Detectability of Various Sizes of Honeycombing Cysts in an Inflated and Fixed Lung Specimen: the Effect of CT Section Thickness

Yuko Nishimoto,Masashi Takahashi,Kiyoshi Murata,Kimihiko Kichikawa 대한영상의학회 2005 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.6 No.1

Objective: We wanted to clarify the relationship between the visibility of air cysts on CT images, the CT slice thickness and the size of the air cysts, with contact radiographs as the gold standard, for the accurate evaluation of honeycomb cysts. Materials and Methods: An inflated and fixed autopsied lung having idiopathic interstitial pneumonia was evaluated. The corresponding air cysts were identified on the contact radiographs of a 0.5 mm-thick-section specimen and also on the CT images of three different kinds of section thickness: 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 mm. The maximal diameters of the air cysts were measured under a stereomicroscope. Results: A total of 341 air cysts were identified on the contact radiograph, and they were then evaluated. Sixty-six percent of air cysts 1 to 2 mm in diameter were detected by 0.5 mm slice thickness CT, while only 34% and 8% were detected by 1.0 and 2.5 mm slice thickness CT, respectively. Only 28% and 22% of air cysts less than 1 mm in diameter were detected by 0.5 and 1.0 mm slice thickness CT, respectively. CT with a 2.5 mm slice thickness could not demonstrate air cysts less than 1 mm in diameter. Conclusion: The CT detection rate of honeycombing is significantly influenced both by the slice thickness and the size of the air cysts.

LACTATE PROCUCTION WITHIN FIVE SECONDS, HIGH INTENSITY EXERCISE

TAKAHASHI, Katsumi,ISAKA, Tadao,UENO, Yuko,ISHII, Kihachi 圓光大學校 附設 體力科學硏究所 1988 體力科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

Works for assessment of ability on short-term, high intensity exercise has been proceeded. An attempt determines mechanical power output by means of cycle ergometer. However, the previous reports on anaerobic power have not been focused on exercises within five seconds that exerted mechanical power output developes in an accelerating phase in physical activities such as starting of sprint run, cut-in paly in ball games and aggressive action in sport events.

Collapse Behavior of Reduced-Scale Frames by the Inverted Shaking Table Method under Dynamic Seismic Loading

Yuko Shimada,Kenta Takahashi,Satoshi Yamada 한국강구조학회 2022 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.22 No.6

The shaking table test, which is generally conducted using reduced-scale frames to investigate the collapse behavior of structures during underground motion, is an eff ective method in the seismic engineering fi eld. However, unlike the shaking table test with full-scale frames, those with reduced-scale frames possess several problems owing to the scaling eff ect. This paper proposes a novel experimental method for performing the shaking table test with reduced-scale frames to overcome these problems; this method is known as the “inverted shaking table.” Through a series of experiments using this method and two earthquake records as inputs without modifying the time axis, the elastoplastic behaviors of reduced-scale steel frames are obtained up to their collapse owing to the P-Δ eff ect. Additionally, the changes in the collapse process are studied by changing the vertical load on the test specimens. The test results obtained in this study are validated using the response analysis of a single degree-of-freedom system, which reveals that the hysteresis and acceleration multiplier of the input wave obtained using the response analysis and test for each specimen are approximately the same. This indicates that the proposed method is eff ective for reproducing the frame behavior up to collapse for specimens with portable components and using general experimental apparatus.

Upper-Limb Rehabilitation Exercises Using Haptic Device System

Yoshiyuki Takahashi,Takafumi Terade,Kaoru Inoue,Yuko Ito,Hokyoo Lee,Takashi Komeda 한국과학기술원 인간친화 복지 로봇 시스템 연구센터 2003 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Me Vol.4 No.2

We have applied a haptic device to the rehabilitation tool and made efforts to integrate the motion and sensory therapy, in order to avoid boredom that the patients usually feel. This rehabilitation tool system consists of a haptic device, a display, a computer, and software for training. When the user moves the grip, the haptic device provides a virtual force and it can either assists the movement of the arm or work against it. We have carried out a preliminary experiment with young and middle age group and elderly group. It aims to confirm the functionality of this system and to collect the reference data for the evaluation of the upper-limb disability. The results of our experiment show that the system could be used to evaluate the patient"s ability of upper-limb motion.

Evolution of Visual Pigments and Related Molecules

Hisatomi, Osamu,Yamamoto, Shintaro,Kobayashi, Yuko,Honkawa, Hanayo,Takahashi, Yusuke,Tokunaga, Fumio Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

In photoreceptor cells, light activates visual pigments consisting of a chromophore (retinal) and a protein moiety (opsin). Activated visual pigments trigger an enzymatic cascade, called phototransduction cascade, in which more than ten phototransduction proteins are participating. Two types of vertebrate photoreceptor cells, rods and cones, play roles in twilight and daylight vision, respectively. Cones are further classified into several subtypes based on their morphology and spectral sensitivity. Though the diversities of vertebrate photoreceptor cells are crucial for color discrimination and detection of light over a wider range of intensities, the molecular mechanism to characterize the photoreceptor types remains unclear. We investigated the amino acid sequences of about 50 vertebrate opsins, and found that these sequences can be classified into five fundamental subfamilies. Clear relationships were found between these subfamilies and their characteristic spectral sensitivities. In addition to opsins, we studied other phototransduction proteins. The amino acid sequences of phototransduction proteins can be classified into a few subfamilies. Even though their spectral sensitivity is considerably different, cones fundamentally share the phototransduction protein isoforms which are different from those found in rods. It is suggested that the difference in phototransduction proteins between rods and cones is responsible for their sensitivity to light. Isoforms and their selective expression may characterize individual photoreceptor cells, thus providing us with physiological functions such as color vision and daylight/twilight visions.

Intraductal Lipid-Rich Carcinoma of the Breast with a Component of Glycogen-Rich Carcinoma

Yoshitaka Kurisu,Motomu Tsuji,Yuro Shibayama,Yuko Takahashi,Takehiro Nohara 한국유방암학회 2012 Journal of breast cancer Vol.15 No.1

We report a rare case of intraductal lipid-rich carcinoma of the breast with a component of glycogen-rich carcinoma. An impalpable tumor that was revealed by mammography and magnetic resonance imaging was excised. Histologic examination showed vacuolated neoplastic cells in the mammary ducts, and electron microscopy confirmed lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. The coexistence of glycogen-rich carcinoma was shown. Lipid-rich carcinoma that is coexistent with glycogen-rich carcinoma is rare, and most lipid-rich carcinomas are invasive. Intraductal lipid-rich carcinoma is difficult to detect without echography or mammography.

Association between Polymorphisms in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A6 and 1A7 and Colorectal Cancer Risk

Osawa, Kayo,Nakarai, Chiaki,Akiyama, Minami,Hashimoto, Ryuta,Tsutou, Akimitsu,Takahashi, Juro,Takaoka, Yuko,Kawamura, Shiro,Shimada, Etsuji,Tanaka, Kenichi,Kozuka, Masaya,Yamamoto, Masahiro,Kido, Yosh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Genetic polymorphisms of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases 1A6 (UGT1A6) and 1A7 (UGT1A7) may lead to genetic instability and colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Our objective was to measure the interaction between polymorphisms of these repair genes and tobacco smoking in colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 68 individuals with CRC and 112 non-cancer controls were divided into non-smoker and smoker groups according to pack-years of smoking. Genetic polymorphisms of UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 were examined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). We found a weak association of UGT1A6 polymorphisms with CRC risk (crude odds ratio [OR], 1.65;95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.9-3.1, P=0.107; adjusted OR 1.95%, 95% CI 1.0-3.8, P=0.051). The ORs for the UGT1A7 polymorphisms were statistically significant (crude OR: 26.40, 95% CI: 3.5-198.4, P=0.001; adjusted OR: 21.52, 95% CI: 2.8-164.1, P=0.003). The joint effect of tobacco exposure and UGTIA6 polymorphisms was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk in non-smokers (crude OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.9-5.0, P=0.092; adjusted OR 2.63, 95% CI, 1.0-6.7, P=0.042). In conclusion, our findings suggest that UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 gene polymorphisms are associated with CRC risk in the Japanese population. In particualr, UGT1A6 polymorphisms may strongly increase CRC risk through the formation of carcinogens not associated with smoking.

Clinical meaning of sarcopenia in patients undergoing endoscopic treatment

Hiroyuki Hisada,Yosuke Tsuji,Hikaru Kuribara,Ryohei Miyata,Kaori Oshio,Satoru Mizutani,Hideki Nakagawa,Rina Cho,Nobuyuki Sakuma,Yuko Miura,Hiroya Mizutani,Daisuke Ohki,Seiichi Yakabi,Yu Takahashi,Yosh 대한소화기내시경학회 2024 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.57 No.4

With increasing global life expectancy, the significance of geriatric assessment parameters has increased. Sarcopenia is a crucial assessment parameter and is defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Sarcopenia is widely acknowledged as a risk factor for postoperative complications in diverse advanced malignancies and has a detrimental effect on the long-term prognosis. While most studies have primarily concentrated on the correlation between sarcopenia and advanced cancer, more recent investigations have focused on the relationship between sarcopenia and early-stage cancer. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which is less invasive than surgical intervention, is extensively employed in the management of early-stage cancer, although it is associated with complications such as bleeding and perforation. In recent years, several reports have revealed the adverse consequences of sarcopenia in patients with early-stage cancer undergoing ESD. This literature review briefly summarizes the recent studies on the association between sarcopenia and ESD.