goose Control Task Force) provided services to ameliorate cackling goose depredation on private land. These programs were, at least in part, successful at reducing depredation. Funding for these programs was limited, and when financial resources ended, the programs disbanded leaving farmers to address the cackling goose depredation problem once again. The competing interests between farmers and subsistence hunters has resulted in contentious debate related to the management objectives associated with the cackling goose population as the Pacific Flyway Council prepares to revise their cackling goose management plan. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).

      • A statistical mechanical model of economics

        Lubbers, Nicholas Edward Williams Boston University 2016 해외박사(DDOD)

        RANK : 2847

        소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

        Statistical mechanics pursues low-dimensional descriptions of systems with a very large number of degrees of freedom. I explore this theme in two contexts. The main body of this dissertation explores and extends the Yard Sale Model (YSM) of economic transactions using a combination of simulations and theory. The YSM is a simple interacting model for wealth distributions which has the potential to explain the empirical observation of Pareto distributions of wealth. I develop the link between wealth condensation and the breakdown of ergodicity due to nonlinear diffusion effects which are analogous to the geometric random walk. Using this, I develop a deterministic effective theory of wealth transfer in the YSM that is useful for explaining many quantitative results. I introduce various forms of growth to the model, paying attention to the effect of growth on wealth condensation, inequality, and ergodicity. Arithmetic growth is found to partially break condensation, and geometric growth is found to completely break condensation. Further generalizations of geometric growth with growth in- equality show that the system is divided into two phases by a tipping point in the inequality parameter. The tipping point marks the line between systems which are ergodic and systems which exhibit wealth condensation. I explore generalizations of the YSM transaction scheme to arbitrary betting functions to develop notions of universality in YSM-like models. I find that wealth vi condensation is universal to a large class of models which can be divided into two phases. The first exhibits slow, power-law condensation dynamics, and the second exhibits fast, finite-time condensation dynamics. I find that the YSM, which exhibits exponential dynamics, is the critical, self-similar model which marks the dividing line between the two phases. The final chapter develops a low-dimensional approach to materials microstructure quantification. Modern materials design harnesses complex microstructure effects to develop high-performance materials, but general microstructure quantification is an unsolved problem. Motivated by statistical physics, I envision microstructure as a low-dimensional manifold, and construct this manifold by leveraging multiple machine learning approaches including transfer learning, dimensionality reduction, and computer vision breakthroughs with convolutional neural networks.

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