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        Simulation and performance evaluation of the anoxic/anaerobic/aerobic process for biological nutrient removal

        Zhen Zhou,Zhichao Wu,Zhiwei Wang,Shujuan Tang,Guowei Gu,Luochun Wang,Yingjun Wang,Zhiling Xin 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.5

        As a modified configuration of the conventional anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (AAO) process, a novel anoxic/anaerobic/aerobic (Reversed AAO, RAAO) process has been extensively applied in domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). In this study, the Activated Sludge Model No. 2d (ASM2d) and a secondary clarifier model were calibrated and applied to simulate a pilot-scale RAAO test and evaluate the operational performance of the RAAO process. For calibration of the biological model ASM2d, only four kinetic parameters were adjusted to accurately simulate in-process variations of ammonium, nitrate and phosphate. Simulation results by the calibrated model demonstrated that phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAO) in the RAAO process (0.243 gP·(gCOD)^−1) contains less poly-phosphate than the AAO process (0.266 gP·(gCOD)^−1). With the increasing mixed liquor recirculation ratio in the RAAO process,the fraction of heterotrophic biomass and autotrophic biomass both increased, whereas the PAO decreased owing to adverse effects of electron acceptors on phosphorus release and poly-hydroxy-alkanoates synthesis.

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        Effects of Grouting Defects in a Duct on the Bonding of Prestressing Strands

        Rong Guo,Zhichao Zhen,Shaowei Zhao,Cunan Li 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.4

        Insufficient grouting has a great effect on the bonding performance of pressing stand for a post-tensioned prestressed concrete beam, which leads to a decrease of beam’s bending capacity. This study focused on the influence of defects of local grouting length and grouting fullness on the prestressing strand’s bond performance. The prestressing strand pull-out test was used to evaluate the bonding performance of pressing stand with different defects of local grouting length and grouting fullness. The results indicate that two forms of grouting defects reduce the bonding properties of a prestressing strand, when the slip of the free end of prestressing strand is 0.12 mm (s = 0.12 mm), the bond stress decreases briefly. To analyze the bonding mechanism of the prepressing strand in duct, the bond stresses τ0 and τu at s = 0.12 mm and s = 25 mm were adopted as the characteristic parameters of bond stress to deduce the calculation formula of the bond strength by fitting the test data. A bond-slip constitutive model of prestressing strand in duct under two classes defects was proposed by improving the modified Eligehausen, Popov and Bertero (BPE) model of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars.

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