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Satoh, Shigeru,Kosugi, Yusuke,Iwazaki, Yujiro,Shibuya, Kenichi,Waki, Keisuke The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2000 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2 No.2
Carnation petals exhibit autocatalytic ethylene production and wilting during senescence. The autocatalytic ethylene production is induced by the expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase and ACC oxidase genes, whereas the wilting of petals is related to expression of the cysteine proteinase (CP) gene. Until recently, it has been believed that these two phenomena, autocatalytic ethylene production and wilting, are regulated in concert in senescing carnation petals, since the two phenomena occurred closely in parallel. Our studies with petals of a transgenic carnation harboring a sense ACC oxidase transgene and petals of carnation flowers treated with 1,1-dimethyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl) semicarbazide showed that the expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase genes and that of CP are regulated differently in carnation psanetals. Interestingly, in the petals of transgenic carnation, the transcript for CP was accumulated but the transcripts for ACC synthase and ACC oxidase were not accumulated in response to exogenous ethylene. Based on these results, we hypothesized that two ethylene signaling pathways, one leading to the expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase genes and the other leading to the expression of CP gene, are functioning in senescing carnation petals.
Dulal Chandra,Toshiyuki Matsui,Haruo Suzuki,Yusuke Kosugi 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.2
The quality of harvested perishable products greatly depends on temperatures during transport and storage or market display. In this study, we evaluated the influence of low temperature and duration of storage on the storage quality in iceberg lettuce that were kept at 1±0.2℃ for 0 (control), 1 and 2 weeks and subsequently exposed to 20±2℃ for 10 days. Lettuce heads with prior storage at 1℃ for 1 or 2 weeks showed higher visual quality and lower level of wilting as compared to the control sample until 4 days of storage at 20℃. However, higher butt discoloration ratings were observed for 1 or 2-week stored samples. Higher hue angle value was observed in the 1-week sample until 4 days of storage as compared to the control or 2-week samples. No significant difference in textural quality was found between the control and 1℃ stored samples. In general, 1-week sample exhibited slightly higher puncture force and breaking energy value as compared with the control and 2-week samples. At the end of the storage, soluble sugar content declined by 52, 45 and 54% in the outer leaves and 70, 62 and 65% in the inner leaves of the control, 1 and 2-week stored samples, respectively. The heads with prior storage at 1℃ for 1 week showed a little higher sugar contents than those with 2-week or the control samples. In general, the outer leaves contained higher amount of sucrose, whereas the inner leaves contained higher amount of glucose and fructose. Although citric acid was found in trace amount, malic acid was the main component in organic acid fractions. Results suggest that iceberg lettuce could be stored at 1℃ for 2 weeks without affecting quality and that a better quality could be maintained at 20℃ with prior storage at 1℃ than continuous storage at 20℃.
Chandra, Dulal,Matsui, Toshiyuki,Suzuki, Haruo,Kosugi, Yusuke,Fujimura, Koichi 한국작물학회 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.2
The changes in ammonia content as well as activity and gene expression of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH; EC 1.4.1.2) were investigated in lettuce during storage. GDH amination activity increased with the increases in ammonia content in the outer leaf portion after 24 h of storage. GDH amination activity was substantially higher than deamination activity. The isolated partial cDNA clone referred to as LsGDH (Lactuca sativa glutamate dehydrogenase; AB334207) consisted of 757 nucleotides and was highly homologous with the GDH genes of other plants. Although the transcript of LsGDH was found in both the outer and inner leaves, the level of transcript gradually increased in the outer leaves with the progress of storage, but was only expressed in the inner leaves when higher enzyme activity was observed. Results suggest that GDH expression in lettuce is controlled by tissue specific manner and/or multiple levels of regulations.
Dulal Chandra,Toshiyuki Matsui,Haruo Suzuki,Yusuke Kosugi,Koichi Fujimura 한국작물학회 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.2
The changes in ammonia content as well as activity and gene expression of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH; EC 1.4.1.2) were investigated in lettuce during storage. GDH amination activity increased with the increases in ammonia content in the outer leaf portion after 24 h of storage. GDH amination activity was substantially higher than deamination activity. The isolated partial cDNA clone referred to as LsGDH (Lactuca sativa glutamate dehydrogenase; AB334207) consisted of 757 nucleotides and was highly homologous with the GDH genes of other plants. Although the transcript of LsGDH was found in both the outer and inner leaves, the level of transcript gradually increased in the outer leaves with the progress of storage, but was only expressed in the inner leaves when higher enzyme activity was observed. Results suggest that GDH expression in lettuce is controlled by tissue specific manner and/or multiple levels of regulations. The changes in ammonia content as well as activity and gene expression of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH; EC 1.4.1.2) were investigated in lettuce during storage. GDH amination activity increased with the increases in ammonia content in the outer leaf portion after 24 h of storage. GDH amination activity was substantially higher than deamination activity. The isolated partial cDNA clone referred to as LsGDH (Lactuca sativa glutamate dehydrogenase; AB334207) consisted of 757 nucleotides and was highly homologous with the GDH genes of other plants. Although the transcript of LsGDH was found in both the outer and inner leaves, the level of transcript gradually increased in the outer leaves with the progress of storage, but was only expressed in the inner leaves when higher enzyme activity was observed. Results suggest that GDH expression in lettuce is controlled by tissue specific manner and/or multiple levels of regulations.