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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Zhaoa, X.G. (검색결과 3 건)
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Variations of Immunoglobulins in Colostrum and Immune Milk as Affected by Antigen Releasing Devices
Zhaoa, Shengguo,Zhanga, Chungang,Wang, Jiaqi,Liu, Guanglei,Bu, Dengpan,Cheng, Jinbo,Zhou, Lingyun Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.9
This work was conducted to examine the variation of immunoglobulins (Igs) in serum, immune milk, normal milk and colostrum upon implantation of a new Antigen Releasing Device (ARD). The core of each ARD housed an immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) that was made of adjuvant Quil A and type XIII lipase from a Pseudomonas sp. Each ARD was coated with polylactic acid, known as polylactide, that controls antigen release. Twenty lactating Chinese Holstein cows were divided into 2 groups (n = 10): test group and control group. All cows in the test group were implanted with a single injection in the right iliac lymph node with 3 types of ARDs, which were designed to release the antigens at d 0, 14 and 28 post-implantation. Blood and milk samples were collected from both groups, and colostrum samples were also collected from other post-partum cows in the same farm. Concentrations of $IgG_1$, IgA and IgM in whey and serum were measured by sandwich ELISA. The results showed that the $IgG_1$, IgA and IgM concentrations in serum and whey from the test group were higher than from the control group. Among the three Igs measured, the $IgG_1$ concentration in serum was significantly higher at d 40 after ARD implantation, and the $IgG_1$ concentration in whey peaked at d 9, 17 and 30, which corresponded with release of the antigen. Based on Pearson's correlation between Ig concentration and production parameters, IgA concentration in normal milk was positively correlated with lactation period, which reflected IgA changes during the lactation period in immune milk. In colostrum, $IgG_1$, IgA and IgM decreased abruptly from d 0 to 3, and then decreased slightly. In conclusion, serum $IgG_1$ concentration can be affected by controlled release of the ARD, while whey IgA levels are primarily affected by lactation period. These results may be useful in future studies designed to regulate concentrations of Igs in immune milk.
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Wanga, M.,Zhaoa, X.G.,Tan, Z.L.,Tang, S.X.,Zhou, C.S.,Sun, Z.H.,Han, X.F.,Wang, C.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.8
Effects of increasing dietary rice straw on chewing activity, ruminal fermentation, and fibrolytic enzyme activity in growing goats were investigated in a $4{\times}4$ Latin Square experiment. The goats were offered four diets with an increasing proportion of rice straw (i.e. 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20, respectively, on dry matter basis). Increasing level of rice straw increased ($P_{linear\;effect}$ <0.05) the time spent on eating, ruminating, and chewing. The ruminal pH and acetate: propionate ratio were increased ($P_{linear\;effect}$ <0.05), while the $NH_3$-N concentration was decreased ($P_{linear\;effect}$ <0.01). Increasing level of rice straw in the diet increased ($P_{linear\;effect}{\leq}0.01$) molar proportion of acetate and isovalerate, and decreased ($P_{linear\;effect}$ <0.01) molar proportion of propionate. The CMCase, xylanase and cellobiase activities in the rumen were decreased ($P_{linear\;effect}$ <0.05) with increasing level of dietary rice straw, whereas the avicelase activity was increased ($P_{linear\;effect}$ <0.01). In summary, increased level of rice straw elevated the dietary neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content in the diet and had a great impact on chewing activity and ruminal fermentation.
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Hongxia Wang,Leimei Sheng,Xinluo Zhaoa,Kang An,Zhongmin Ou,Yanghao Fang 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.8
In this study, Pt-Pd nanoparticles (NPs) supported on few-layer graphene (FLG) have been firstly prepared by one-step arc discharge evaporation of carbon electrodes containing both Pt and Pd elements. The few-layer graphene and Pt-Pd nanoparticles were achieved simultaneously through the evaporation process. After a hightemperature hydrogen treatment, the Pt-Pd/graphene was applied in the study of methanol oxidation in direct methanol fuel cell. The total weight of electrocatalyst keeps 2 wt% of the electrode. The sample with a mass ratio of Pt:Pd=3:1 (H-Pt3Pd1/G) exhibits better electrocatalytic activity (198 mA mg-1 pt) and better tolerance to carbon monoxide(CO) poisoning (If/Ib=1.26). It is noteworthy that the value of If/Ib can reach to 1.55 for the sample with the mass ratio of Pt:Pd=2:1 (H-Pt2Pd1/G),which implies its excellent ability of CO tolerance. The introduction of Pd element may open a new strategy to improve the CO tolerance by arc discharge evaporation.
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