DCCA에 의한 서어나무류 群集과 環境의 相關關係 分析

宋鎬京,張圭寬 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

서어나무류 群落의 種 造成과 立地와의 關係를 究明하기 위하여 서어나무군락 11個所, 개서어나무군락 22個所, 까치박달나무군락 7個所를 選定하고, DCCA 方法을 使用하여 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 서어나무군락에서 重要値가 높은 種은 서어나무, 쪽동백나무, 신갈나무, 졸참나무, 대팻집나무, 당단풍, 까치박달나무, 물푸레 나무, 사람주나무 등의 순이다. 개서어나무 군락에서 重要値가 높은 種은 개서어나무, 졸참나무, 서어나무, 생강나무, 신갈나무, 고로쇠나무, 당단풍, 비목나무, 쪽동백나무 등의 순이다. 까치박달나무군락에서 重要値가 높은 種은 까치박달나무, 신갈나무, 서어나무, 쪽동백나무, 당단풍, 졸참나무 등의 순이다. 2. 主要 優占種의 種 多樣性은 서어나무군락이 가장 높고, 까치박달나무군락이 가장 낮았으며, 群落別 土壤 分析 結果를 보면 개서어나무군락이 C.E.C.를 제외한 全窒素, 有機物含量, 有效燐酸, K+, Ca++, Mg++ 等의 養料가 양호한 것으로 나타냈다. 3. 群落과 環境 要因들과의 상관관계를 보면, 개서어나무군락은 全窒素가 많은 곳에, 서어나무군락은 海拔高가 높은 곳에 주로 分布하고 있으며, 까치박달나무군락은 全窒素가 낮고 高度가 중간인 部分에 주로 分布하고 있다. On the basis of Braun-Blanquet, 40 quadrats were sampled by the releve method of Muller-Dombois & Ellenberg in natural forests of Mt. Chiri, Mt. Deokyu, Mt. Kyeryong, and Mt. Sokri. The quadrats were sampled 11 plots in Carpinus laxiflora forest, 22 plots in C. tschonoskii forest, and 7 plots in C. cordata forest. The method of DCCA were introduced to elucidate the relations of site factors and species composition in the same quadrats. The dominant tree species distributed in the region of Carpinus laxiflora communites were C. laxiflora, Styrax obassia, Quercus mongolica, and Q. serrata in descending order. The dominant tree species distributed in the region of Carpinus tschonoskii communities were C. tschonoskii, Q. serrata, C. laxiflora, and Lindera obtusiloba in descending order. The dominant tree species distributed in the region of Carpinus cordata communities were C. cordata, Q. mongolica, C. laxiflora, and S. obassia in descending order. The species diversities of major dominant species recorded the highest value in the communities of Carpinus laxiflora but the lowest value in the communities of C. cordata. The nutrient contents of total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, K+, Ca++, and Mg++ except of C.E.C. value were the highest values in the forest soils of C. tschonoskii communities. In the relations of major species communities and environmental factors, Carpinus tschonoskii communities were distributed in the good nutrition of total nitrogen, C. laxiflora communities in the high elevation area, C. cordata communities in the poor nutrition of total nitrogen and in the medium elevation area.

活性汚泥 微生物의 分離 및 同定

강명규,배정옥,이기종,이영하 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

To investigate the microfloral composition in activated sludge, more than six hundred bacterial and fungal strains isolated from influent sewage, return sludge and aeration tank of an activated sludge sewage treatment plant were identified to the genus level. During the holding period in the aeration tank development of diverse heterotrophic microbial populations occurred and bacterial and fungal numbers in the aeration tank were 10- to 100-fold higher than in the influent sewage and return sludge. A large number of Gram-negative rods, particularly Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Alcaligenes were found to be the dominant genera in the aeration tank. The species of filamentous fungi Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Rhizopus and Lepiomitus, and various yeasts were frequently associated with activated sludge. The most commonly found yeast genera were Candida, Geotrichum, Saccharomyces, Torulopsis and Rhodotorula.

忠北 陰城郡 金峰鑛山 試錐 코아의 基本物性과 彈性波 速度와의 關係

송무영,노영길 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

음성군의 금봉광산에서 시추한 화강암의 코아시료를 대상으로 기본물성과 P파, S파 속도를 측정하고 그들 상호간의 관계를 탐구하였다. 밀도는 2.63∼2.72g/㎤, 공극률은 0.29∼1.84%, 함수율은 0.09∼0.41%의 범위에서 변한다. P파 속도와 S파 속도는 밀도에 대하여 각각 0.8 및 0.7의 상관도를 갖고 비레한다. 반면 공극률에 대하여는 Vp와 Vs가 각각 0.6 및 0.52의 상관도를 갖고 반비례하는 경향을 보인다. 한편 Vp와 Vs는 높은 상관도(0.8)를 갖고 비례관계를 유지한다. On the granitic core samples of Kumbong Mine in Umsong-Kun, the basic physical properties and the velocities of P and S wave are measured, and their inter-relationship was investigated. The physical properties vary in the of 2.63∼2.72g/㎤ for density, 0.29∼1.84% for porosity, and 0.09∼0.41% for moisture content ratio. P wave and S wave velocities show the proportional tendency with the density within the correlation coefficient 0.8 and 0.7, respectively. On the other hand, about the porosity, Vp and Vs show the inverse proportional tendency within the correlation coefficient 0.6 and 0.52, respectively. Vp and Vs are each other in the proportionate relation within 0.8 of correlation coefficient.

만경강 유역의 수질, 토양 및 어류의 중금속 함량에 관한 연구

방성자,최신석 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

This study was performed to investigate the heavy metals contents in water, sediment and muscle and skeleten of fish in the Mankyunggang areas. The samples wers collected at 4 sites of the Mankyunggang during the period of May to October in 1993. The concentrations of the heavy metals were analyzed by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer : The results are as follows. 1. The average concentrations of the heavy metals in water was detected Cadmium 0.0171±0.0021㎍/g, Copper 0.0503±0.005㎍/g, Mercury 0.0422±0.0030㎍/g, Zinc 0.1008±0.0024㎍/g, and the concenfration of Zinc among the heavy metals was the highest. In the heavy metals concentrations, the sites sampled showed a higher tendency in lowerstreams than in up-streams. 2. The average concentrations of the heavy metals in sediment were Cadmium 0.0061±0.0006㎍/g, Copper 0.0328±0.0016㎍/g, Mercury 0.0022±0.0002㎍/g, Zinc 0.1479±0.0102㎍/g, and the concentration of Zinc was the highest value. In the heavy metals concentrations, the sites sampled showed a higher tendency in lowerstreams than in up-streams. 3. The average concentrations of Cadimium, Copper, Mercury, Zinc in muscle and skeleton of fish at Mankyunggang were Cadmium 0.0233±0.0012㎍/g, 0.1289±0.0019㎍/g, Copper 0.0962±0.0027㎍/g, 0.1401±0.0034㎍/g, Mercury 0.0600±0.0090㎍/g, 0.3787±0.0031㎍/g, Zinc 1.6002±0.027㎍/g, 3.5372±0.1366㎍/g. 4. The concentrations of Cadmium, Copper, Mercury and Zinc in muscle and skeleton of fish were higher in skeleton than in muscle, and significant difference in the part of each species except Mercury(p<0.01). The average concentrations of the heavy metals in fish showed higher in lowersteams than in up-streams.

일부 도시 주민들의 음용수 이용 실태

박혜숙,이동배 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

To investigate the actual status on the drinking water of the Taejon residents, survey was performed for 3 months from January 15, 1993 to March, 1993. The data were collected from 800 housewives residing in Taejon city. The statistical analysis of the data was made to investigate the difference between age groups, educational levels, monthly income per house, and dwelling types of the respondents. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The 52.9% of the respondents used ground water as for drinking water, and the remainders used tap water. Higher income groups and the group who lived in Korean style house prefered to drink ground water. 2. The easy convenience of tap water, and the safety of ground water were major reasons for drink. 3. 95.9% of tap water users drink it after boiled, but 87% of ground water users drink it in fresh state. 4. Of the 40.9% of the ground water users have been used it for more than 3 years, and the residents lived in korean style houses have been used it longer period. 5. The reports of mass communications on water pollution reduced the use of tap water up to the rate of 79.1%. The apartment residents were much more influenced by mass communications than others. 6. Among the routes of information about the pollution of tap water, most respondents, both ground water users, and tap water users, were informed that about by T.V. 7. Only 16.7% of tap water users, and 38.3% of ground water users were satisfied their present drinking wate.

대전시 대형빌딩 사무실 근무자들의 실내공기에 대한 주관적 평가와 자극증상

이경숙,조영채,이동배 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

In order to evaluate the indoor air quality of the building offices and to know the health symtoms of office workers, this questionaire survey was conducted from the 570 workers employed in the 9 large buildings(4 naturally ventilated and 5 mechanically ventilated) in Taejon area from 1 July, 1993 to August, 1993. The results were summarized as follows. 1. An opinions of the building office workers on the indoor air quality was higher in the rates of dissatisfaction as 57.0% than that of satisfaction as 43.0%. 2. The dissatisfaction rates by the workers on the indoor air quality were higher in the mechanically ventilated buildings than naturally ventilated, buildings compared with contributing factors such as age, sex, marital status, duration of work, work hours per day, number of workers per floor space, smoking in the office, operate a computer and a copier in the office etc. 3. The reasons of dissatisfaction by the office workers on the indoor air quality were "bad circulation", "dusty", "too dry", "too hot" and "noisy" in that order. But the "ban circulation " " dusty" and "too dry" were significantly higher in the mechanically ventilated buildings than the naturally ventilated building( P<0.05). 4. Most workers answered the times when the indoor air quality is worst were during "hot", in the "afternoons", "crowdy" and "cold" in that order. Especially, the times when "Rainy and snowy" and "crowdy" were significantly higher in the mechanical ventilated buildings than the naturally ventilated buildings(P<0.05). 5. They complained symptoms such as "congested eyes" "runny nose" "stuffy nose" "nausea" and "drowsiness" and the rates of symptoms complained were significantly higher in the mechanical ventilated buildings than the naturally ventilated buildings (P<0.05).

천연 제올라이트를 이용한 생물학적 처리수의 암모니아성 질소 제거

홍지숙,홍성수,강호 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

The ammonium-ion exchange characteristics of domestic natural zeolite was investigated to remove NH4+-N in effluents from biological treatment processes. The effect of water temperature, pH and competitive cationic concentrations on the exchange capacity was examined and the results are as follows. The ammonium-ion exchange capacity was found to be 2.083 meq. NH₄?-N/g-zeolite and not influenced by water temperature, whereas reduced up to 4.2% with the increasing of pH from 7 to 9. The separation factor were increased up to 24% with the water temperature from 25℃ to 55℃. When the competitive cationic concentrations such as K?, Ca²?, and Mg²? increased from 10 to 150mg/L in the di-component systems, the selective ammonium-ion exchange capacity was decreased up to 28%. As with many other studies, the selectivity sequence were K?>Ca²?>Mg²?. The column test has shown that the natural zeolite has a self-sharpening of ion exchange independent of flow rate in the range of 5 to 15 BV/hr. In the column test, the removal efficiences of TOC, COD, PO₄-P and TP from the anaerobic digestor effluent were higher than those from the primary and secondary domestic effluents.

랫드의 생체내 카드뮴 축적에 대한 아연의 영향

심상일,조영채,이동배 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

This study was performed to find out the protective effects of zinc against accumulation of cadmium in rats. The exprimental rats were divided into two groups ; one group was administrated cadmium alone(cadmium alone group) and the other group was administrated simultaneously Cd and Zn(cadmium alone group ; Cd-I group ; 200ug/ml, Cd-II group ; 400ug/ml). Each group was administrated with different doses of cadmium (200ug/ml∼400ug/ml) and zink(100ug/ml∼1,000ug/ml) orally bia drinking water for two weeks. The gained Body weight and organ weight, cadmium levels of blood liver, kidney and spleen, hematogical values and enzyme activites were investigated for the experimental groups. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The body weights of exprimental rats were temporarily reduced, but gredually incresed after one week in each group. The weights of liver and kidney of the Cd-II(Cd 400ug/ml) group were significantly reduced compared with the control group(P<0.05). 2. The accumulation levels of Cd in the blood of rats were significantly reduced in the Cd-I group according to the Zn level was increased. But the Cd levels were significantly increased in the Cd-II group according to the Zn level was increased. 3. The accumulation levels of Cd in liver were reduced in the Cd and Zn mixed groups than the Cd alone group in the Cd-I group, but, in Cd-II group, the levels of Cd were increased in the Cd and Zn mixed groups than Cd alone group(p<0.01). 4. The accumulation levels of Cd in Kidney were significantly increased in the Cd and Zn mixed groups than Cd alone group in the Cd-I group(P<0.05), but, in the Cd-II group, the levels of Cd were reduced in the Cd and Zn mixed groups than the Cd alone group. 5. The accumulation levels of the Cd in spleen were significantly reduced in the Cd and Zn mixed groups than Cd alone group in the Cd-I group(P<0.05), but, there was not significantly differences in the Cd-II group. 6. The hematological values (RBC, WBC, Hb and Hct) were higher levels in the Cd alone group than the cd and Zn mixed groups in the Cd-I and Cd-II groups. 7. The activities of GOT, GPT, ALP, and LDH were significantly increased in the Cd alone group than the control groups, but, there was not signigicant in the Cd and Zn mixed group. According to the above results, this study suggests that Zn may accelarate the accumulation of Cd within various organs, but this metal had reducing effects on the toxicity of Cd to the hematological values and enzyme activities when the Zn was administrated simultaneously with Cd to the rats.

雲日岩 半日岩 부근의 地質

송무영 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1992 環境硏究 Vol.10 No.-

충남대학교 교내 산림환경 개선을 위한 경관 가치 평가

송형섭,박범진,권기원 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1997 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this study is to obtain some useful informations for improving the campus forest landscape of Chungnam National University. Based on two kinds of surveyed data relating campus forest landscape resources and the respondents visual preference ratings, geographical features and physical characteristics of forest landscape are investigated. Twenty-four photos were taken for visual preference survey. With a total 100 respondents, relative scenic beauty of each forest scenes could be explained in terms of influence factors of physical characteristics. Three variables in model could be accounted for 65% of total variables in perceived forest scenic beauty. Results indicated that campus forest landscape must be improved greatly in the scenic views and so on. To improve current situation, some alternatives including improvement scheme and cost have to be proposed newly.