사회적 재생산 여성주의의 비판적 재구성 계급 무급 돌봄 : 가사 노동에 대한 보상 및 기본소득을 중심으로

권정임 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2022 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.19 No.4

This article studies of social reproduction feminism, based on Marx’s critical study of political economy. This problematic provides a perspective with which to research women’s oppression and liberation, in its systematic relationship with the multi-layered dimensions of capitalist society such as socioeconomic status, class, gender, race, and ecology, all in an integrated and non-reductive manner. This article also attempts to reconstruct social reproduction feminism part of a more systematic program First, it reconstructs the research methods of social reproduction feminism based on Marx’s political economy. Second, it critically transforms some of the claims of social reproduction feminism. It emphasizes the ‘precariat’ in order to properly reflect the changed class dynamic of modern capitalism. It also highlights basic income to adequately address the issue of compensation for unpaid care and domestic work and to promote alternative social reproduction. 이 글에서는 사회적 재생산 여성주의에 대한 비판적 연구를 수행한다. 그 결과 이 사조가 마르크스의 정치경제학에 대한 비판적 연구에 기초하여, 자본주의 사회에서의 여성 억압과 여성 해방의 가능성을 사회경제, 계급, 젠더, 인종, 생태 등 자본주의 사회의 다층적 차원과의 체계적인 연관 아래 통합적이면서도 비환원론적으로 연구할 수 있는 전망과 단서를 제공함을 보인다. 또한 사회적 재생산 여성주의의 이러한 의의에 연계하여, 이 글에서는 사회적 재생산 여성주의를 자본주의 사회에서의 여성 억압과 여성 해방의 가능성을 연구하는 보다 체계적인 프로그램으로 재구성하고자 한다. 이러한 재구성은 두 가지 방식으로 진행된다. 첫째는 사회적 재생산 여성주의의 연구결과를 마르크스의 정치경제학에 기초하여 보다 근본적·체계적으로 재구성하는 것이다. 둘째는 사회적 재생산 여성주의의 내·외부에서 제기되는 이견이나 쟁점에 대한 연구를 수행하여, 사회적 재생산 여성주의의 주장들 일부를 비판적으로 변형하는 것이다. 이 글에서 논의하는 쟁점은 계급 문제, 무급 돌봄·가사노동에 대한 적절한 보상 문제 및 사회적 재생산의 대안적 전망의 실현을 위한 정책으로서의 기본소득이다.

자본주의 해부에서 자본주의의 미래로

안현효 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2024 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.21 No.1

『노동가치탐구』는 『자본론』 1권, 1편 상품과 화폐 편을 소개하고 주해하는 소박한 목적을 달성함과 동시에 『자본론』 1권, 1편의 범위 내에서 마르크스 노동가치론을 증명하려는 담대한 시도를 하였다. 첫째, 노동가치탐구』에서 마르크스 가치 개념을 이해하는 데서의 다면적 차원, 즉 실체, 형태, 크기라는 다차원을 접근함에 있어 가치형태를 가치의 ‘발현’이라는차원에서 해석하고 시장을 통한 가치의 ‘승인’과 변증법적 상호관계 속에서 접근하고 있다. 본 논문은 이 단서에 주목하여 마르크스의 가치형태론의 의미를 유통주의적 해석과 투하노동적 해석을 극복할 단서로 평가한다. 둘째, 하지만 『자본론』 1권 1편의 연구 및 서술 대상이 자본주의적 생산양식인가, 단순상품생산사회인가는 쟁점이 된다. 『노동가치탐구』는 후자의 입장을 선택하여 『자본론』 1권 1편의 주해 과정에서 노동가치의 양적 분배 문제를 모두 해명하고자하는데 이는 부문별 노동의 양적 분배 문제를 다룰 수 없다는 한계를 가진다는 점을지적한다. 셋째, 상품 물신성은 사람과 사람의 관계가 물과 물의 관계로 전도되는 점을 해명하는 단서가 되며 이에 대한 분석과 해명을 통해 자본주의적 물신성을 이해할 수 있는 단서가 된다는 점을 높이 평가할 수 있다. 비록 단순상품생산사회의 제한 속에서 분석하지만 『노동가치탐구』의 연구 및 서술은 “우리가 사는 사회” 이후의 사회를 상상하고 탐구하는 데 중요한 출발점이 될것으로 보인다.

책상을 따라 문 쪽으로

우스이 류이치로 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2023 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.20 No.1

대하소설 시대를 다룬 대하소설 같은 연구 노서경, 『의회의 조레스, 당의 조레스, 노동자의 조레스: 프랑스 제3공화정, 1885-1914』

장석준 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2023 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.20 No.1

In the age of the French third republic, liberal-imperialistic capitalism and bourgeois democracy flourished. But with the outbreak of the First World War, it suddenly collapsed. Unexpected long-term prosperity in that period and its sudden collapse has inspired a lot of romans-fleuves. Also it reminds us of the heyday of neoliberalism, which’s unexpectedly finished with the blow of the financial crash in 2008. Jaurès in Parliament, Jaurès for Party, Jaurès with Workers: The French Third Republic, 1885-1914 by Roh, Seo-Kyeong, is a work a la roman-fleuve, on that period of romans-fleuves. The main theme of the book is, above all, the thought and practice of Jean Jaurès, the great socialist in the third republic. In contrast to the orthodox Marxism, which counted democracy as a mere instrument for class struggles, Jaurès thought that socialism was nothing but the democracy which’s expanded even into the economic realm. The work of Roh, Seo-Kyeong introduces the various socialist currents in the third republic, as well as the far-right ideologues who’s been rivals for socialists. The original socialist ideas of Jaurès, that Roh, Seo-Kyeong calls as ‘humanitarian socialism’, has developed through the struggling with these far-right tendencies. Today, the left who’s been contending with far-right populists since the fall of neoliberalism, can learn from such experiences in the French third republic.

Ricardo and/or Marx?: A review of classical political economics and modern capitalism: theories of value, competition and trade by Lefteris Tsoulfidis and Persefoni Tsaliki

마이클 로버츠 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2020 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.17 No.1

Lefteris Tsoulfidis and Persefoni Tsaliki provide a convincing and robust theoretical analysis of capitalism. But strangely, they see Marxian economics as a strand of classical political economy, not as a critical attack on classical economics, as Marx did. Indeed, the authors are at their most convincing when they develop Marxian theory in contrast to classical and neoclassical analyses. They show that in modern capitalism, it is profit and the profitability of capital that rules; not consumption, not competition or monopoly. Crises in capitalism have intrinsic causes and therefore are not conjectural and in this sense are inevitable.

Praxis, Nature and Eurocentrism International Discussion around Critical Theory Contributions of Bolívar Echeverría, Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez and Alfred Schmidt

스테판 간들러 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2023 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.20 No.1

One of the core differences between two very important – but generally underestimated – contemporary social philosophers, the Mexican thinkers Bolívar Echeverría and Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez, seems to reside in the distinct mode of referring to human praxis. In the following lines we will discuss this difference, using as an important socio philosophical reference the probably most important Frankfurt follower of Max Horkheimer, Herbert Marcuse and Theodor W. Adorno: Alfred Schmidt. That conceptual confrontation of these three critical Marxist thinkers necessarily reaches the philosophical discussion on the concept of nature. Finally, some reflections on the problem of the, Today still existing, philosophical Eurocentrism will conclude our essay.

역사적 유물론의 원본으로서 마르크스 역사철학의 기원과 그 의미

이회진 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2024 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.21 No.1

This paper focuses on the understanding of Karl Marx’s Philosophy of History as the root of Historical Materialism based on editorial structure and arrangement of MEGA2 Ⅰ-5. To achieve this objective, I begin by comparing the prefaces of MEGA1 Ⅰ-5 (1932), MEW 3 (1958), and MEJ (2003) editions with regards to their usage of philosophical terminology, interpretation of the text corpus, and organization of manuscripts. As the authoritative publishing institutions responsible for reproducing the Manuscripts of German Ideology, the editors introduced the terms “historical materialism” and “materialistic understanding of history” while imparting their individual interpretations. The disparities between these interpretations will be identified in this initial phase. In a second step, I delve into Marx’s writing process as he engages with Max Stirner’s notable work, “The Ego and Its Own,” a text that encapsulates Stirner's intellectual discourse with Feuerbach. Marx extensively examines the perspectives of both philosophers, ultimately formulating his own deductions in what is commonly referred to as the “Manuscript of St. Max.” This particular manuscript is widely regarded as the foundational cornerstone of the Manuscripts of German Ideology. In summary, Marx’s philosophy of history finds its roots in his discerning analysis of the anthropological discourse between Stirner and Feuerbach. Within his commentary, Marx introduces crucial criteria for critically evaluating the prevailing philosophical and religious constructs of humanity, along with the notion of “history as embodied by living individuals.” Drawing upon these findings, Marx constructs the theoretical foundations of his historical philosophy.

경계와 문턱으로서의 기생충

김현강 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2022 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.19 No.3

This paper aims to explore the possibility of political interpretation of the figure of parasites, starting with the social analysis shown in Bong Joon-ho’s movie “Parasite”. What are parasites like? Parasites are beings that do not belong to the system and have no place in the system. The present study is based on the assumption that the parasite is of central importance for the existence of the system. Without the parasite, which brings noise and chaos into the system, a system’s adaptability and survival are at risk since a system can only survive through interaction with the parasites. It is the parasite that brings new and creative impulses into the system. The parasite is the truth of the system, which always remains hidden. He is the constitutive place in the system, the constitutive exception, which is essential for the establishment of order. The study attempts to interpret the figure of the parasite as a political subjectivity on the basis of the theories of Serres, Rancière, Negri/Hardt, Agamben, Žižek, etc. Concepts like “part of no part (la part des sans-part),” “multitude,” “homo sacer,” “sovereignty,” etc. are employed to analyze this new political subjectivity.

The Okishio Theorem and After

Takeshi Nakatani 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2024 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.21 No.1

The Okishio theorem has been a topic of heated discussion in post-war Marxian economics. The Okishio theorem states that the newly established equilibrium profit rate must rise regardless of its organic composition of capital if we consider the capitalist's behavior of introducing technology. Some of the criticism directed towards it results from misunderstanding the theorem itself; however, others question its original assumptions, namely, the definition of profit rate, its criterion for selecting new technology, and the constancy of the real wage rate before and after technical change. We will examine these criticisms in order, especially the claim, that the real wage rate remaining constant before and after technological progress is unrealistic. In a competitive economy, what dynamic fluctuation does the introduction of new technology have on production, profit rate, and price? Okishio [2001] discussed this problem in models without durable capital. We study this issue considering durable capital.

『자본』 상품 및 화폐 장(章) 독서의 난점과 그 해결책

김영용 경상국립대학교 사회과학연구원 2024 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.21 No.1

The first chapters of Marx's Capital on commodities and money have been the subject of heated debate over the theoretical status of the simple commodity production. At the same time, these chapters have gained notoriety among readers of Capital for their difficulties and ambiguities. Unfortunately, promising positions in the debate which deny independent existence of simple commodity production do not seem to be appropriate for reading strategies for Capital. Given this theoretical terrain and readers’ difficult situation, this paper, even theoretically burdensome and problematic, proposes to consider simple commodity production as a pre-capitalist stage as part of a reading strategy.