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Yoon, Hyunsik,Kim, Soaram,Park, Hyunggil,Nam, Giwoong,Kim, Yangsoo,Leem, Jae-Young,Kim, Min Su,Kim, Byunggu,Kim, Younggyu,Ji, Iksoo,Park, Youngbin,Kim, Ikhyun,Lee, Sang-heon,Jung, Jae Hak,Kim, Jin Soo Korean Physical Society 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.1
Undoped ZnO and Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) thin films with different Ga concentrations were prepared by using the sol-gel spin-coating method. The surface morphologies and the growth orientations of the films were measured by using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The electrical properties were measured by using the Hall effect. The optical transmittances and reflectances of the films were measured as functions of the wavelength by UV-vis spectroscopy. The undoped ZnO thin films exhibited rough surfaces with particle-like structures. When Ga was incorporated, the particle sizes dramatically decreased without changes in the surface morphologies, and the c-axis growth orientations of the GZO thin films were significantly decreased. The optical transmittances clearly exhibited shifts in the band edge, and those in the visible range gradually increased with increasing Ga concentration. The absorption coefficients, refractive indices, extinction constants, dielectric constants, and optical conductivities of the films gradually decreased with increasing Ga concentration.
사용자 움직임 특징의 학습을 이용한 게임 몰입도 측정 시스템
김영빈(YoungBin Kim),강신진(ShinJin Kang),김영선(YoungSun Kim),이상혁(Sang-Hyeok Lee),김창헌(Chang Hun Kim) 한국HCI학회 2014 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.2
본 논문에서는 카메라를 이용하여 사용자의 정보를 획득하고, 이를 통하여 게임 몰입도를 객관적으로 평가하는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 특수한 장치를 필요로 하지 않으며, 카메라로 포착 가능한 사용자의 움직임에 기반한 특징들을 이용하여 기계학습을 수행하여 사용자의 몰입도를 객관적으로 측정할 수 있다. 실험을 통하여 PC환경기반 게임에서의 몰입도 측정을 위한 시스템 구축 및 해당 시스템의 완성도를 검증해보았다. 논문에 제시된 시스템은 PC 환경에서 제공하는 모든 장시간 몰입 콘텐츠에 대한 객관적인 몰입도를 측정하는 척도로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. This paper acquired users’ information by using a camera and then through the information it proposed measurement system which evaluates game immersion objectively. The proposed system doesn’t need any special equipment and it can measure the users’ game immersion objectively through conducting machine learning by using the characteristics based on the users’ movement which can be captured by a camera. This paper verified the system establishment for measurement of game immersion based on the PC environment and the system’s degree of completion through a test. The system which is proposed in this paper can be used as a criterion of measuring objective immersion for a long time in all the contents in PC environment.
Kim, Hee Joong,Choi, Kwonyong,Baek, Youngbin,Kim, Dong-Gyun,Shim, Jimin,Yoon, Jeyong,Lee, Jong-Chan American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.4
<P>Polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are prepared by interfacial polymerization using trimesoyl chloride (TMC) solutions in <I>n</I>-hexane and aqueous solutions of <I>m</I>-phenylenediamine (MPD) containing functionalized CNTs. The functionalized CNTs are prepared by the reactions of pristine CNTs with acid mixture (sulfuric acid and nitric acid of 3:1 volume ratio) by varying amounts of acid, reaction temperature, and reaction time. CNTs prepared by an optimized reaction condition are found to be well-dispersed in the polyamide layer, which is confirmed from atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy studies. The polyamide RO membranes containing well-dispersed CNTs exhibit larger water flux values than polyamide membrane prepared without any CNTs, although the salt rejection values of these membranes are close. Furthermore, the durability and chemical resistance against NaCl solutions of the membranes containing CNTs are found to be improved compared with those of the membrane without CNTs. The high membrane performance (high water flux and salt rejection) and the improved stability of the polyamide membranes containing CNTs are ascribed to the hydrophobic nanochannels of CNTs and well-dispersed states in the polyamide layers formed through the interactions between CNTs and polyamide in the active layers.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-4/am405398f/production/images/medium/am-2013-05398f_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am405398f'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Polymorphic expression of DAZ proteins in the human testis
Kim, Byunghyuk,Lee, Youngbin,Kim, Yeonwha,Lee, Kyung Ho,Chun, Sunhye,Rhee, Kunsoo,Seo, Ju Tae,Kim, Soo Woong,Paick, Jae-Seung Oxford University Press 2009 Human reproduction Vol.24 No.6
<P>BACKGROUND:DAZ is a male infertility gene located at the AZFc region of the Y chromosome. There are four copies of the DAZ gene that share a strong homology but are not identical to one another. In the present study, we carried out cDNA cloning and immunoblot analyses to determine whether all of the DAZ genes are actively expressed in the human testis. METHODS:AZFc deletion was detected by sequence-tagged site polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of genomic DNA isolated from blood samples. DAZ cDNAs were cloned with RT-PCR followed by sequence analysis. The expression of DAZ proteins in human testis was determined by immunoblot and compared with DAZ cDNA expression. RESULTS:Immunoblot analysis revealed four DAZ protein bands in testis samples that showed no deletions in the AZFc region. No specific bands were observed in samples from AZFc deletion patients. Testis samples from individuals with the partial AZFc deletion, gr/gr, showed two DAZ-specific bands. Interestingly, the sizes of DAZ-specific bands varied among individuals. Analysis of DAZ transcripts in testis samples revealed that the DAZ proteins were translated from the largest of the multiple transcripts originating from each single DAZ gene. CONCLUSIONS:All four DAZ genes are expressed in the human testis, and their products are highly polymorphic among men.</P>