펄스 옥시미터 시스템 구현에 관한 연구

유동주,허 웅,김근이,이호재,임현수 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1992 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.-

In this paper, we implemented a pulse oximeter system which is measured oxygen saturation coefficient of a human blood in vivc We use the Beer-Lambert Law to measure the percentage of hemoglobin is oxygen saturation. The oximeter sensor are consisted of two LED(RED and INFRARED LED) and a single photodiode. The photodiode measures lights which transmitted through the tissue from two light source alternately, We calculated a ratio of light transmittance between two LEDs and then, it applied for the oxygen saturation coefficient calculation to formula. As a result, the oxygen saturation coefficient that measured from normal conditions men was 96.43[%]

우리나라 行政區劃線의 不合理要因과 그 改善方向에 관한 硏究

金裕赫,琴東信,梁在乾,李鳳三 단국대학교 법정대학 지역개발학과 1980 地域開發論叢 Vol.2 No.-

1. This thesis aims at analyzing the characteristics of the demarcation line of the administration areas in Korea by reviewing the history and background of how it was drawn and at the same time at exploring ways of correcting factors contributing to problems and ineffectiveness of administration. In order to collect data of opinions on this matter from officials actually assigned to the counties and their sub-level administration areas where administration is bifurcated in two separated blocks of areas, irrespective of the administrative efficiency and convenience of the populace in the areas, we selected eight kuns of this nature and sent questionaires to 488 chiefs and leading officials of kuns, myuns and villages. A total of 237 persons, 48.6% out of 488 responded. This data proved to be very expedient and instrumental in carrying out this study. 2. One of the characteristics of the demarcation line of administration areas is that it is drawn on the basis of natural conditions such as the extention of mountains, meandering lines of rivers, the formation of the community, traditional reasons, and so forth rather than on the theoretical as well practical backgrounds imbued with administrative philosophy, which seeks for rational and balanced development of a whole community with two factors in mind: the principle of spatial division as an administrative skill and the principle of spatial harmony for balanced division of administration zones. However, it is true that a large number of local inhabitants have felt inconveniences due to the boundary lines being zigzag or meandering. When we surveyed on the frequency of going to market as an indicator of economic activities of the people living along the boundary lines, it is found that almost 77.6% of the people questioned answered that they were going to markets located in the neighboring kun rather than those in their own administration zones. The factors that lead to choosing markets are usually two: one is spatial distance and the other is the peoples norm of life. Although the nature of the responses may vary according to where people live within the divided block of the administration area, a total of 86.6% of the questioned expressed their hope that the boundary lines would be straightened. This reflects their wishes of improving the efficiency of local administration and convenience of living for effectiveness of the administration cantrol. For example, state boundary lines of the U.S and Australia belong to the theoretical type is whereas sung boundary lines of China and kun(county) demarcation lines of Korea belong to the natural condition (or setting) type. Especially, some of administration demarcation lines of Korea have been zigzay so that one kun is divided into two or more separate blocks of areas as the result of city administration areas within the kun becoming enlarged. There are eight cases of this nature in Korea. 3. Our survey which was conducted to discover in part the extent of awareness of such bifurcation or division by the inhabitants living in the divided zones, showed that only 83.4% of those who responded said that they had knows the fact and the remaining 15.5% were quite unaware of the fact until they came to realize it upon reading our questionaire. This extent of unawareness means that local ranking administration leaders did not pay much attention to the effect of the local administration with respect to the boundary lines. 4. Speaking from the above finding, we are to propose that irrational factors related to the present administration demareation lines be corrected and improved for the following reasons: 1) To enhence the efficiency of administration, 2) To reestablish the system of utilization of resources 3) And finally to enlarge the integrated potentials of various social dynamics. We hope that efforts will be made to straighten administration demarcation lines as far as possible, taking into consideration the opinions and wishes of the people living in the affected areas and zones so that directions of development and improvement on this matter may be effectively explored. At the same time we propose the establishment of long range policies with a view of eliminating disparity in the development between the regions, by implementing necessary measures for development of local cities.

최근 Flat Scanner와 기술 동향에 관한 분석

김두식,정기영,유건룡 혜전대학 1998 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

These days, the scanner systems is one of the electronic products which the speed of development is very fast. It has the inseparable relation to computers, its application has extended to INTERNET. In this paper, we research the its internal structure and the field of the related application regarding the color flat scanner system. Specially we have analyzed its architecture in detail; Opto-Mechanical system, Electronic system, Function block diagram, CAL, VIN Test etc., choose the VISTA-T630 model as a sample. Day by day the computer´s function has been elevated, also the processing technology for the graphics become to diversify. Therefore, many kinds of peripherals have appeared, but our realistic given conditions are inclined to the investment for the field of data communications, disregard that on concerning the image capturing equipments. All of technology can not develop suddenly, so we hope to pave the developing way for the field of scanners by this paer.

거대 점오염원이 주변 대기질에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김유근,이화운,전병일,장은숙,홍정혜,문윤섭,원경미,송정희 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1996 環境硏究報 Vol.14 No.1

In order to show the effect of a vast point pollutant source on air quality of Pusan Thermoeletric Power Plant and its surrounding area, air quality around Pusan Thermoeletric Power Plant was simulated by ISCLT-2 which was supplied by EPA. For this purpose the emission amount of SO_2, NO_2 and TSP was calculated and atmospheric stability was classified for a recent decade(1985~1994) in Pusan. A result of the emission amount showed that much amount of NO_2, NO_2 and TSP are emitted from industrial area. It was clear that NO_2 is much emitted from line source and industrial area. And as a result of classification of atmospheric stability, neutral, stable and unstable state were 58%, 24.1% and 17.9%, respectivly. The result of ai quality simulation by ISCLT-2 showed that Pusan Thermoeletric Power Plant is affecting on the increse of 2.0ppb, 3.0ppb and 5.0㎍/㎥, SO_2, NO_2, and TSP respectively at its surrounding area, site A-3 which was located westward 2.2㎞ distance from Plant

부산연안역에서의 대기오염기상 예보시스템 개발에 관한 연구 : 고농도 오존일의 예측을 중심으로 Centering around Forecast of Ozone Episode Day

김유근,이화운,전병일,홍정혜,문윤섭 한국환경과학회 1996 한국환경과학회지 Vol.5 No.4

Pusan is the largest coastal city with a population of about four million in Korea. Because of increased and confused traffic, photochemical air pollution become a major urban environmental problem recently. The photo-chemical air pollution weather forecasting method preciser than existing air pollution forecast method has been developed to forecast ozone episode days with meteorological conditions using the data measured at 7 air quality continuous monitoring stations from June to September using 2 years (1994, 1995). The method developed in present study showed higher percentage correct and skill score than existing air pollution forecasting in KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration).

창원지역에서의 대기오염물질 배출량 산정

김유근,박상철,문윤섭,오인보,황미경 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2002 環境硏究報 Vol.20 No.-

Emissions of air pollutants (TSP, SO2, NO2, CO, and HC) was estimated in Changwon city that has the industrial complex and basin terrain. We found that the emissions of TSP, SO2, NO2, CO, and HC were 897 tons, 3,287 tons, 5,706 tons, 10,057 tons, and 1,470 tons for a year, respectively and the main source of air pollutants were vehicle. The ratios of vehicle emissions to total emissions ware TSP 63.8%, SO2 26.1%, NO2 65.5%, CO 91.0%, HC 94.4%. The ratios of industry emissions to total emissions were TSP 30.8%, SO2 60.2%, NO2 25.2%, CO 6.4%, HC 3.7%. The ratio of life emissions to total emissions are TSP 5.4%, SO2 13.7%, NO2 9.3%, CO 2.6%, HC 1.9%. The concentration distributions of air pollutants simulated by ISCST3 model were similar to its emission distributions, and relatively high concentrations of air pollutants occurred in the Palyong-dong (industrial area) and Banlim and Chungang (residual area).

황사의 지속시간에 따른 대기 중 농도변동 및 종관기상장 특성

김유근,송상근,강재은 한국대기환경학회 2004 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.20 No.4

We determined Asian dust days by constructing the standard of Asian dust using PM_10 concentrations (≥150 ugm-³, 24-hr average) and TOMS aerosol index (≥0.7) for 5 years (1998-2002), and grouped into long-lasted cases (LLCs, ≥4 days) and short-lasted cases (SLCs, ≤2 days) concerning the mean lasting time (about 3 days) of Asian dust. Further we performed the specific analyses associated with concentration variations and synoptic conditions by using PM_10 and TOMS data, weather maps during the dusty cases (LLCs and SLCs). As a result, the LLCs (9 cases) had large variations of PM_10 concentration as the mean of 131 ugm-³ and the maximum mean of 379.8 ugm-³, and showed dominant features the continuous passage of deep trough caused by blocking effect and weak trough (56%, 5 cases) over Korea. The SLCs (11 cases) had relatively small variations of PM_10 concentration as the mean of 133.3 ugm-³ and the maximum mean of 247.2 ugm-³, and showed passage of one weak trough (64%, 7 cases) over Korea. Thereafter, the case studies (April 7-13, 2002 of LLC and March 23-24, 2000 of SLC) performed by the simulation of MM5 with meteorological variables of the horizontal wind, potential temperature, isentropic potential vorticity, and helped to better understand the features of synoptic conditions in connection with the concentration variations for each case.

부산지역의 도시기후 특성

김유근,박종길,오인보,임윤규 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 環境硏究報 Vol.17 No.1

Long-term changes of urban climate in Pusan was analyzed for 79 years(1920-1988) and estimated the risirrate to be 0.16℃/(10years) for the annual mean temperature, -0.07℃/(10years) for daily temperature range and 19.7mm/(10 years) for annual lotal precipitation. In horizontal distnbution for two years(1997-1998), urban heat island errect was found to be signficant at coastal and urbarized areas(△Tu-r max-2.1℃)with large anthropogenic heat emissions. In case of Precipitation, large amounts was doserved at the coastal area(Kwangbok-dong: 1813mm)and the lee of the city(Seomyun:1525mm, Tongnae: 1522mm).

Forward Scattering Meter 측정에 의한 부산의 하계 시정 특성

김유근,배주현,이수현 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.5

Visibility reduction is a barometer of air pollution, which people can notice easily. First of all, we need to measure quantified visibility continuously in order to examine visibility reduction. Prevailing visibility is not practical to measure visibility depending on observer's expertness. Scattering visibility using Forward Scattering Meter (Belfort Visibility Sensor 6230) has been measured at Kwangan-Dong in Pusan and analysed since July, 1998. According to the analysis, the correlation coefficient(R) between prevailing visibility and scattering visibility was 0.7235. The visibility appeared that each frequency of poor visibility (under 6㎞) and good visibility(over 25㎞) was 10.6%, 9.7% on summertime in Pusan and the visibility range from 10km to 20km ranked high frequency as a half of whole ranges. The order of correlation coefficients between visibility and air pollutants are ranking CO, PM_10 and NO_2, that values are 0.5878, 0.5369, 0.5284 respectively. In meteorological factor, the case of poor visibility presented more weakly wind speed and higher relative humidity than the case of good visibility. The correlation coefficient between calculated visibility of multiple linear regression model and observed visibility was 0.7215. But the trend of calculated and observed visibility variation was similar with the exception of several good visibility cases.

서울과 부산지역 기상의 영향을 제거한 오존농도 추세

김유근,오인보,황미경 한국대기환경학회 2003 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.19 No.5

Surface ozone concentrations are highly sensitive to meteorological variability. Therefore, in order to reveal the long-term changes in ozone due to the changes in precursor emissions, we need to remove the effects of meteorological fluctuations on the annual distribution of surface ozone. In this paper, the meteorologically adjusted trends of daily maximum surface ozone concentrations in two major Korean cities(Seoul and Busan) are investigated based on ozone data from II(Seoul) and 6(Busan) sites over the period 1992~2000. The original time series consisting of the logarithm of daily maximum ozone concentrations are splitted into long-term, seasonal and short-term component using Kolmogorov-Zurbenko(KZ) filter. Meteorological effects are removed from filtered ozoned ozone series using multiple linear regression based on meteorologcial variables. The long term evolution of ozone forming capability due to changes in precursor emission can be obtained applying the KZ filter to the residuals of the regression. The results indicated that meteorologically adjusted long-term daily maximum ozone concentrations had a significant upward trend(Seoul:+3.02%yr¹, Busan: +3.45%yr¹). These changes of meteorologically adjusted ozone concentrations represent the effects of changing background ozone concentrations as well as the more localized changes in emissions.