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Single-particle Characterization of Aerosol Particles Collected Nearby a Lead Smelter in China
Hae-Jin Jung,송영철,Xiande Liu,Yuwu Li,노철언 한국대기환경학회 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.2
China has been a top producer and exporter of refined lead products in the world since the year 2000. After the phasing-out of leaded gasoline in the late 1990s,non-ferrous metallurgy and coal combustion have been identified as potential major sources of aerosol lead in China. This paper presents the single particle analytical results of ambient aerosol particles collected near a lead smelter using a scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEMEDX). Aerosol particle samples were collected over a 24-hour period, starting from 8 pm on 31 May 2002,using a high volume TSP sampler. For this near source sample, 73 particles among 377 particles analyzed (accounting for 19.4%) were lead-containing particles mixed with other species (S, Cl, K, Ca, and/or C),which probably appeared to be from a nearby lead smelter. Lead-containing particles of less than 2 μm size in the near source sample were most frequently encountered with the relative abundances of 42%. SEM-EDX analysis of individual standard particles,such as PbO, PbS, PbSO4, PbCl2, and PbCO3, was also performed to assist in the clear identification of lead-containing aerosol particles. Lead-containing particles were frequently associated with arsenic and zinc, indicating that the smelter had emitted those species during the non-ferrous metallurgical process. The frequently encountered particles following the lead-containing particles were mineral dust particles,such as aluminosilicates (denoted as AlSi), SiO2, and CaCO3. Nitrate- and sulfate-containing particles were encountered frequently in 2-4 μm size range, and existed mostly in the forms of Ca(NO3,SO4)/C, (Mg,Ca)SO4/C, and AlSi+(NO3,SO4). Particles containing metals (e.g., Fe, Cu, and As) in this near source sample had relative abundances of approximately 10%. Although the airborne particles collected near the lead smelter contained elevated levels of lead, other types of particles, such as CaCO3-containing, carbonaceous,metal-containing, nitrates, sulfates, and fly-ash particles,showed the unique signatures of samples influenced by emissions from the lead smelter.
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Yu Wu,Zhaojun Wu,Kai Liu,Fu Li,Yujie Pang,Jianbin Zhang,Huayan Si 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.10
This work presents a simple method for the preparation of the Mg-doped nanocomposite copper silicates (Mgx-Cu1x-SiO3) (x=0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 0.9) using coal gangue waste as the silicon source for CO2 capture at low temperature. The as-prepared Mgx-Cu1x-SiO3 was systemically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis (BET). The results suggest that all Mgx-Cu1x-SiO3 possess large surface areas, micropores and mesoporous structures composed of the agglomerates of small nanoparticles. They exhibit high CO2 adsorption capacity at 298.15 K under 1 bar, and that of Mg0.9-Cu0.1-SiO3 was the highest with the value of 16.73 cm3/g. The Freundlich isotherm model fits the CO2 adsorption isotherm well. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the CO2 adsorption on Mg0.9-Cu0.1-SiO3 is exothermic (Ho<0), chaotic (So<0), and spontaneous (Go<0). This work highlights the low-temperature adsorption behavior of silicate materials on CO2, which can provide some research basis for the utilization of silica in coal gangue.
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