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Nemestó,thy, Ná,ndor,Bakonyi, Pé,ter,Ró,zsenberszki, Tamá,s,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Koó,k, Lá,szló,Kelemen, Gá,bor,Kim, Sang-Hyoun,Bé,lafi-Bak Elsevier 2018 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.43 No.41
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Lignocellulosic biofuel, in particular hydrogen gas production is governed by successful feedstock pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation. In these days, remarkable attention is paid to the use of ionic liquids to make the fermentable regions of lignocellulose biomass more accessible to the biocatalysts. Although these compounds have great potential for this purpose, their presence during the consecutive fermentation stage may pose a threat on process stability due to certain toxic effects. This, however, has not been specifically elaborated for dark fermentative biohydrogen generation. Hence, in this work, two common imidazolium-type ionic liquids (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, ([bmim][Ac]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, ([bmim][Cl])) were employed in mixed culture biohydrogen fermentation to investigate the possible impacts related to their presence and concentrations. The batch assays were evaluated comparatively via the modified Gompertz-model based on the important parameters characterizing the process, namely the biohydrogen production potential, maximum biohydrogen production rate and lag-phase time.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The impact of imidazolium-type ionic liquids on biohydrogen formation was tested. </LI> <LI> The batch biohydrogen production process was evaluated kinetically. </LI> <LI> Both [bmim][Ac] and [bmim][Cl] affected the biohydrogen formation performance. </LI> <LI> The anion part of ionic liquids ([Ac]<SUP>-</SUP> vs. [Cl]<SUP>-</SUP>) demonstrated notable effect. </LI> </UL> </P>
Bakonyi, Pé,ter,Koó,k, Lá,szló,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Tó,th, Gá,bor,Ró,zsenberszki, Tamá,s,Nguyen, Dinh Duc,Chang, Soon Woong,Zhen, Guangyin,Bé,laf Elsevier 2018 Journal of membrane science Vol.564 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Significant advances in the design of bioelectrochemical systems (BES) have promoted these applications to be seen as contemporary biotechnological platforms. However, notable issues in system architecture are still to be addressed and overcome, in particular concerning the membrane separators, which rely widely on polymers. These architectural components play a key-role in facilitating the transport of ions (i.e. protons) between the (compartments containing the) electrodes and therefore, their properties substantially influence the overall BES performance. This article aims presenting an up-to-date survey on the important accomplishments and promising outlooks with polymer-based membranes (both porous/non-porous, charged/uncharged) applied in BES (first and foremost microbial fuel cells, MFCs) that could drive this technology towards enhanced efficiency. Because of the interdisciplinary concept of BES, it attracts attention from scientists and engineers involved in environmental biotechnology, microbial electrochemistry and applied material sciences and as a result, this review paper would target the audience of these fields with particular interest on the progress with membrane separators fabricated with various polymeric materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Critical membrane separator properties in BES are assessed. </LI> <LI> Techniques for membrane/separator characterization are outlined. </LI> <LI> Various polymer-based membranes/separators used in BES are discussed. </LI> <LI> Status and challenges for membrane development in BES are evaluated. </LI> </UL> </P>
One-to-many node-disjoint paths of hyper-star networks
Liptá,k, Lá,szló,Cheng, Eddie,Kim, Jong-Seok,Kim, Sung Won Elsevier 2012 Discrete Applied Mathematics Vol.160 No.13
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In practice, it is important to construct node-disjoint paths in networks, because they can be used to increase the transmission rate and enhance the transmission reliability. The hyper-star networks HS(2n,n) were introduced to be a competitive model for both the hypercubes and the star graphs. In this paper, one-to-many node-disjoint paths are constructed between a fixed node and n other nodes of HS(2n,n) such that each of these paths has length at most 4 more than the shortest path to that node. Moreover, their maximum length is not greater than the diameter+2.</P>
Beausir, Benoî,t,Biswas, Somjeet,Kim, Dong Ik,Tó,th, Lá,szló,S.,Suwas, Satyam Elsevier 2009 Acta materialia Vol.57 No.17
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Asymmetric rolling of commercially pure magnesium was carried out at three different temperatures: room temperature, 200°C and 350°C. Systematic analysis of microstructures, grain size distributions, texture and misorientation distributions were performed using electron backscattered diffraction in a field emission gun scanning electron microscope. The results were compared with conventional (symmetric) rolling carried out under the same conditions of temperature and strain rate. Simulations of deformation texture evolution were performed using the viscoplastic self-consistent polycrystal plasticity model. The main trends of texture evolution are faithfully reproduced by the simulations for the tests at room temperature. The deviations that appear for the textures obtained at high temperature can be explained by the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization. Finally, the mechanisms of texture evolution in magnesium during asymmetric and symmetric rolling are explained with the help of ideal orientations, grain velocity fields and divergence maps displayed in orientation space.</P>
<i>Graphis koreana</i> (<i>Graphidaceae, Ostropales</i>), a new species from South Korea
JOSHI, Santosh,KOH, Young Jin,LÖ,KÖ,S, Lá,szló,JAYALAL, Udeni,HUR, Jae-Seoun Cambridge University Press 2013 The Lichenologist Vol.45 No.5
<B>Abstract</B><P>A saxicolous <I>Graphis</I> discovered in the southern part of South Korea is described as new to science. The new species, <I>Graphis koreana</I> sp. nov., is characterized by a green to brownish green, thick, rimose thallus, completely carbonized proper exciple, trans-septate to submuriform ascospores and the presence of norstictic acid.</P>
Yıldırım, Muhammed A,Goh, Kwang-Il,Cusick, Michael E,Barabá,si, Albert-Lá,szló,Vidal, Marc Nature Pub. Co 2007 Nature biotechnology Vol.25 No.10
The global set of relationships between protein targets of all drugs and all disease-gene products in the human protein–protein interaction or 'interactome' network remains uncharacterized. We built a bipartite graph composed of US Food and Drug Administration–approved drugs and proteins linked by drug–target binary associations. The resulting network connects most drugs into a highly interlinked giant component, with strong local clustering of drugs of similar types according to Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification. Topological analyses of this network quantitatively showed an overabundance of 'follow-on' drugs, that is, drugs that target already targeted proteins. By including drugs currently under investigation, we identified a trend toward more functionally diverse targets improving polypharmacology. To analyze the relationships between drug targets and disease-gene products, we measured the shortest distance between both sets of proteins in current models of the human interactome network. Significant differences in distance were found between etiological and palliative drugs. A recent trend toward more rational drug design was observed.
A combinatorial constraint satisfaction problem dichotomy classification conjecture
Neš,etř,il, Jaroslav,Siggers, Mark H.,Zá,dori, Lá,szló Elsevier 2010 European journal of combinatorics : Journal europ& Vol.31 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We further generalise a construction–the <I>fibre construction</I>–that was developed in an earlier paper of the first two authors. The extension in this paper gives a polynomial-time reduction of CSP(H) for any relational system H to CSP(P) for any relational system P that meets a certain technical partition condition, that of being <SUB>K3</SUB>-<I>partitionable</I>.</P><P>Moreover, we define an equivalent condition on P, that of being <I>block projective</I>, and using this show that our construction proves NP-completeness for exactly those CSPs that are conjectured to be NP-complete by the CSP dichotomy classification conjecture made by Bulatov, Jeavons and Krohkin, and by Larose and Zádori. We thus provide two new combinatorial versions of the CSP dichotomy classification conjecture.</P><P>As with our previous version of the fibre construction, we are able to address restricted versions of the dichotomy conjecture. In particular, we reduce the Feder–Hell–Huang conjecture to the CSP dichotomy classification conjecture, and we prove the Kostochka–Nešetřil–Smolíková conjecture. Although these results were proved independently by Jonsson et al. and Kun respectively, we give different, shorter, proofs.</P>