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The multiple merger assembly of a hyperluminous obscured quasar at redshift 4.6
Dí,az-Santos, T.,Assef, R. J.,Blain, A. W.,Aravena, M.,Stern, D.,Tsai, C.-W.,Eisenhardt, P.,Wu, J.,Jun, H. D.,Dibert, K.,Inami, H.,Lansbury, G.,Leclercq, F. American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2018 Science Vol.362 No.6418
<P><B>Mergers drive a powerful dusty quasar</B></P><P>Massive galaxies in the early Universe host supermassive black holes at their centers. When material falls toward the black hole, it releases energy and is observed as a quasar. Astronomers found a population of powerful distant quasars that are obscured by dust, but it has been unclear how they are formed. Díaz-Santos <I>et al.</I> observed the dust-obscured quasar WISE J224607.56-052634.9 at submillimeter wavelengths, finding three small companion galaxies connected to the quasar by bridges of gas and dust. They inferred that galaxy mergers can provide both the raw material to power a quasar and large quantities of dust to obscure it.</P><P><I>Science</I>, this issue p. 1034</P><P>Galaxy mergers and gas accretion from the cosmic web drove the growth of galaxies and their central black holes at early epochs. We report spectroscopic imaging of a multiple merger event in the most luminous known galaxy, WISE J224607.56−052634.9 (W2246−0526), a dust-obscured quasar at redshift 4.6, 1.3 billion years after the Big Bang. Far-infrared dust continuum observations show three galaxy companions around W2246−0526 with disturbed morphologies, connected by streams of dust likely produced by the dynamical interaction. The detection of tidal dusty bridges shows that W2246−0526 is accreting its neighbors, suggesting that merger activity may be a dominant mechanism through which the most luminous galaxies simultaneously obscure and feed their central supermassive black holes.</P>
Maria Luiza dos Santos Vieira,Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca,Larissa Grossi Costa,Registila Libania Beltrame,Carolina Machado de Sousa Chaves,Jairo Cartum,Sarah Isabel P. M. do N. Alves,Ligia Ajaime Az 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.1
The drugs used in chemotherapy treatments have little specificity, attack tumor cells, and also injure proliferative tissues. Knowledge of the functions of micronutrients has greatly increased, especially of Selenium (Se) that presents immunomodulatory and antitumor functions. The present study evaluated the health-related quality of life of patients undergoing chemotherapy for the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas (LL) and solid tumors (ST) while receiving Selenium (Se) supplementation. This is a randomized, double-blind, crossover study that evaluated the quality of life (EORTC-QLQC30 questionnaire), renal and liver functions of patients supplemented with Se. There was no statistically significant alteration in LL patients. However, the fatigue and nausea scores after 30 days did decrease in this group as well as in the ST group. After 1 year supplementation with Selenium, a more noticeable decrease in the scores concerning fatigue and nausea could be observed in the ST group, when compared with the beginning of the study. The LL patients also presented a decrease in the fatigue scores and physical functions. The kidney function as well as liver function has improved after Selenium supplementation when compared with the placebo intake in LL and ST patients, more remarkably in the LL group. Supplementation with Selenium promotes the reduction of chemotherapy side effects in cancer patients, especially by improving the conditions of patients with fatigue, nausea, and impaired physical function. Renal and liver functions have also improved.
Dye-Perfused Human Placenta for Simulation in a Microsurgery Laboratory for Plastic Surgeons
Zambrano-Jerez Laura C.,Díaz-Santamaría Karen D.,Rodríguez-Santos María A.,Alarcón-Ariza Diego F.,Meléndez-Flórez Genny L.,Ramírez-Blanco Mónica A. 대한성형외과학회 2023 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.50 No.6
In recent decades, a number of simulation models for microsurgical training have been published. The human placenta has received extensive validation in microneurosurgery and is a useful instrument to facilitate learning in microvascular repair techniques as an alternative to using live animals. This study uses a straightforward, step-by-step procedure for instructing the creation of simulators with dynamic flow to characterize the placental vascular tree and assess its relevance for plastic surgery departments. Measurements of the placental vasculature and morphological characterization of 18 placentas were made. After the model was used in a basic microsurgery training laboratory session, a survey was given to nine plastic surgery residents, two microsurgeons, and one hand surgeon. In all divisions, venous diameters were larger than arterial diameters, with minimum diameters of 0.8 and 0.6 mm, respectively. The majority of the participants considered that the model faithfully reproduces a real microsurgical scenario; the consistency of the vessels and their dissection are similar in in vivo tissue. Furthermore, all the participants considered that this model could improve their surgical technique and would propose it for microsurgical training. As some of the model's disadvantages, an abundantly thick adventitia, a thin tunica media, and higher adherence to the underlying tissue were identified. The color-perfused placenta is an excellent tool for microsurgical training in plastic surgery. It can faithfully reproduce a microsurgical scenario, offering an abundance of vasculature with varying sizes similar to tissue in vivo, enhancing technical proficiency, and lowering patient error.
Super-Eddington Accretion in the <i>WISE</i>-selected Extremely Luminous Infrared Galaxy W2246−0526
Tsai, Chao-Wei,Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.,Jun, Hyunsung D.,Wu, Jingwen,Assef, Roberto J.,Blain, Andrew W.,Dí,az-Santos, Tanio,Jones, Suzy F.,Stern, Daniel,Wright, Edward L.,Yeh, Sherry C. C. American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.868 No.1