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Recovery of Ammonium Salt from Nitrate-Containing Water by Iron Nanoparticles and Membrane Contactor
Hwang, Yu-Hoon,Kim, Do-Gun,Ahn, Yong-Tae,Moon, Chung-Man,Shin, Hang-Sik Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 2012 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.17 No.2
This study investigates the complete removal of nitrate and the recovery of valuable ammonium salt by the combination of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) and a membrane contactor system. The NZVI used for the experiments was prepared by chemical reduction without a stabilizing agent. The main end-product of nitrate reduction by NZVI was ammonia, and the solution pH was stably maintained around 10.5. Effective removal of ammonia was possible with the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane contactor system in all tested conditions. Among the various operation parameters including influent pH, concentration, temperature, and contact time, contact time and solution pH showed significant effects on the ammonia removal mechanism. Also, the osmotic distillation phenomena that deteriorate the mass transfer efficiency could be minimized by pre-heating the influent wastewater. The ammonia removal rate could be maximized by optimizing operation conditions and changing the membrane configuration. The combination of NZVI and the membrane contactor system could be a solution for nitrate removal and the recovery of valuable products.
Recovery of Ammonium Salt from Nitrate-Containing Water by Iron Nanoparticles and Membrane Contactor
Yu Hoon Hwang,Do Gun Kim,Yong Tae Ahn,Chung Man Moon,Hang Sik Shin 대한환경공학회 2012 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.17 No.2
This study investigates the complete removal of nitrate and the recovery of valuable ammonium salt by the combination of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) and a membrane contactor system. The NZVI used for the experiments was prepared by chemical reduction without a stabilizing agent. The main end-product of nitrate reduction by NZVI was ammonia, and the solution pH was stably maintained around 10.5. Effective removal of ammonia was possible with the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane contactor system in all tested conditions. Among the various operation parameters including influent pH, concentration, temperature, and contact time, contact time and solution pH showed significant effects on the ammonia removal mechanism. Also, the osmotic distillation phenomena that deteriorate the mass transfer efficiency could be minimized by pre-heating the influent wastewater. The ammonia removal rate could be maximized by optimizing operation conditions and changing the membrane configuration. The combination of NZVI and the membrane contactor system could be a solution for nitrate removal and the recovery of valuable products.
Severe anorexia and weight loss induced by tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients
Hwang Hong Pil,Yu Hee Chul,Chung Byeoung Hoon,강경표,Kim Won,Park Sung Kwang,Lee Sik 대한이식학회 2021 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.35 No.2
Common neuropsychiatric complications of tacrolimus include tremors, fatigue, headache, sleep disorders, paranoid reactions, and anxiety. Other, more serious complications include encephalopathy, convulsions, confusion, and coma. To our knowledge, however, severe weight loss by anorexia has not been reported as a neuropsychiatric adverse effect of tacrolimus given to adult kidney transplant recipients. In this article we present two cases of severe anorexia and weight loss associated with tacrolimus that appeared to reverse with cyclosporine.