Preparation of oral nanoemulsion drug delivery system loaded with punicalagin: in vitro antibacterial activity, drug release, and cell safety studies

Fei‑Fei Shi,Yu‑Juan Mao,Ying Wang,Hai‑Feng Yang 한국고분자학회 2024 Macromolecular Research Vol.32 No.3

The objective of the present study was to develop a W/O/W nanoemulsion (NE) drug delivery system loaded with punicalagin (PGN) for oral delivery and evaluate its potential in antibacterial therapy. The W/O/W PGN-NE was prepared using a two-step process by combining ultrasonic with high-energy emulsification and subsequently characterized by its droplet size, zeta potential, and morphology. The PGN-NE was further evaluated for its pH, in vitro antibacterial activity, drug release property, and cytotoxicity. The results indicated the formation of spherical, nano-sized globules of PGN-NE had a mean particle size of 45.53 ± 2.2 nm, with a PDI value of 0.22 ± 0.028, zeta potential was −4.67 ± 0.88 mV, and pH value was 5.8. In vitro antibacterial activity studies showed a significantly higher antibacterial activity of PGN-NE in comparison to free PGN, suggesting that NE can effectively improve the antibacterial effect of natural pharmaceuticals. The drug release assay demonstrated that PGN was slowly released from the NE preparation and absorbed, helping to prolong the potency and improve the bioavailability of PGN. Cytotoxicity testing showed that PGN had reduced toxicity when encapsulated in NE. Thus, the developed NE formulation of PNG exhibited a greater potential for the slow-release effect delivery and in the treatment of microbial infections with favorable safety profile.

GRAPHENE AS TUNABLE STATIONARY PHASE ADDITIVE FOR ENANTIOSEPARATION

FEI-YUE TU,LIN-YAN YU,JIN-GANG YU,XIAOQING CHEN,QIANG FU,FEI-PENG JIAO,ZHI-GUANG PENG,TING ZHANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2013 NANO Vol.8 No.6

Graphene-based biosensor and chiral sensor have made significant progress in recent years. Because of the similarity of the optical enantiomers, enantioseparation is perhaps the most subtle to achieve. Developing more effectively chiral separation techniques based on graphene is highly desirable. Herein, pristine graphene was prepared and then applicated to assist resolution of two racemic drugs of propranolol and ofloxacin using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). In comparison with TLC chiral separation by only using pure D-(-)-tartaric acid as a selector with relatively low degree of separation, a mixture of graphene and D-(-)-tartaric acid is more attractive, efficient and ready available. The high specific resolution ability for racemic compounds aided by graphene might allow its potential application in future chiral separation technologies.

Analyzing Chinese Online P2P Financial Product Purchase Decisions Utilizing the Framing Effect 7)

Yu Fei Shang,김순홍 한국유통과학회 2015 유통과학연구 Vol.13 No.10

Purpose – This study examines Chinese P2P investment decision processes from a behavioral economics approach. Research design, data, and methodology – We analyze the online P2P investment product purchase decisions of 241 respondents in China, March 2015 to May 2015. T-tests were conducted to determine whether the framing effect influenced investor investment preferences. The Association Rule was used to identify the framing effect of respondent demographic characteristics on joint decisions regarding stable or risky investment products. Results – There are significant differences between the two groups (positive framing and negative framing) and their product- choosing behavior. In the positive framing group, female investors, young investors, investors with non-financial occupations and with limited or no experience, preferred stable P2P investment products. In contrast, in the negative framing group, investors with extensive investment experience preferred risky investment products. Conclusions – The framing effect influences investor choices in online P2P investment products. It is necessary to implement comprehensive supervision and full information disclosure regarding P2P investment products. P2P investment websites can also adopt different marketing strategies according to investor gender and age.

Cortical Morphometric Abnormality and Its Association with Working Memory in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Fei-Fei Si,Lu Liu,Hai-Mei Li,Li Sun,Qing-Jiu Cao,Hanna Lu,Yu-Feng Wang,Qiu-Jin Qian 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.7

Objective Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents. The present study investigated the cortical morphology features and their relationship with working memory (WM). Methods In the present study, a total of 36 medication naïve children with ADHD (aged from 8 to 15 years) and 36 age- and gendermatched healthy control (HC) children were included. The digit span test was used to evaluate WM. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to examine the characteristics of cortical morphology. Firstly, we compared the cortical morphology features between two groups to identify the potential structural alterations of cortical volume, surface, thickness, and curvature in children with ADHD. Then, the correlation between the brain structural abnormalities and WM was further explored in children with ADHD. Results Compared with the HC children, the children with ADHD showed reduced cortical volumes in the left lateral superior temporal gyrus (STG) (p=6.67×10-6) and left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (p=3.88×10-4). In addition, the cortical volume of left lateral STG was positively correlated with WM (r=0.36, p=0.029). Conclusion Though preliminary, these findings suggest that the reduced cortical volumes of left lateral STG may contribute to the pathogenesis of ADHD and correlate with WM in children with ADHD.

Human lactoferrin efficiently targeted into caprine beta-lactoglobulin locus with transcription activator-like effector nucleases

Yu-Guo Yuan,Shao-Zheng Song,Meng-Ming Zhu,Zheng-Yi He,Rui Lu,Ting Zhang,Fei Mi,Jin-Yu Wang,Yong Cheng 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.8

Objective: To create genetically modified goat as a biopharming source of recombinant human lacotoferrin (hLF) with transcription activator-like effector nucleases. Methods: TALENs and targeting vector were transferred into cultured fibroblasts to insert hLF cDNA in the goat beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) locus with homology-directed repair. The gene targeted efficiency was checked using sequencing and TE7I assay. The bi-allelic gene targeted colonies were isolated and confirmed with polymerase chain reaction, and used as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Results: The targeted efficiency for BLG gene was approximately 10%. Among 12 Bi-allelic gene targeted colonies, five were used in first round SCNT and 4 recipients (23%) were confirmed pregnant at 30 d. In second round SCNT, 7 (53%), 4 (31%), and 3 (23%) recipients were confirmed to be pregnant by ultrasound on 30 d, 60 d, and 90 d. Conclusion: This finding signifies the combined use of TALENs and SCNT can generate bi-allelic knock-in fibroblasts that can be cloned in a fetus. Therefore, it might lay the foundation for transgenic hLF goat generation and possible use of their mammary gland as a bioreactor for large-scale production of recombinant hLF.

A small hairpin RNA targeting myeloid cell leukemia-1 enhances apoptosis in host macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Fei-yu Wang,Yu-qing Zhang,Xin-min Wang,Chan Wang,Xiao-fang Wang,Jiang-dong Wu,Fang Wu,Wan-jiang Zhang,Le Zhang 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.4

Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) plays an important role in various cell survival pathways. Some studies indicated that the expression of Mcl-1 was upregulated in host cells during infection with the virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain, H37Rv. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of inhibiting Mcl-1 expression both in vivo and in vitro on apoptosis of host macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis using a small hairpin (sh)RNA. Mcl-1 expression was detected by the real time-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to measure host macrophage apoptosis. We found elevated Mcl-1 levels in host macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The expression of Mcl-1 was downregulated efficiently in H37Rv-infected host macrophages using shRNA. Knockdown of Mcl-1 enhanced the extent of apoptosis in H37Rv-infected host macrophages significantly. The increased apoptosis correlated with a decrease in M. tuberculosis colony forming units recovered from H37Rv-infected cells that were treated with Mcl-1-shRNA. Reducing Mcl-1 accumulation by shRNA also reduced accumulation of the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-2, and increased expression of the pro-apoptotic gene, Bax, in H37Rv-infected host macrophages. Our results showed that specific knockdown of Mcl-1 expression increased apoptosis of host macrophages significantly and decreased the intracellular survival of a virulent strain of M. tuberculosis. These data indicate that interference with Mcl-1 expression may provide a new avenue for tuberculosis therapy.

Modeling and Control Method for High-power Electromagnetic Transmitter Power Supplies

Yu, Fei,Zhang, Yi-Ming The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2013 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.13 No.4

High-power electromagnetic transmitter power supplies are an important part of deep geophysical exploration equipment. This is especially true in complex environments, where the ability to produce a highly accurate and stable output and safety through redundancy have become the key issues in the design of high-power electromagnetic transmitter power supplies. To solve these issues, a high-frequency switching power cascade based emission power supply is designed. By combining the circuit averaged model and the equivalent controlled source method, a modular mathematical model is established with the on-state loss and transformer induction loss being taken into account. A triple-loop control including an inner current loop, an outer voltage loop and a load current forward feedback, and a digitalized voltage/current sharing control method are proposed for the realization of the rapid, stable and highly accurate output of the system. By using a new algorithm referred to as GAPSO, which integrates a genetic algorithm and a particle swarm algorithm, the parameters of the controller are tuned. A multi-module cascade helps to achieve system redundancy. A simulation analysis of the open-loop system proves the accuracy of the established system and provides a better reflection of the characteristics of the power supply. A parameter tuning simulation proves the effectiveness of the GAPSO algorithm. A closed-loop simulation of the system and field geological exploration experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the control method. This ensures both the system's excellent stability and the output's accuracy. It also ensures the accuracy of the established mathematical model as well as its ability to meet the requirements of practical field deep exploration.

Adiponectin Receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) rs1342387 Polymorphism and Risk of Cancer: a Meta-analysis

Yu, Li-Xiang,Zhou, Nan-Nan,Liu, Li-Yuan,Wang, Fei,Ma, Zhong-Bing,Li, Jie,Yu, Zhi-Gang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Many studies have indicated possible associations between a polymorphism of adiponectin receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) rs1342387 and risk of cancer, but contradictory results have been reported. The main aim of this study was to draw a reliable conclusion about the relationship between the rs1342387 polymorphism and cancer incidence, by conducting a literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Wanfang and Cochrane libraries. Eleven studies including 3, 738 cases and 4, 748 controls were identified in this meta-analysis. The ADIPOR1 rs1342387 polymorphism was associated with risk of colorectal cancer for all genetic comparison models (GG vs AA, OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.21-1.70; G carriers vs A carriers, OR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.11-1.36; dominant model, OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.10-1.49 and recessive model, OR: 1.31, 95%CI: 1.12-1.55). Stratified by ethnicity, the rs1342387 polymorphism was significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer in Asian ancestry for all genetic comparison models (GG vs AA, OR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.26-1.92; G carriers vs. A carriers OR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.18-1.43; dominant model OR: 1.31, 95%CI: 1.08-1.60 and recessive model OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.26-1.64), but not in Caucasian or mixed (Caucasian mainly) groups. In summary, the ADIPOR1 rs1342387 polymorphism is significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer among individuals of Asian ancestry.

An Intelligent Fault Detection and Service Restoration Scheme for Ungrounded Distribution Systems

Yu, Fei,Kim, Tae-Wan,Lim, Il-Hyung,Choi, Myeon-Song,Lee, Seung-Jae,Lim, Sung-Il,Lee, Sung-Woo,Ha, Bok-Nam The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2008 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.3 No.3

Electric load components have different characteristics according to the variation of voltage and frequency. This paper presents the load modeling of an electric locomotive by the parameter identification method. The proposed method for load modeling is very simple and easy for application. The proposed load model of the electric locomotive is represented by the combination of the loads that have static and dynamic characteristics. This load modeling is applied to the KTX in Korea to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of proposed load modeling by the parameter identification follow the field measurements very exactly.

Effect of Experiential Value on Customer Satisfaction and e-WOM under O2O Commerce

Yu-Fei Shang(상옥비),Yao Chen(진요),Hong-Seop Kim(김홍섭) 한국유통과학회 2017 유통과학연구 Vol.15 No.8

Purpose - The online-to-offline (O2O) business model has brought considerable changes to the traditional Chinese business model. The main difference between O2O and pure online consumption is that O2O offers a richer experience and word-of-mouth. it is easier to trigger online word-of-mouth. However, few scholars have been concerned about the impact of experiential value on customer satisfaction and online word-of-mouth (e-WOM) in the study of O2O. This study takes the O2O business model in China’s catering industry as its research object and uses structural equation modelling to analyze the impact of online and offline experiential values on customer satisfaction and e-WOM. Research design, data, and methodology - According to previous researches, consumer experiential value is mainly divided into return on investment (economy and efficiency), service excellence, playfulness and aesthetics. According to the characteristics of O2O in China’s catering industry, this study divides the online experience value into efficiency and economy (return on investment). The offline part is divided into return on investment (economy and efficiency), service excellence, playfulness and aesthetics. Using a web-based survey, we collected 303 valid samples. Structural equation modelling was used to create the research model. Results - The results show that efficiency (online) and service excellence (offline) have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Economics (online) and playfulness (offline) have a positive impact on customers’ e-WOM. In addition, the higher the customer satisfaction, the greater the positive impact on the spread by word of mouth. However, aesthetic(offline) and return on investment(offline) have no significant impact to customer satisfaction and e-WOM. Conclusions - The study findings show that the key to boost customer satisfaction in the catering industry is to improve product quality and service. Although traditional competitive strategies such