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Kim, Yemi,Roh, Byoung-Duck,Shin, Yooseok,Kim, Bom Sahn,Choi, Yoo-lim,Ha, Aena Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS - Vol.44 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Introduction</B></P> <P>The aim of this study was to determine the morphologic characteristics of mandibular first molars having 2 canals in distal roots. Interorifice distance, buccal bone thickness, and root curvature were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography images in a Korean population.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>In total, 1958 mandibular first molars were evaluated in axial, coronal, sagittal, and paraxial planes. Distal roots having 2 canals were classified according to their root and canal shapes (2 roots, 2 canals [2R2C]; 1 root, 2 canals with 2 apical foramina [1R2C(2-2)]; and 1 root, 2 canals with 1 apical foramen [1R2C(2-1)]). The distances between orifices and the distance from the apex to the buccal bone plate were measured for each root canal shape (2R2C, 1R2C[2-2], and 1R2C[2-1]). The curvature of distolingual (DL) roots was classified according to severity using 3-dimensional reconstructed images, and the direction of curvature was determined. The relationships of these characteristics to sex and side were evaluated.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The prevalences of 2R2C, 1R2C(2-2), and 1R2C(2-1) were 25.89%, 10.32%, and 14.15%, respectively. The distances between distobuccal (DB) and DL orifices were 3.77 ± 0.74 mm for 2R2C, 3.02 ± 0.65 mm for 1R2C(2-2), and 2.44 ± 0.64 mm for 1R2C(2-1). The distances from the buccal plate to the DB canal were 3.84 ± 1.35 mm for 2R2C, 5.33 ± 1.41 mm for 1R2C(2-2), and 5.96 ± 1.63 mm for 1R2C(2-1). The distance from the buccal plate to the DL canal was 9.85 ± 1.46 mm for 2R2C, and 8.28 ± 1.50 mm for 1R2C(2-2). All distances differed significantly according to root canal configurations, and all were greater in men than women (<I>P</I> < .05), except for the DB-DL orifice distance in 1R2C(2-2) and the DB to buccal cortical plate distance in all root configurations (<I>P</I> > .05). No significant difference between the left and right sides was found (<I>P</I> > .05). The prevalence of most severely curved DL roots (type III) was 62.92%, and the direction was commonly toward the buccal side (69.03%).</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>The prevalence of mandibular first molars having 2 canals in distal roots was more than 50% in a Korean population. Interorifice distances between DB and DL canals and distances from the apex to the buccal cortical plate differed according to root and canal numbers and shapes.</P>
Kim, Sena,Ahn, Moonsang,Piao, Yibo,Ha, Yooseok,Choi, Dae-Kyoung,Yi, Min-Hee,Shin, Nara,Kim, Dong Woon,Oh, Sang-Ha Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - Lippincott Wi 2016 Plastic and reconstructive surgery Vol.138 No.5
<P>Background: One of the most serious complications of breast surgery using implants is capsular contracture. Several preventive treatments have been introduced; however, the mechanism of capsule formation has not been resolved completely. The authors previously identified negative effects of botulinum toxin type A on capsule formation, expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1, and differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Thus, the authors investigated how to prevent capsule formation by using botulinum toxin type A, particularly by means of TGF-beta 1 signaling, in human fibroblasts. Methods: In vitro, cultured human fibroblasts were treated with TGF-beta 1 and/or botulinum toxin type A. Expression of collagen, matrix metalloproteinase, and Smad was examined by Western blotting. The activation of matrix metalloproteinase was observed by gelatin zymography. In vivo, the effect of botulinum toxin type A on the phosphorylation of Smad2 in silicone-induced capsule formation was evaluated by immunocytochemistry. Results: In vitro, the phosphorylation of Smad2 was inhibited by botulinum toxin type A treatment. The expression levels of collagen types 1 and 3 were inhibited by botulinum toxin type A treatment, whereas those of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were enhanced. Gelatin zymography experiments confirmed enhanced matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity in collagen degradation. In vivo, botulinum toxin type A treatment reduced capsule thickness and Smad2 phosphorylation in silicone-induced capsules. Conclusion: This study suggests that botulinum toxin type A plays an important role in the inhibition of capsule formation through the TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway.</P>
온라인 동영상 서비스의 혐오표현 콘텐츠 이용 경험과 규제 인식이 이용과 지속 이용 의도에 미치는 영향
김형지(Kim, Hyoung-Jee),김유석(Kim, Yooseok),김용희(Kim, Yonghee) 한국서비스경영학회 2021 서비스경영학회지 Vol.22 No.1
The purpose of this study is to analyze the perception of major online video service users of hate speech concepts, hate speech content usage experiences, and regulations. It conducted an online survey of 520 users of YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. As a result of the analysis, the level of awareness of self-regulation was high for hate expression regulations. This could be used as a basis for understanding hate speech from the perspective of using online video services and for planning regulatory policies at the service provider and government level. This study is an exploratory study of the relationship between hate speech and service use of online video services. Unlike previous studies focused on legal discussions and fact-finding surveys on hate speech, we analyzed hate speech concepts, regulatory directions from the perspective of users. It is expected to refer to policies and regulations to minimize hate speech on online video service.
지중 매설물 이력 관리 시스템 개발을 위한 전자인식기의 현장 적용성 검증 연구
정유석(YooSeok Jung),김솔람(Soullam Kim),김병곤(Byungkon Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.1
도시의 다양한 기능을 제공하기 위해 다양한 유틸리티 라인들이 지중에 매설되어 있다. 하지만, 관련 이력이 체계적으로 관리되고 있지 않아 굴착 공사 시 파손과 같은 피해가 발생하고 있다. 또한, 공중선 지중화 사업이 진행됨에 따라 지중 매설물 이력 관리 시스템의 필요성이 더욱 제기되고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) Beacon, UHF RFID(Ultra High Frequency Radio-Frequency Identification), 지자기 센서, 및 상용 마커와 같은 전자인식기를 관로 등의 지중 매설물에 설치하여 관리 이력과 현장 상황 관리 가능성에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 현장 시범사업을 통해 각 전자인식기의 장단점과 현장 적용성을 분석하였다. 두 차례의 제한적인 시범사업을 통해 수집한 연구 결과에 따르면 전자인식기의 성능을 발휘하기 위해서는 설치 깊이를 통제하는 것이 가장 중요했다. 또한 도심에서 활용해야 하는 만큼 주변 환경 간섭에 따른 영향이 최소화되어야 하고 시간에 따른 성능 저하가 없어야 한다. 지자기인식기의 경우 주변 환경간섭의 영향이 컸고 BLE Beacon의 경우는 시간에 따른 성능저하가 발생하였다. 설치 깊이가 40cm 미만으로 통제될 수 있는 현장 상황에서는 배터리를 사용하지 않는 방식의 UHF RFID의 활용성이 가장 뛰어났다. Many utility lines are buried underground to provide various functions of the city. Because historical records are not managed systematically, damage has occurred during excavation. In addition, the demand for an underground facility management system is increasing as the aerial underground project is progressing. By attaching an electronic recognition sensor to an underground facility, such as pipelines, the management history and site conditions can be carefully managed. Therefore, in this study, electronic recognition sensors, such as BLE Beacon, UHF RFID, geomagnetic sensor, and commercial marker, were tested to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, and field applicability through a pilot project. According to the limited research results collected through two pilot projects, the installation depth is most important to demonstrate the performance of the electronic reader. In addition, because it should be used in urban areas, the influence of environmental interference should be minimized, and there should be no performance degradation over time. In the case of the geomagnetic recognizer, the effect of environmental interference was large, and performance degradation occurred over time using the BLE Beacon. In the field situation, where the installation depth can be controlled to less than 40cm, the utility of the battery-free UHF RFID was the best.