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Ziya Lan,Huiling Huang,Chenyang Liu,Jincai Li,Xueling Li 한국식품과학회 2024 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.33 No.6
Animal intestines is considered as a source of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that have potential to decrease the nitrite level during fermentation of food such as pickles. It was hypothesized that optimized level of LAB has a high capacity to degrade nitrite during Chinese pickle fermentation and benefit a higher acceptability of the Chinese pickle product. This study aims to investigate the performance of a goose intestine-isolated LAB strain G6 under the species Lactiplantibacillus plantarum as a starter culture of Chinese pickles. The results showed that Lactiplantibacillus sp. G6 had a nitrite degradation rate close to 100% under the MRS broth condition of 25 °C, 2% inoculum volume and pH at 5. As a starter culture for Chinese pickle, this strain was able to achieve a higher LABs amount, lower nitrite residue after fermentation, compared with the group without the starter, which implicates its feasibility of applying on fermented food for reducing nitrite level.
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Ziya Ozkan,Ahmet M. Hava 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
The selection and sizing of the dc-bus capacitor for applications utilizing three-phase PWM operated voltage source inverters (VSIs), such as grid connected photovoltaic systems and motor drives are presented based on the spectral characteristics of the dc-bus current. The characterization is provided for two and three-level VSIs (2/3L-VSIs) for popular PWM methods with modulation index (Mi) and the phase angle (φ) being variable. Based on the spectral characteristics, normalized dc-bus ripple current RMS values (Kdc) are obtained which are used to calculate thermal characteristics of the dc-bus capacitor. Similarly, the dc-bus voltage ripple characteristics are provided in a normalized manner so that they can be adapted to intended design for voltage ripple calculation. Then, considering the thermal and voltage ripple constraints, a thorough algorithm for dc-bus capacitor design is provided and illustrated through examples. The proposed approach constitutes simple and rigorous guide to design dc-bus capacitors for 2/3L-VSIs.
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Ziya Ozkan,Ahmet M. Hava 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
In this paper, two-level and three-level voltage source inverters (2/3L-VSIs) with popular pulse width modulation (PWM) methods are investigated in terms of their output (ac-side) voltage and current ripple spectral characteristics and waveform quality properties such as peak-to-peak ripple, rms ripple, and weighted total harmonic distortion. As the switching frequency and the filter size influence the output waveform quality, the inverter efficiency (loss) constraint on the switching frequency, and the size constraint on the filter are also taken into consideration. The waveform quality properties and power converter losses are characterized in normalized form for all possible VSI topology and PWM method pairs and the utilization of characterization results are illustrated through 20 kVA and 100kVA grid connected photovoltaic inverter application examples. The performance results are evaluated and comparisons provided. The performance advantage of advanced topologies and PWM methods and their matched pairs is shown. The study aids understanding the 2/3L-VSI output waveform quality attributes and establishes analytical and algorithmic design guidelines for inverter design.
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Ziya Ozkan,Ahmet M. Hava 전력전자학회 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.1
Grid-connected transformerless photovoltaic (PV) inverters (TPVIs) are increasingly dominating the market due to their higher efficiency, lower cost, lighter weight, and reduced size when compared to their transformer based counterparts. However, due to the lack of galvanic isolation in the low voltage grid interconnections of these inverters, the PV systems become vulnerable to leakage currents flowing through the grounded star point of the distribution transformer, the earth, and the distributed parasitic capacitance of the PV modules. These leakage currents are prohibitive, since they constitute an issue for safety, reliability, protection coordination, electromagnetic compatibility, and module lifetime. This paper investigates a wide range of multi-kW range power rating TPVI topologies and classifies them in terms of their leakage current attributes. This systematic classification places most topologies under a small number of classes with basic leakage current attributes. Thus, understanding and evaluating these topologies becomes an easy task. In addition, based on these observations, new topologies with reduced leakage current characteristics are proposed in this paper. Furthermore, the important efficiency and cost determining characteristics of converters are studied to allow design engineers to include cost and efficiency as deciding factors in selecting a converter topology for PV applications.
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Ziya Ozgur Yazici,Aytekin Hitit,Yilmaz Yalcin,Metin Ozgul 대한금속·재료학회 2016 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.22 No.1
Effect of Cu and Si substitutions for Co and B on the glass forming ability (GFA) of Co(43-x)CuxFe20Ta5.5B(31.5-x)Siy (x=0-1.5 and y=5-10) were systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. In order to evaluate the contribution of copper and silicon, appropriate amounts of copper and silicon were individually introduced to the base alloy composition. By using the effects of copper and silicon together, significant enhancement was obtained and the critical casting thickness (CCT) of the base alloy was increased three times from 2 mm to 6 mm. Moreover, mechanical properties of the alloys were examined by compression tests and Vickers hardness measurements. The compression test results revealed that the glassy alloys having enhanced GFA shows high strength of about 3500- 4000 MPa. In addition, existence of (Co,Fe)2B and (Co,Fe)20.82Ta2.18B6 crystalline phases in glassy matrix influences the hardnesses of the alloys compared to monolitic glassy structure having hardness of about 1200 Hv.
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A Load Balancing Protocol for IP Based Pervasive Networks
Ali Ziya Alkar,John ?efik Roach 한국산학기술학회 2012 SmartCR Vol.2 No.5
IP based solutions without network routers are becoming popular as the need to lower complexity and maintenance cost emerges. The systems without a central server are relatively inexpensive and easier to configure per each system environment. The only necessity is to be at close proximity to a direct internet connection. In this way the home/industrial automation systems could be accessed and controlled through a direct internet connection directly even in dynamic IP configurations. In addition there are advances where the communication between devices is made possible. Communication between IP based pervasive devices may load the server used while relaying the data from one device to another. This study looks at load-balancing issues of the IP based pervasive devices among intercommunicating units. The suggested methodology has been tested on an IP based pervasive system.
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볜쯔야 ( Ziya Bian ),손원준 ( Wonjun Son ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2022 한국디자인포럼 Vol.27 No.4
Background When people experience space, vision plays a vital role. In order to better experience the space and receive the spatial information of color, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of color of the exhibition space in stores with objective methods. The purpose of this study is to understand color characteristics and spatial color distribution characteristics of the Nike brand through eye-tracking technology. Methods The present study used a literature review, an IRI image scale color sensibility scale, and an eye-tracking technique. The color of both the brand and the exhibition of Nike were extracted via the IRI image color sensibility scale, and the eye-tracking technique was used for the fixation sequence of colors. Result From the experiment of eye-tracking, the colors of the exhibition space had the distributional features of the gaze order. In the case of having dark colors as background in the exhibition space, it was easier to focus on the products of bright and high saturation colors, while in the case of having cold colors as background, the products of warm colors were easier to see. Conclusion The present study captures the distributional features of the spatial colors by analyzing the gaze path order of colors of Nike in the exhibition space. The results can be used for more other fashion brands like Nike, to provide them with strategic information of space displacement, and thus contribute to the systematic planning of brands and the effective promotion of the brand image.
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Ozkan, Ziya,Hava, Ahmet M. The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.1
Grid-connected transformerless photovoltaic (PV) inverters (TPVIs) are increasingly dominating the market due to their higher efficiency, lower cost, lighter weight, and reduced size when compared to their transformer based counterparts. However, due to the lack of galvanic isolation in the low voltage grid interconnections of these inverters, the PV systems become vulnerable to leakage currents flowing through the grounded star point of the distribution transformer, the earth, and the distributed parasitic capacitance of the PV modules. These leakage currents are prohibitive, since they constitute an issue for safety, reliability, protection coordination, electromagnetic compatibility, and module lifetime. This paper investigates a wide range of multi-kW range power rating TPVI topologies and classifies them in terms of their leakage current attributes. This systematic classification places most topologies under a small number of classes with basic leakage current attributes. Thus, understanding and evaluating these topologies becomes an easy task. In addition, based on these observations, new topologies with reduced leakage current characteristics are proposed in this paper. Furthermore, the important efficiency and cost determining characteristics of converters are studied to allow design engineers to include cost and efficiency as deciding factors in selecting a converter topology for PV applications.
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Tahira Amer Bashir Ziya,Muhammad Naeem Ashiq,고재현,Farooq Bashir,Ghulam Shabbir 한국물리학회 2020 새물리 Vol.70 No.2
The Thermal properties of nano-crystalline CeO2, FeO, MgO, Ho2O3, NiO and Y2O3, prepared by using the co-precipitation method, have been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) at room temperature. The integrated intensity data obtained from the X-ray diffraction experiments was utilized to determine the temperature factor (B(T)), mean square amplitude of vibration (u2(T)), Debye temperature (D), melting point (Tm) and activation energy for vacancy formation (Ef ). The values of (B(T)) and (u2(T)) in the present case were found to be large while the values of D and Ef were found to be lower than the corresponding values reported for the binary oxides with large particle sizes. This suggests that a decrease in particle size from micro to nano-scale may induce weakening of the bonds. On a nano-scale as compared to ordinary size, the values of the melting points were found be higher for the heavier atomic oxides.
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