Apoptosis and necroptosis‑inducing effects of arctigenin on nasal septum carcinoma RPMI‑2650 cells in 2D and 3D culture

Yoon‑Jin Lee,Kwan‑Sik Park,Byoung Joon Baek,Kyong‑Ae Lee,Sang‑Han Lee 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.1

Backgrounds Arctigenin derived from the seeds of Arctium lappa Linnaeus is known as an anticancer drug candidate by targeting various pathways involved in anticancer therapy. Methods Using 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid culture systems in nasal septum carcinoma RPMI-2650 cells, the effects of arctigenin and dexamethasone on cell viability, ROS levels, ATP level, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and necroptosis were examined. Results The combination treatment of both compounds induced strong cytotoxicity, accompanied by increases of sub-G0/ G1 peak, annexin V-PE-positive cells, and ROS levels, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and decrease of cellular ATP content. These changes were observed as simultaneous induction of DNA damage, apoptosis, and necroptosis. A series of changes by arctigenin and dexamethasone were efficiently restored by decreasing ROS levels or supplementing ATP. Treatment of 3D spheroids with arctigenin and dexamethasone decreased cell viability in the spheroids, but it was slightly resistant than cells under 2D conditions. In addition, this phenomenon was accompanied by an increase in mediators for both apoptosis and necroptosis. Conclusion Results of this study suggest that the apoptosis and necroptosis-inducing effects of arctigenin are associated with ATP depletion due to oxidative mitochondrial dysfunction.

전염소 투입 및 정수지 구조가 정수장 총소독능에서 갖는 중요성 평가

윤제용(Je Yong Yoon),변석종(Seok Jong Byun),최유식(Yu Sik Choi) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Disinfection is one of the most important processes in water treatment plants since it protects consumers from waterborne diseases. In Korea, chlorine which is most frequently used as a disinfectant is generally applied in two ways: prechlorination and postchlorination. Postchlorination is to supply chlorine to the influent of a clearwell. While, prechlorination is to add chlorine to rapid mixing chamber or water intake in plants. Major disinfection reaction occurs in the step of post chlorination. Therefore, frequently, prechlorination is not counted on in evaluating disinfection credit. This study was conducted to evaluate the importance of prechlorination and the existence of baffling wall in clearwell with the United States disinfection requirement(Surface Water Treatment Rule). Eight water plants were considered. Yoon`s classification(1997) was selected in classifying the prechlorination practice in water treatment plant. It was found that most of the prechlorination practices performed in water plants(three out of four types) were not important in gaining any significant disinfection credit. One prechlorination practice conducted to remove ammonia in raw water became significant in meeting the disinfection requirement. Despite the existence of baffling walls of clearwell, T_(10)/T varied considerably in the range of 0.3-0.6, indicating that the existence of baffling wall itself does not guarantee the goodness of plug flow characteristics. For some plants, T_(10)/T were lower than that of US-EPA conservative recommendation which is considered when tracer test could not be performed.

Cloning and mRNA Expression Analysis of the Gene Encoding Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase of the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Tricholoma matsutake

( Hyeok Jun Yoon1 ),( Young Hyun You ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Young Ja Kim ),( Won Sik Kong ),( Jong Guk Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

The ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma matsutake grows symbiotically with Pinus densiflora. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (E.C. 4.3.1.24) catalyzes the conversion of L-phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid. The role of fungal phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, however, has not been clear until now. In this study, the gene encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), which was isolated from T. matsutake, was cloned and characterized. The PAL gene (tmpal) consists of 2,160 nucleotides, coding for a polypeptide containing 719 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of tmpal from T. matsutake shows high identity (70%) with that from Laccaria bicolor. Comparative analysis of the PAL genes among T. matsutake and other species of the class Agaricomycetes showed that both active sites and binding sites were significantly conserved among these genes. The transcriptional analysis of the PAL gene revealed a differential gene expression pattern depending on the developmental stages (mycelium, primordium, stipe, pileus, and gills) of T. matsutake. These results suggest that the PAL gene in T. matsutake plays an important role in multiple physiological functions.

The Exit Bending Phenomenon in Bicomponent Polymer Melt Flow

Yoon, Won-Sik,Cho, Jae-Whan 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1984 연구보고 Vol.12 No.1

두 종류의 용융高分子 物質을 die를 통하여 接合型으로 吐出시킬때 die出口에서 일어나는 휨現象을 指數法則流體를 模型으로 하여 理論式으로 展開, 解析하였다. 휨角은 consistent factor와 ratio of extrudate swelling 각각에 대하여 증가함을 보여주고, phase portion에 대하여서는 極값을 가짐을 알 수 있다. 模型의 power index가 감소함에 따라 휨角이 증가함을 알 수 있다.

Improvement of Dynamic Respiration Monitoring Through Sensor Fusion of Accelerometer and Gyro-sensor

Yoon, Ja-Woong,Noh, Yeon-Sik,Kwon, Yi-Suk,Kim, Won-Ki,Yoon, Hyung-Ro The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.1

In this paper, we suggest a method to improve the fusion of an accelerometer and gyro sensor by using a Kalman filter to produce a more high-quality respiration signal to supplement the weakness of using a single accelerometer. To evaluate our proposed algorithm's performance, we developed a chest belt-type module. We performed experiments consisting of aerobic exercise and muscular exercises with 10 subjects. We compared the derived respiration signal from the accelerometer with that from our algorithm using the standard respiration signal from the piezoelectric sensor in the time and frequency domains during the aerobic and muscular exercises. We also analyzed the time delay to verify the synchronization between the output and standard signals. We confirmed that our algorithm improved the respiratory rate's detection accuracy by 4.6% and 9.54% for the treadmill and leg press, respectively, which are dynamic. We also confirmed a small time delay of about 0.638 s on average. We determined that real-time monitoring of the respiration signal is possible. In conclusion, our suggested algorithm can acquire a more high-quality respiration signal in a dynamic exercise environment away from a limited static environment to provide safer and more effective exercises and improve exercise sustainability.

Impact of High-Normal Blood Pressure Measured in Emergency Room on Adverse Cardiac Events in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Yoon, Nam Sik,Jeong, Myung Ho,Ahn, Youngkeun,Kim, Jong Hyun,Chae, Shung Chull,Kim, Young Jo,Hur, Seung Ho,Seong, In Whan,Hong, Taek Jong,Choi, Donghoon,Cho, Myeong Chan,Kim, Chong Jin,Seung, Ki Bae,Ch The Korean Society of Cardiology 2012 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.42 No.5

<P><B>Background and Objectives</B></P><P>Prehypertension according to JNC7 is common and is associated with increased vascular mortality. The importance of management in high-normal blood pressure (BP) is underemphasized.</P><P><B>Subjects and Methods</B></P><P>We analyzed major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry in normal BP (group I) and high-normal BP (group II) patients.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Among 14871 patients, 159 (61±12.3 years, 122 males) satisfied the study indication. Six-month and one-year clinical follow-up rate was 88.9% and 85.8%, respectively. Group I had 78 patients (60.9±12.4 years). Group II had 81 patients (61.6±12.5 years). Demographics of patients were not different between groups. Treatment strategy was not different. Initial Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow grade 0 was less frequent in group II (n=32, 47.1%) than in group I (n=16, 21.9%) (p=0.001). Successful intervention rate was not different between group II (93.8%) and group I (97.1%) (p=0.590). Six-month MACE occurred in 3 patients in group I (4.4%) and 10 in group II (15.6%) (p=0.031). Compared with normal BP, the odds ratio for patients with high-normal BP was 1.147 (p=0.045, 95% confidence interval 1.011-1.402) for 6-month MACE.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Even though high-normal BP patients had a better baseline clinical status, the prognosis was poorer than patients with normal BP. Therapeutic BP target goal for the patients with acute myocardial infarction should be <140/90 mm Hg, which is recommended in JNC7.</P>

Fixed Point Implementation of the QCELP Speech Coder

Yoon, Byung-Sik,Kim, Jae-Won,Lee, Won-Myoung,Jang, Seok-Jin,Choi, Song_in,Lim, Myoung-Seon Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 1997 ETRI Journal Vol.19 No.3

The Qualcomm code excited linear prediction (QCELP) speech coder was adopted to increase the capacity of the CDMA Mobile System (CMS). In this paper, we implemented the QCELP speech coding algorithm by using TMS320C50 fixed point DSP chip. Also the fixed point simulation was done with C language. The computation complexity of QCELP on TMS320C50 was 10k words and data memory was 4k words. In the normal call test on the CMS, where mobile to mobile call test was done in the bypass mode without double vocoding, mean opinion score for the speech quality was he Qualcomm code excited linear prediction (QCELP) speech quality was 3.11.

Mobile Device Driver for U-Storage System

Yoon-Sik Kwak,Seok-Il Song,Young-Sik Kwak 한국정보기술학회 2007 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.5 No.1

The internet disk that this paper presents for mobile device makes a long-distanced storage recognized as a local storage. It goes beyond the established concept of saving the data of a distant area and down-loading or up-loading them into mobile device; assuming the storage of the distant area as a local storage of mobile device, this system makes the storage of the distant area available anywhere to the user. The U-Storage System consists of designing parts of the protocol of internet disk for mobile device, the client, and the server. It was implemented by information device of Windows CE environment. This system has adopted the way of using the client rather than the web that uses access. To implement this system, the protocol for data transmitted between the server and the client is needed to transmit disk controlling instruction in the right form. That is, the communication protocol of this system consists of “log-in/log-out” and “data reading/data writing.” Each instruction is made of packet data units (PDU), and simple protocol is implemented to process the device placed at the bottom of the system.On the other hand, Based on the log-in, log-out, reading, writing processing, We are able to management of U-Storage system.

A Study on the Advanced Communication Protocol for U-Storage System

Yoon-Sik Kwak,Seok-Il Song 한국정보기술학회 2007 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.5 No.2

The internet disk that this paper presents for mobile device makes a long-distanced storage recognized as a local storage. It goes beyond the established concept of saving the data of a distant area and down-loading or up-loading them into mobile device; assuming the storage of the distant area as a local storage of mobile device, this system makes the storage of the distant area available anywhere to the user. The U-Storage System consists of designing parts of the protocol of internet disk for mobile device, the client, and the server. It was implemented by information device of Windows CE environment. This system has adopted the way of using the client rather than the web that uses access. To implement this system, the protocol for data transmitted between the server and the client is needed to transmit disk controlling instruction in the right form. That is, the communication protocol of this system consists of log-in/log-out and data reading/data writing/Each instruction is made of packet data units (PDU), and simple protocol is implemented to process the device placed at the bottom of the system. On the other hand, Based on the log-in, log-out, reading, writing processing, We are able to management of U-Storage system.

HBV : The Fate of Chronic Hepatitis B in the Era of Antiviral Therapy

( Yoon Hea Park ),( Beom Kyung Kim ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Seung Up Kim ),( Do Young Kim ),( Ja Kyung Kim ),( Kwan Sik Lee ),( Kwang Hyub Han ),( Chae Yoon Chon ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), either of which can lead to a liver-related death. The progression of liver disease in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is fostered by active virus replication. Recently, antiviral therapy with minimal side effects have become available to achieve sustained suppression of HBV replication, thereby preventing cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and, ultimately, HCC. The aim of this study is to reappraise the clinical courses regarding disease progression in the era of antiviral therapy for Korean CHB patients who were potential candidates for antiviral therapy. Methods: Between 2001 and 2005, treatment-naive CHB patients without cirrhosis were enrolled and followed-up for at least 5years. During follow-up period, patients have received antiviral therapy according to the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver guideline, if indicated. Ultrasonography and laboratory assessment were performed regularly. Primary endpoints were development of cirrhosis, or hepatic decompensation, HCC, or liver-related deaths, which were examined using Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Of 360 patients, 323 (89.7%) received antiviral therapy such as lamivudine (70.6%), entecavir (8.7%), or telbivudine (6.5%). During a median follow-up period of 94 months, cirrhosis developed in 29 (8.1%) patients, hepatic decompensation in 4 (1.1%) patients, and HCC in 15 (4.2%) patients. The annual incidence of cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and HCC were 1.05%, 0.14%, and 0.53% per person-year, respectively. Age was an independent prognostic factor for developing cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR] 1.075; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.037-1.116), whereas those for developing HCC were age (HR 1.060, 95% CI 1.012-1.111) and progression to cirrhosis (HR 17.470, 95% CI 5.081-60.063). Conclusions: In the era of antiviral therapy, the overall clinical courses of patients with CHB in Korea have been much improved since the introduction of lamivudine in 1999. However, older age and cirrhosis still remain risk factors for HCC.