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        Synthesis of Cu<sub>7</sub>S<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles: Role of halide ions, calculation, and electrochemical properties

        Tang, Zengmin,Park, Ju Hyun,Kim, Su Hwan,Kim, Jaemin,Mun, Junyoung,Kwak, Sang Kyu,Kim, Woo-Sik,Yu, Taekyung Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.764 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Copper sulfide (Cu<SUB>7</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB>) nanoparticles were synthesized by adding ethanolic elemental sulfur solution to an aqueous solution containing Cu(II) precursor, branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI), and ascorbic acid. By varying the Cu(II) precursor used, we could control the morphology of the nanoparticles produced to be either quasi spherical (CuF<SUB>2</SUB>, Cu(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>, and CuSO<SUB>4</SUB>) or vine like nanofibers (CuCl<SUB>2</SUB> and CuBr<SUB>2</SUB>). By comparing experimental results and conducting calculations we found that selective adsorption of Br<SUP>−</SUP> and Cl<SUP>−</SUP> onto specific crystal facets and slowing of the reaction rate owing to formation of Cu(I)–anion–BPEI complexes explain the observed change in morphology from spherical particles to vine like nanofibers. We also found that the differences in morphology of Cu<SUB>7</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles affects the electrochemical performance of Li batteries including the nanoparticles as electrode materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A facile aqueous synthesis of Cu<SUB>7</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB> nanofibers and spherical nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Experiments and calculations reveal the importance of Cl<SUP>−</SUP> and Br<SUP>−</SUP> in the formation of nanofibers. </LI> <LI> Slow reaction rate also leads to the formation of nanofibers. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>By means of experiments and calculations, we found that selective adsorption of Br<SUP>−</SUP> and Cl<SUP>−</SUP> onto specific crystal facets and slowing of the reaction rate by formation of Cu(I)-anion-BPEI complex leads to morphology changes of Cu<SUB>7</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles, from spherical particles to vinelike nanofibers.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • Synthesis of Cu-Pd nanoplates and their catalytic performance for H2O2 generation reaction

        Tang, Zengmin,Han, Geun-Ho,Jung, Euiyoung,Seo, Myung-gi,Lee, Kwan-Young,Kim, Woo-Sik,Yu, Taekyung Elsevier 2018 Molecular catalysis Vol.452 No.-

        <P>We reported on an aqueous-phase synthesis of copper-palladium (Cu-Pd) nanoplates consisting of 5 nm-sized Pd nanoparticles deposited on Cu nanoplates. In the present synthesis, ascorbic acid was used as a reducing agent to prevent galvanic replacement. By controlling the experimental conditions, we could control the weight percent of Pd in the nanoplates from 0.56% to 2.02%. The Cu-Pd nanoplates with Pd content of 2.02% exhibited high catalytic performance in the direct H2O2 generation reaction.</P>

      • Studies on morphology changes of copper sulfide nanoparticles in a continuous Couette-Taylor reactor

        Tang, Zengmin,Kim, Woo-Sik,Yu, Taekyung Elsevier 2019 Chemical engineering journal Vol.359 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this report, a Couette-Taylor (CT) reactor was applied as an effective continuous process for synthesizing copper sulfide nanoparticles. The rotational speed, mean residence time (MRT), and concentration of the feed solution were important control factors on the morphology and size control of the nanoparticles. Increasing the rotational speed from 80 rpm to 90 rpm changed the morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles from nanofibers to hexagonal nanoplates. Only Cu<SUB>7</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB> nanofibers were obtained in the batch reactor. Through various comparative experiments, we found that MRT and the feed solution concentration affect monomer concentration in the CT reactor, thus controlling the morphology and size of the nanoparticles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A facile synthetic route to copper sulfide in continuous Couette-Taylor reactor. </LI> <LI> Morphology control of copper sulfide by level of supersaturation. </LI> <LI> Level of supersaturation could be effectively regulated by rotational speed. </LI> </UL> </P>

      • Continuous synthesis of silver plates in a continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR)

        Tang, Zengmin,Kim, Woo-Sik,Yu, Taekyung Elsevier 2018 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.66 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this report, a continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR) and batch reactor were used for synthesis of silver (Ag) plates. The influences of agitation speed, molar ratio of AgNO<SUB>3</SUB> to NaCl, and concentration of reagent were investigated. Size analysis demonstrated that the size of Ag plates synthesized by the CSTR was larger than the size of plates synthesized by the batch reactor. The reason might be that low concentration of reagent and continuous supply of monomer in CSTR are more favorable for growth of anisotropic structures. CSTR demonstrates good advantages for mass synthesis of Ag plates of large size.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Large Ag plates were synthesized by using continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR) in the ambient temperature with a short mean residence time of 5min, has a great improve surface enhanced Raman signal of methylene blue.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • KCI등재

        Continuous synthesis of silver plates in a continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR)

        Zengmin Tang,김우식,유태경 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.66 No.-

        In this report, a continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR) and batch reactor were used for synthesis of silver (Ag) plates. The influences of agitation speed, molar ratio of AgNO3 to NaCl, and concentration of reagent were investigated. Size analysis demonstrated that the size of Ag plates synthesized by the CSTR was larger than the size of plates synthesized by the batch reactor. The reason might be that low concentration of reagent and continuous supply of monomer in CSTR are more favorable for growth of anisotropic structures. CSTR demonstrates good advantages for mass synthesis of Ag plates of large size.

      • Facile Aqueous-Phase Synthesis of Bimetallic (AgPt, AgPd, and CuPt) and Trimetallic (AgCuPt) Nanoparticles

        임지수,방석호,( Zengmin Tang ) 한국공업화학회 2020 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2020 No.-

        In this study, we synthesized bi-metallic and tri-metallic nanoparticles in an aqueous solution. Notably, the entire procedure was conducted through a facile co-reduction method within a short reaction time. We could easily control the composition of the nanoparticles by changing the ratio of the two components. For their application, the synthesized AgPd and AgPt can be used to enhance catalysts in H2O2 generation, due to their modified electronic structure compared with individual Pd and Pt. In the case of Cu-based nanoparticles, CuPt and AgCuPt can have high catalytic activity in electrochemical CO2 reduction. We believe that our synthetic route, with a lower cost and environmentally-friendly conditions, can be used to pave the way for diverse multi-metallic nanoparticles with enhanced catalytic performance.

      • Facile aqueous-phase synthesis of Ag–Cu–Pt–Pd quadrometallic nanoparticles

        유태경,김우식,방석호,Tae-Jin Lee,Sang Soo Han,Byung Chul Yeo,Zengmin Tang 나노기술연구협의회 2019 Nano Convergence Vol.6 No.38

        Ag–Cu–Pt–Pd quadrometallic nanoparticles which small Pt and Pd nanoparticles were attached on the surface of AgCu Janus nanoparticles were firstly synthesized by sequential reduction of Pt and Pd precursor in the presence of Janus AgCu bimetallic nanoparticles as seeds in an aqueous solution. Even though there was a small amount of Cu2O on the surface, the synthesized nanoparticles were mainly composed of four independent metallic part, not alloy parts. By theoretical calculation and growth mechanism study, we found that different reducing rate between Ag+ and Cu2+ and sequential reduction of Pt and Pd precursors would be key roles for the formation of the quadrometallic nanoparticles.

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