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Junhui Zhu,Zhiwei Tan,Weijun Yang 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.8
A series of conjugated metalloporphyrin polymers (MPP-AMnPs) were synthesized by using inexpensive, environmentally friendly and high-efficiency CuI/N,N-dimethyl glycine as catalytic system, and 5,10,15,20-mesotetra(4-aminophenyl) porphyrin manganese and p-dibromobenzene as building blocks. Scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and scanning electron microscopy indicated that the polymers had large surface areas and homogeneous microporous structures. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the polymers had remarkable thermostability. The catalytic performance of MPP-AMnP was tested by oxidizing cyclic ketones with dioxygen as oxidant. The conversion was high in a mild environment in l,2-dichloroethane solvent at 60 °C. Moreover, MPPAMnP remained stable in the reaction process and highly catalytically active after ten successive recycles.
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Li Lun,Sun Liuqiao,Liang Xiaoping,Ou Qian,Tan Xuying,Li Fangyuan,Lai Zhiwei,Ding Chenghe,Chen Hangjun,Yu Xinxue,Wu Qiongmei,Wei Jun,Wu Feng,Wang Lijun 한국영양학회 2023 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.17 No.6
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Previous research has shown maternal betaine supplementation alleviates fetal-derived hepatic steatosis. Therefore, this study examined the anti-inflammatory effect of maternal betaine intake in offspring mice and its mechanism. MATERIALS/METHODS: Female C57BL/6J mice and their offspring were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the treatment received during gestation and lactation: control diet (CD), fatty liver disease (FLD), and fatty liver disease + 1% betaine (FLD-BET). The FLD group was given a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD + STZ), and the FLD-BET group was treated with HFD + STZ + 1% betaine. After weaning, the offspring mice were given a normal diet for 5 weeks and then dissected to measure the relevant indexes. RESULTS: Compared to the CD group, the offspring mice in the FLD group revealed obvious hepatic steatosis and increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; maternal betaine supplementation reversed these changes. The hepatic mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-18, and Caspase-1 were significantly higher in the FLD group than in the CD group. Maternal betaine supplementation reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC). Maternal betaine supplementation also reversed the increasing protein expressions of nitric oxide dioxygenase-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in offspring mice exposed to HFD + STZ. Maternal betaine supplementation decreased the homocysteine (Hcy) and s-adenosine homocysteine (SAH) levels significantly in the livers. Furthermore, the hepatic Hcy concentrations showed significant inverse relationships with the mRNA expression of TNF-α, NLRP3, ASC, and IL-18. The hepatic SAH concentration was inversely associated with the IL-1β mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: The lipotropic and anti-inflammatory effect of maternal betaine supplementation may be associated with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in the livers of the offspring mice.
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