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Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis Is Modulated via a Transcription Factor Cascade of COG1, PIF4, and PIF5
Wei, Zhuoyun,Yuan, Tong,Tarkowsksx30c,ax301,, Danusx30c,e,Kim, Jeongsik,Nam, Hong Gil,Novsx30c,ax301,rx30c,ax301,k, Ondsx30c,ax301,rx30c,ej,He, Kai,Gou, Xiaoping,Li, Jia American Society of Plant Biologists 2017 Plant Physiology Vol.174 No.2
<P>Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential phytohormones regulating various developmental and physiological processes during normal growth and development. cog1-3D (cogwheel1-3D) was identified as an activation-tagged genetic modifier of bri1-5, an intermediate BR receptor mutant in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). COG1 encodes a Dof-type transcription factor found previously to act as a negative regulator of the phytochrome signaling pathway. cog1-3D single mutants show an elongated hypocotyl phenotype under light conditions. A loss-of-function mutant or inducible expression of a dominant negative form of COG1 in the wild type results in an opposite phenotype. A BR profile assay indicated that BR levels are elevated in cog1-3D seedlings. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that several key BR biosynthetic genes are significantly up-regulated in cog1-3D compared with those of the wild type. Two basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, PIF4 and PIF5, were found to be transcriptionally up-regulated in cog1-3D. Genetic analysis indicated that PIF4 and PIF5 were required for COG1 to promote BR biosynthesis and hypocotyl elongation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that COG1 binds to the promoter regions of PIF4 and PIF5, and PIF4 and PIF5 bind to the promoter regions of key BR biosynthetic genes, such as DWF4 and BR6ox2, to directly promote their expression. These results demonstrated that COG1 regulates BR biosynthesis via up-regulating the transcription of PIF4 and PIF5.</P>
Rossi, Daniel,Camacho-Forero, Luis E.,Ramos-Sax301,nchez, Guadalupe,Han, Jae Hyo,Cheon, Jinwoo,Balbuena, Perla,Son, Dong Hee American Chemical Society 2015 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.119 No.13
<P>Atomically thin layered transition metal dichalcogenides with highly anisotropic structure exhibit strong anisotropy in various material properties. Here, we report the anisotropic coupling between the interband optical transition and coherent acoustic phonon excited by ultrashort optical excitation in a colloidal solution of multilayered TiS2 nanodiscs. The transient absorption signal from the diameter- and thickness-controlled TiS2 nanodiscs dispersed in solution exhibited an oscillatory feature, which is attributed to the modulation of the interband absorption peak by the intralayer breathing mode. However, the signature of the interlayer acoustic phonon was not observed, while it has been previously observed in noncolloidal exfoliated sheets of MoS2. The dominance of the intralayer mode in modulating the interband optical transition was supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the optical absorption spectra of TiS2, which showed the stronger sensitivity of the interband absorption peak in the visible region to the in-plane strain than to the out-of-plane strain.</P>
Farré,, Marta,Kim, Jaebum,Proskuryakova, Anastasia A.,Zhang, Yang,Kulemzina, Anastasia I.,Li, Qiye,Zhou, Yang,Xiong, Yingqi,Johnson, Jennifer L.,Perelman, Polina L.,Johnson, Warren E.,Warren, We Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2019 Genome research Vol.29 No.4
<P>The role of chromosome rearrangements in driving evolution has been a long-standing question of evolutionary biology. Here we focused on ruminants as a model to assess how rearrangements may have contributed to the evolution of gene regulation. Using reconstructed ancestral karyotypes of Cetartiodactyls, Ruminants, Pecorans, and Bovids, we traced patterns of gross chromosome changes. We found that the lineage leading to the ruminant ancestor after the split from other cetartiodactyls was characterized by mostly intrachromosomal changes, whereas the lineage leading to the pecoran ancestor (including all livestock ruminants) included multiple interchromosomal changes. We observed that the liver cell putative enhancers in the ruminant evolutionary breakpoint regions are highly enriched for DNA sequences under selective constraint acting on lineage-specific transposable elements (TEs) and a set of 25 specific transcription factor (TF) binding motifs associated with recently active TEs. Coupled with gene expression data, we found that genes near ruminant breakpoint regions exhibit more divergent expression profiles among species, particularly in cattle, which is consistent with the phylogenetic origin of these breakpoint regions. This divergence was significantly greater in genes with enhancers that contain at least one of the 25 specific TF binding motifs and located near bovidae-to-cattle lineage breakpoint regions. Taken together, by combining ancestral karyotype reconstructions with analysis of <I>cis</I> regulatory element and gene expression evolution, our work demonstrated that lineage-specific regulatory elements colocalized with gross chromosome rearrangements may have provided valuable functional modifications that helped to shape ruminant evolution.</P>
Mangoni, Matteo E.,Traboulsie, Achraf,Leoni, Anne-Laure,Couette, Brigitte,Marger, Laurine,Le Quang, Khai,Kupfer, Elodie,Cohen-Solal, Anne,Vilar, José,Shin, Hee-Sup,Escande, Denis,Charpentier, Fl Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2006 Circulation research Vol.98 No.11
<P>The generation of the mammalian heartbeat is a complex and vital function requiring multiple and coordinated ionic channel activities. The functional role of low-voltage activated (LVA) T-type calcium channels in the pacemaker activity of the sinoatrial node (SAN) is, to date, unresolved. Here we show that disruption of the gene coding for CaV3.1/alpha1G T-type calcium channels (cacna1g) abolishes T-type calcium current (I(Ca,T)) in isolated cells from the SAN and the atrioventricular node without affecting the L-type Ca2+ current (I(Ca,L)). By using telemetric electrocardiograms on unrestrained mice and intracardiac recordings, we find that cacna1g inactivation causes bradycardia and delays atrioventricular conduction without affecting the excitability of the right atrium. Consistently, no I(Ca,T) was detected in right atrium myocytes in both wild-type and CaV3.1(-/-) mice. Furthermore, inactivation of cacna1g significantly slowed the intrinsic in vivo heart rate, prolonged the SAN recovery time, and slowed pacemaker activity of individual SAN cells through a reduction of the slope of the diastolic depolarization. Our results demonstrate that CaV3.1/T-type Ca2+ channels contribute to SAN pacemaker activity and atrioventricular conduction.</P>
Syngas Purification by Porous Amino-Functionalized Titanium Terephthalate MIL-125
Regufe, Maria Joax303,o,Tamajon, Javier,Ribeiro, Ana M.,Ferreira, Alexandre,Lee, U-Hwang,Hwang, Young Kyu,Chang, Jong-San,Serre, Christian,Loureiro, José,M.,Rodrigues, Alix301,rio E. American Chemical Society 2015 ENERGY AND FUELS Vol.29 No.7
<P>The adsorption equilibrium of carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen (N<SUB>2</SUB>), methane (CH<SUB>4</SUB>), and hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) was studied at 303, 323, and 343 K and pressures up to 7 bar in titanium-based metal–organic framework (MOF) granulates, amino-functionalized titanium terephthalate MIL-125(Ti)_NH<SUB>2</SUB>. The affinity of the different adsorbates toward the adsorbent presented the following order: CO<SUB>2</SUB> > CH<SUB>4</SUB> > CO > N<SUB>2</SUB> > H<SUB>2</SUB>, from the most adsorbed to the least adsorbed component. Subsequently, adsorption kinetics and multicomponent adsorption equilibrium were studied by means of single, binary, and ternary breakthrough curves at 323 K and 4.5 bar with different feed mixtures. Both studies are complementary and aim the syngas purification for two different applications, hydrogen production and H<SUB>2</SUB>/CO composition adjustment, to be used as feed in the Fischer–Tropsch processes. The isosteric heats were calculated from the adsorption equilibrium isotherms and are 21.9 kJ mol<SUP>–1</SUP> for CO<SUB>2</SUB>, 14.6 kJ mol<SUP>–1</SUP> for CH<SUB>4</SUB>, 13.4 kJ mol<SUP>–1</SUP> for CO, and 11.7 kJ mol<SUP>–1</SUP> for N<SUB>2</SUB>. In the overall pressure and temperature range, the adsorption equilibrium isotherms were well-regressed against the Langmuir model. The multicomponent breakthrough experimental results allowed for validation of the adsorption equilibrium predicted by the multicomponent extension of the Langmuir isotherm and validation of the fixed-bed mathematical model. To conclude, two pressure swing adsorption (PSA) cycles were designed and performed experimentally, one for hydrogen purification from a 30/70% CO<SUB>2</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB> mixture (hydrogen purity was 100% with a recovery of 23.5%) and a second PSA cycle to obtain a light product with a H<SUB>2</SUB>/CO ratio between 2.2 and 2.4 to feed to Fischer–Tropsch processes. The experimental cycle produced a light stream with a H<SUB>2</SUB>/CO ratio of 2.3 and a CO<SUB>2</SUB>-enriched stream with 86.6% purity as a heavy product. The CO<SUB>2</SUB> recovery was 93.5%.</P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ef5b00975'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Park, Myoung-Hwan,Reax301,tegui, Eduardo,Li, Wei,Tessier, Shannon N.,Wong, Keith H. K.,Jensen, Anne E.,Thapar, Vishal,Ting, David,Toner, Mehmet,Stott, Shannon L.,Hammond, Paula T. American Chemical Society 2017 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.139 No.7
<P>The detection of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients has the potential to be a powerful and noninvasive method for examining metastasis, evaluating prognosis, assessing tumor sensitivity to drugs, and monitoring therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we have developed an efficient strategy to isolate CTCs from the blood of breast cancer patients using a microfluidic immune-affinity approach. Additionally, to gain further access to these rare cells for downstream characterization, our strategy allows for easy detachment of the captured CTCs from the substrate without compromising cell viability or the ability to employ next generation RNA sequencing for the identification of specific breast cancer genes. To achieve this, a chemical ligand-exchange reaction was engineered to release cells attached to a gold nanoparticle coating bound to the surface of a herringbone microfluidic chip (NP-(CTC)-C-HB-Chip). Compared to the use of the unmodified (CTC)-C-HB-Chip, our approach provides several advantages, including enhanced capture efficiency and recovery of isolated CTCs.</P>
Selenoprotein Gene Nomenclature
Gladyshev, Vadim N.,Arné,r, Elias S.,Berry, Marla J.,Brigelius-Flohé,é,, Regina,Bruford, Elspeth A.,Burk, Raymond F.,Carlson, Bradley A.,Castellano, Sergi,Chavatte, Laurent,Conrad, M American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2016 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.291 No.46
<P>The human genome contains 25 genes coding for selenocysteine-containing proteins (selenoproteins). These proteins are involved in a variety of functions, most notably redox homeostasis. Selenoprotein enzymes with known functions are designated according to these functions: TXNRD1, TXNRD2, and TXNRD3 (thioredoxin reductases), GPX1, GPX2, GPX3, GPX4, and GPX6 (glutathione peroxidases), DIO1, DIO2, and DIO3 (iodothyronine deiodinases), MSRB1 (methionine sulfoxide reductase B1), and SEPHS2 (selenophosphate synthetase 2). Selenoproteins without known functions have traditionally been denoted by SEL or SEP symbols. However, these symbols are sometimes ambiguous and conflict with the approved nomenclature for several other genes. Therefore, there is a need to implement a rational and coherent nomenclature system for selenoprotein-encoding genes. Our solution is to use the root symbol SELENO followed by a letter. This nomenclature applies to SELENOF (selenoprotein F, the 15-kDa selenoprotein, SEP15), SELENOH (selenoprotein H, SELH, C11orf31), SELENOI (selenoprotein I, SELI, EPT1), SELENOK (selenoprotein K, SELK), SELENOM (selenoprotein M, SELM), SELENON (selenoprotein N, SEPN1, SELN), SELENOO (selenoprotein O, SELO), SELENOP (selenoprotein P, SeP, SEPP1, SELP), SELENOS (selenoprotein S, SELS, SEPS1, VIMP), SELENOT (selenoprotein T, SELT), SELENOV (selenoprotein V, SELV), and SELENOW (selenoprotein W, SELW, SEPW1). This system, approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, also resolves conflicting, missing, and ambiguous designations for selenoprotein genes and is applicable to selenoproteins across vertebrates.</P>
Moreira, MarianaA.,Santos, Joax303,o C.,Ferreira, Alexandre F. P.,Loureiro, José,M.,Ragon, Florence,Horcajada, Patricia,Shim, Kyu-E.,Hwang, Young-K.,Lee, U.-Hwang,Chang, Jong-S.,Serre, Christi American ChemicalSociety 2012 Langmuir Vol.28 No.13
<P>Powder, agglomerates, and tablets of the microporous zirconium(IV)terephthalate metal–organic framework UiO-66 were evaluatedfor the selective adsorption and separation of xylene isomers in theliquid phase using <I>n</I>-heptane as the eluent. Pulseexperiments, performed at 313 K in the presence of <I>n</I>-heptane, revealed the <I>o</I>-xylene preference of thismaterial, which was further confirmed by binary and multicomponentbreakthrough experiments in the presence of <I>m</I>- and <I>p</I>-xylene, resulting in selectivities at 313 K of 1.8 and2.4 with regards to <I>m</I>-xylene and <I>p</I>-xylene, respectively. Additionally, because <I>p</I>-xyleneis the less retained isomer, UiO-66 presents a selectivity patternthat is reverse of that of the xylenes' molecular dimension with respectto shape selectivity. The shaping of the material as tablets did notsignificantly change its selectivity toward the <I>o</I>-xylene isomer or toward <I>p</I>-xylene, which was theless retained isomer, despite a loss in capacity. Finally, the selectivitybehavior of UiO-66 in the liquid <I>n</I>-heptane phasemakes it a suitable material for <I>o</I>-xylene separationin the extract (heavy product) or <I>p</I>-xylene separationin the raffinate (light product) by simulated moving bed technology.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2012/langd5.2012.28.issue-13/la3004118/production/images/medium/la-2012-004118_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la3004118'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>