From “Axis of Evil” to “Iran Threat Network”: The Securitization discourse Constructed by the US. Elites Toward Iran

Ma Yuting(Yuting Ma),Dai Yuanyuan(Yuanyuan Dai) 아시아사회과학학회 2023 International Science Research Vol.3 No.1

The US government and political elites have long regarded Iran as a threat to US interests, Middle East peace and Israel’s national security. However, the Iranian government has never actively launched any war since its establishment in 1979. In order to explain the “Iran Threat” discourse constructed by the US political elite, the process of discourse formation and proliferation, this article combines security and threat framing theories, and specifically interprets the corresponding materials and documents through the path of description- interpretation- explanation. It points out that the discourse of the American political elites against Iran is not based on facts, rather, the topics are full of ideological attacks and highly subjective extreme judgments. Take Bush as an example, he portrayed Iran as a supporter of terrorism after the 9/11 incident; on this basis, the intelligence and policy consultant agencies of the US government provide corresponding intelligence materials to support the Iranian threat theory. Through the construction of the Iranian threat discourse by political elites, the U.S. political circle has completed the first round of securitization of Iran, and the political topics related to Iran are almost restricted to the discourse system of threat theory, forming a kind of “threat framing” effect. The entire set of political discourses used by the United States against Iran can promote the implementation of policies of the US., and facilitating its policies against Iran to obtain a legal basis, continuing to isolate Iran in the Middle East and eventually overthrow its current government; at the same time, maintain strong US intervention in the Middle East, making Saudi and other countries dependent on the US due to security needs and maintaining US interests in the Middle East.

One-pot Synthesis of Hierarchical Mesoporous ZSM-5 from the Assembly of Nanocrystals Using Urea as Additive

Yuanyuan Ma,Zhifang Li,Nan Zhao,Fuzhong Han,Qiubin Kan 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2020 NANO Vol.15 No.03

A hierarchical mesoporous ZSM-5 catalyst with aggregated nanocrystals structure was one-pot hydrothermally synthesized by using urea as the additive. The crystalline phase, morphology and hierarchical architectures were characterized by the XRD, SEM, TEM and N2 adsorption/desorption analyses. The nano-aggregates showed MFI crystalline phase and were composed of connected nanoparticles. The samples had the high surface area and the pore volume from intercrystalline among the nanoparticles due to spontaneously stacking of nanocrystals. The pyridine-adsorbed FTIR and the catalytic performances in the alkylation of phenol and tert-butyl alcohol were applied to evaluate the accessibility of acid sites and the catalytic activities for the hierarchical mesoporous ZSM-5 samples. The samples possessed high accessibility of acid sites which resulted from their large amount of mesopores, and its catalytic activity was improved dramatically. The phenol conversion could reach up to 95.6%, and the corresponding selectivity of 4-TBP and 2,4-DTBP was 44% and 51.5%, respectively.

Corticosterone Regulates the Expression of Neuropeptide Y and Reelin in MLO-Y4 Cells

Yuanyuan Ma,Hang Wang,Xiangnan Wu,Jing Fu,Jiefei Shen,Xiaoyu Li 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.33 No.6

Osteocytes that have a dendritic appearance are widely believed to form a complex cellular network system and play crucial roles in mechanotransduction as a principal bone mechanosensor, which is the basis of their neuronal-like biology, as previously reported. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and reelin mRNA, which are brain-specific neurogenic markers, have been identified in osteocytes. However, changes in the production of NPY and reelin in response to specific biochemical stimulation are unknown. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effect of corticosterone, one of the endogenous glucocorticoids, on the expression of NPY and reelin in the MLO-Y4 osteocyte cell line. Cells were treated with corticosterone at different concentrations (10-9 M-10-5 M) for 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. As revealed, corticosterone reduced the MLO-Y4 cell viability and pro-liferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner based on an MTT assay and a Vi-CELL analyzer. The cells were then incubated with corticosterone (10-6 M), and the NPY and reelin expression levels were detected at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. These results demonstrated that at the gene and the protein levels, corticosterone significantly upregulated the NPY and reelin expression in a time-dependent manner. The application of a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, RU486, reversed the reduced cell viability and the increased expression of NPY and reelin that were caused by corticosterone. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to verify that corticosterone regulates the NPY and reelin expression in osteocytes.

宋朝國史的史料来源及编撰方法

马元元(MA YUANYUAN) 한국외국어대학교 역사문화연구소 2018 역사문화연구 Vol.66 No.-

自唐朝起,先编 󰡔实录󰡕,再编 󰡔国史󰡕就已经成为惯例. 宋朝史书编写延续了 󰡔实录󰡕․ 󰡔国史󰡕․ 󰡔会要󰡕的顺序. 作为以本朝历史为主要记录对象的史书,尽管三者在记载内容与目的上各有不同,但究其根本,在史料来源上却有很深的延续性.宋朝国史的史料来源有二,一是包括 󰡔时政记󰡕․ 󰡔起居注󰡕․ 󰡔日历󰡕等在内的官方史书,二是以君王诏令圣语․大臣谏疏․官员墓志行状及地方志等官方档案文献. 󰡔时政记󰡕․ 󰡔起居注󰡕,连同皇帝诏令及臣僚行状共同成为 󰡔日历󰡕编写的基本材料. 󰡔日历󰡕经过实录院官员的修撰编修成为 󰡔实录󰡕. 而 󰡔实录󰡕再经过史料汇总․编次․撰写,加以其它史书及诏书․墓志․官员行状等史料的辅助․对应,分出纪․志․传的框架体系,最终形成国史. 虽然宋代的国史修撰在南渡前后略有不同,但已基本形成了先订立纲目,再按照主体思想分类定性,然后交付不同史官编录,最后由皇帝审阅的编撰方法. Since the Tang dynasty,It has become the custom to make the record and then the history of the country. The history of the Song dynasty continues the sequence of the record, the history of the country and the hui yao. As a history book for the history of the dynasty, Although the three are different in terms of content and purpose,but there is a deep continuity in historical sources. There are two sources of historical materials on the history of Song dynasty. One is the official history books, including the record the current politics , the living note, the calendar and so on. The second is the official archival documents, such as the imperial edict, the minister s remonstrance, the official epitaph and the local Chronicles. The record the current politics, the living note, together with the imperial edict and the official files, became the basic material of the calendar. The calendar has been edited by the actual court officials to become the record. The record, after a summary of historical documents, editing order and write again. The aid of other history books and the imperial edict, epitaph, official files and other historical materials. The framework system of discipline, ambition and biography is divided. In the end, The national history has formed. Although it was different in compiling of national history before the Song dynasty government moving south. A compilation method was formed that determinate outline early and than classify according to subject thought and to deliver different historical officials to records,at last, reviewed by The emperor.

A Rapid and Effective Colony PCR Procedure for Screening Transformants in Several Common Mushrooms

( Yuanyuan Wang ),( Danyun Xu ),( Dongmei Liu ),( Xueyan Sun ),( Yue Chen ),( Lisheng Zheng ),( Liguo Chen ),( Aimin Ma ) 한국균학회 2019 Mycobiology Vol.47 No.3

In the post-genomic era, gene function analysis has attracted much attention. Transformation is often needed to investigate gene function. In this study, an easy, rapid, reliable, and cost-effective colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for screening mushroom transformants was developed: picking up a suitable amount of transformant’s tissue (1-10 lg) to 20 ll 0.25% Lywallzyme solution, and vortexing for 10 s followed by incubation at 34 ℃ for 15 min. Finally, 2 ll of the suspension was used as templates to perform PCR and single target bands were successfully amplified from respective transformants of Tremella fuciformis, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Pleurotus tuber-regium. This procedure could be widely employed for screening transformants in mushroom transformation experiments.

Energy Efficient Air-to-Ground Communication Networks with Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface

Yuanyuan Yao,Ke Lv,Nan Ma,Xinwei Yue,Xiaoqi Qin,Xiang Yun 한국통신학회 2022 Journal of communications and networks Vol.24 No.5

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted air- to-ground wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs) are constructed to promote the energy efficiency of the system, in which unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) reflects energy towards the energy-constrained hybrid access points (HAP) through RIS. Subsequently, HAP uses the collected energy to communicate with users in blind areas through the RIS-UAV. By optimizing parameters such as charging time ratio, transmit power and phase shifts matrix, the energy efficiency for single and multi- user scenarios are maximized, respectively. The energy efficiency is modeled as a non-convex quadratic programming problem with inequality constraints in the single-user scenario. Then the problem is converted into an equivalent convex problem by using the Taylor expansion and convex approximation method. A joint optimization algorithm of power and phase shifts is proposed to obtain a feasible solution. The energy efficiency is modeled as a fractional programming problem with non-convex inequality constraints in the multi-user scenario, and the feasible solution is obtained by proposing an alternating algorithm. Finally, both two scenarios are compared with the system of traditional amplify- and-forward (AF) relay, respectively. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can provide up with 150% and 160% improvement of the energy efficiency in the single and multi-user scenarios, respectively, compared to the traditional AF relay.

An Enzymolysis-Assisted Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation Method for the Yeast-Like Cells of Tremella fuciformis

( Yuanyuan Wang ),( Danyun Xu ),( Xueyan Sun ),( Lisheng Zheng ),( Liguo Chen ),( Aimin Ma ) 한국균학회 2019 Mycobiology Vol.47 No.1

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT), as a simple and versatile method, achieves successful transformation in the yeast-like cells (YLCs) of Tremella fuciformis with lower efficiency. Establishment of a more efficient transformation system of YLCs is important for functional genomics research and biotechnological application. In this study, an enzymolysis-assisted ATMT method was developed. The degradation degree of YLCs depends on the concentration and digestion time of Lywallzyme. Lower concentration (_0.1%) of Lywallzyme was capable of formation of limited wounds on the surface of YLCs and has less influence on their growth. In addition, there is no significant difference of YLCs growth among groups treated with 0.1% Lywallzyme for different time. The binary vector pGEH under the control of T. fuciformis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (gpd) promoter was utilized to transform the enzymolytic wounded YLCs with different concentrations and digestion time. The results of PCR, Southern blot, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and fluorescence microscopy revealed that the T-DNA was integrated into the YLCs genome, suggesting an efficient enzymolysis-assisted ATMT method of YLCs was established. The highest transformation frequency reached 1200 transformants per 10⁶ YLCs by 0.05% (w/v) Lywallzyme digestion for 15 min, and the transformants were genetically stable. Compared with the mechanical wounding methods, enzymolytic wounding is thought to be a tender, safer and more effective method.

DNA methylation comparison between 4-day-old queen and worker larvae of honey bee

Yuanyuan Shi,Hao Liu,Ya Feng Qiu,Zhi Yong Ma,Zhijiang Zeng 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.1

The honey bee is a social insect that is famous for queen-worker differentiation. Numerous studies indicate that queen larvae (QL) and worker larvae (WL) have different expressed genes and proteins. DNA methylation has been found to play an important role in regulating gene expression. To further explore the roles of the methylated genes in queen-worker differentiation, we analyzed DNA methylome profiles of 4-day-old QL and WL (Apis mellifera). The results demonstrated that therewere 7.2 gigabases of sequence data fromsix methylated DNA immunoprecipitation libraries, and provided a genome-wide DNA methylation map as well as a gene expression map for 4-day-old QL andWL. The genome coverage of every samplewas 4.79. According to CpG representation, all promoters in the A. mellifera genome were classified into high CpG promoters, intermediate CpG promoters and low CpG promoters. The methylated cytosines of larvae were enriched in introns, followed by coding sequence regions, 2 K downstream of genes, 5′ untranslated regions (UTRs), 2 K upstream of genes, and 3′ UTRs. Compared with 4-day-oldWL, a number of genes in QL were down-methylated that were involved in biological regulation, immune system and metabolic regulation. In addition, these DMGs were involved in many signal pathways of caste differentiation such as Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Notch, Insulin andWnt signaling pathways.

LINC00174 Facilitates Proliferation and Migration of Colorectal Cancer Cells via MiR-3127-5p/ E2F7 Axis

( Yuhong Ma ),( Yuzhen Li ),( Yuanyuan Tang ),( Ning Tang ),( Dengke Wang ),( Xiaofei Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.8

The literature indicates that LINC00174 promotes the growth of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, but its research needs to be enriched. We tried to explore the function and mechanism of LINC00174 in CRC cell proliferation and migration. Bioinformatics analysis predicted the binding relationship and expressions of lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA. Clinical study analyzes the relationship between LINC00174 and clinical data characteristics of CRC patients. The expressions of LINC00174, miR-3127-5p and E2F7 were verified by RT-qPCR, and the combination of the two was verified by dual luciferase analysis and RNA immunoprecipitation as needed. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EMT-related protein and E2F7 protein. Functional experiments were used to evaluate the function of the target gene on CRC cells. LINC00174 was up-regulated in CRC clinical samples and cells and was related to the clinical characteristics of CRC patients. High-expression of LINC00174, contrary to the effect of siLINC00174, promoted cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, up-regulated the expressions of N-Cadherin, Vimentin, E2F7, and inhibited the expression of E-Cadherin. MiR-3127-5p was one of the targeted miRNAs of LINC00174 and was down-regulated in CRC samples. In addition, miR-3127-5p mimic partially reversed the malignant phenotype of CRC cells induced by LINC00174. Besides, E2F7 was a target gene of miR-3127-5p, and LINC00174 repressed miR-3127-5p to regulate E2F7. Our research reveals that LINC00174 affected the biological characteristics of CRC cells through regulated miR-3127-5p/ E2F7 axis.

Efficacy of Different Number of XELOX or SOX Chemotherapy Cycles After D₂ Resection for Stage III Gastric Cancer

Yu, Yuanyuan,Zhang, Zicheng,Meng, Qianhao,Wang, Ke,Li, Qingwei,Ma, Yue,Yao, Yuanfei,Sun, Jie,Wang, Guangyu The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2022 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: We aimed to explore whether the prognosis of patients treated with capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) or S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) regimens who received fewer cycles of chemotherapy after D2 radical resection for gastric cancer (GC) would be non-inferior to that of patients who received the standard number of cycles of chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Data on patients who received XELOX or SOX chemotherapy after undergoing D2 radical resection at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 2011 and May 2016 were collected. Results: In patients who received 4, 6, and 8 cycles of chemotherapy, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 59.4%, 64.8%, and 62.7%, respectively. Compared to patients who received 4 cycles of chemotherapy, those who received 6 cycles (hazard ratio [HR], 0.882; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.599-1.299; P=0.52) or 8 cycles (HR, 0.882; 95% CI, 0.533-1.458; P=0.62) of chemotherapy did not exhibit significantly prolonged OS. The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate of patients who received 4, 6, and 8 cycles of chemotherapy was 62.1%, 67.2%, and 60.8%, respectively. Compared to patients who received 4 cycles of chemotherapy, those who received 6 cycles (HR, 0.835; 95% CI, 0.572-1.221; P=0.35) or 8 cycles (HR, 0.972; 95% CI, 0.606-1.558; P=0.91) of chemotherapy did not show significantly prolonged DFS. However, the 3-year DFS and 5-year OS rates of patients who received 6 cycles of chemotherapy appeared to be superior to those of patients who received 4 and 8 cycles of chemotherapy. Conclusions: For patients with stage III GC, 4 to 6 cycles of XELOX or SOX chemotherapy may be a favorable option. This study provides a rationale for further randomized clinical trials.