Non-volatile, Li-doped ion gel electrolytes for flexible WO₃-based electrochromic devices

Yun, Tae Yong,Li, Xinlin,Bae, Jaehyun,Kim, Se Hyun,Moon, Hong Chul Elsevier 2019 Materials & Design Vol.162 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs) based on Li-doped ion gels and tungsten trioxide (WO<SUB>3</SUB>) are demonstrated. Colored ECDs cannot be produced using conventional ion gels comprised of copolymers and room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) due to a lack of cations that can be inserted into WO<SUB>3</SUB>. Based on considerations of the coloration mechanism, we developed Li-doped ion gels and applied these to devices. The effects of Li salt concentration are systematically examined, with respect to device dynamics, coloration efficiency, and transmittance contrast. In addition, the coloration/bleaching switching stability of the ECD produced using optimal Li salt content is investigated. The ECD exhibits distinct colored and bleached states even after 24 h operation in air. Using the described Li-doped ion gel electrolytes, flexible WO<SUB>3</SUB> ECDs were successfully demonstrated with good bending stability and no electrolyte leakage.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Non-volatile, Li-doped ion gel electrolytes are designed for flexible WO<SUB>3</SUB>-based ECDs. </LI> <LI> ECDs exhibit low voltage operation (–0.9 V) and large transmittance contrast (~85%) between colored and bleached states. </LI> <LI> Electrolyte leakage is not observed in flexible ECDs containing Li-doped gel electrolyte when bending deformation is applied. </LI> <LI> Flexible ECDs maintain ~90.3 and ~84.5% of initial optical transmittance and coloration efficiency after 1000 bending tests. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Dual-Function Electrochromic Supercapacitors Displaying Real-Time Capacity in Color

Yun, Tae Yong,Li, Xinlin,Kim, Se Hyun,Moon, Hong Chul American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.50

<P>Dual-function electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSs) that indicate their real-time charge capacity in color are fabricated using tungsten trioxide (WO<SUB>3</SUB>) and Li-doped ion gels containing hydroquinone (HQ). The ECSs can simultaneously serve as either electrochromic devices or supercapacitors. The coloration/bleaching and charging/discharging characteristics are investigated between 0 and −1.5 V. At the optimal HQ concentration, large transmittance contrast (∼91%), high coloration efficiency (∼61.9 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/C), high areal capacitance (∼13.6 mF/cm<SUP>2</SUP>), and good charging/discharging cyclic stability are achieved. Flexible ECSs are fabricated on plastic substrates by exploiting the elastic characteristics of the gel electrolytes, and they exhibit good bending durability. Moreover, practical feasibility is evaluated by demonstrating the use of the ECSs as an energy storage device and a power source.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Hanger로 보강된 스터드 접합부의 인장거동에 관한 실험적 연구

박휘규,김승훈,이리형,이용택,황홍순,이정희 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

This paper presents the tensile behavior of the stud connection between reinforced concrete(RC) and steel members. Hanger reinforcements are placed around the studs to transfer the tensile loads to the opposite side of the concrete member. Six specimens, of which variables were arrangement details of hanger reinforcements and studs. Tensile test results show that hanger reinforcements are effective to increase tensile strength and ductility. Test tensile strengths of specimens are compared with the nominal strengths by ACI codes(ACI 318-02, ACI 349-99) and PCI 1999.

Electrically assisted pressure joining of titanium alloys

Li, Yong-Fang,Das, Hrishikesh,Hong, Sung-Tae,Park, Ju-Won,Han, Heung Nam Elsevier 2018 Journal of manufacturing processes Vol.35 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Electrically assisted pressure joining (EAPJ) of a Grade 1 titanium (Ti) alloy is experimentally investigated. In EAPJ, an electric current is directly applied to the specimen during plastic compression. Microstructural analysis shows that solid-state joints are successfully fabricated in the selected Ti alloy without melting. Shear tensile tests shows that the strength and fracture modes of the joint are strongly affected by a combination of the amount of plastic deformation (corresponding to a thickness reduction) and the electric current intensity. An optimal thickness reduction, corresponding to the maximum fracture load, exists for each value of current intensity, and decreases as current intensity increases. A higher fracture load can be obtained by adjusting the combination of the current intensity and the thickness reduction parameters.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ti alloy are solid-state joined by electrically assisted pressure joining (EAPJ). </LI> <LI> The strength and fracture mode of the joint are affected by the EAPJ parameters. </LI> <LI> An optimal thickness reduction exists for each value of current intensity. </LI> <LI> The optimal thickness reduction decreases as the current intensity increases. </LI> </UL> </P>

Solid-state dissimilar joining of stainless steel 316L and Inconel 718 alloys by electrically assisted pressure joining

Li, Yong-Fang,Hong, Sung-Tae,Choi, Howook,Han, Heung Nam Elsevier 2019 Materials characterization Vol.154 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Electrically assisted solid-state joining (or electrically assisted pressure joining, EAPJ) of dissimilar stainless steel 316L (SUS316L) and Inconel 718 (IN718) alloys is experimentally investigated. The specimen assembly for the experiment is comprised of two cylindrical solid specimens (SUS316L and IN718) with an identical geometry. In EAPJ, electric current and plastic compression are directly and simultaneously applied to the specimen assembly. The microstructural analysis confirms that crack/void-free joints are successfully fabricated by EAPJ in the selected dissimilar metal alloys without melting and solidification. An obvious atomic diffusion region at the joint interface is identified. The results of tensile tests show that all the joints fracture from the SUS316L side, which undergoes typical ductile fracture with large plastic deformation. The results of the present study confirm that the concept of EAPJ is applicable to solid state joining of dissimilar material combination.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Electrically assisted pressure joining of dissimilar metal alloys was conducted. </LI> <LI> Joining temperature was significantly lower than the melting temperatures. </LI> <LI> Solid state joint of stainless steel 316L and Inconel 718 alloys was fabricated. </LI> <LI> Tensile tests confirm the soundness of joints; no interfacial fracture occurred. </LI> </UL> </P>

Influence of Intravenous Contrast Medium on Dose Calculation Using CT in Treatment Planning for Oesophageal Cancer

Li, Hong-Sheng,Chen, Jin-Hu,Zhang, Wei,Shang, Dong-Ping,Li, Bao-Sheng,Sun, Tao,Lin, Xiu-Tong,Yin, Yong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

Objective: To evaluate the effect of intravenous contrast on dose calculation in radiation treatment planning for oesophageal cancer. Methods: A total of 22 intravein-contrasted patients with oesophageal cancer were included. The Hounsfield unit (HU) value of the enhanced blood stream in thoracic great vessels and heart was overridden with 45 HU to simulate the non-contrast CT image, and 145 HU, 245 HU, 345 HU, and 445 HU to model the different contrast-enhanced scenarios. 1000 HU and -1000 HU were used to evaluate two non-physiologic extreme scenarios. Variation in dose distribution of the different scenarios was calculated to quantify the effect of contrast enhancement. Results: In the contrast-enhanced scenarios, the mean variation in dose for planning target volume (PTV) was less than 1.0%, and those for the total lung and spinal cord were less than 0.5%. When the HU value of the blood stream exceeded 245 the average variation exceeded 1.0% for the heart V40. In the non-physiologic extreme scenarios, the dose variation of PTV was less than 1.0%, while the dose calculations of the organs at risk were greater than 2.0%. Conclusions: The use of contrast agent does not significantly influence dose calculation of PTV, lung and spinal cord. However, it does have influence on dose accuracy for heart.

Experimental axial force identification based on modified Timoshenko beam theory

Li, Dong-sheng,Yuan, Yong-qiang,Li, Kun-peng,Li, Hong-nan Techno-Press 2017 Structural monitoring and maintenance Vol.4 No.2

An improved method is presented to estimate the axial force of a bar member with vibrational measurements based on modified Timoshenko beam theory. Bending stiffness effects, rotational inertia, shear deformation, rotational inertia caused by shear deformation are all taken into account. Axial forces are estimated with certain natural frequency and corresponding mode shape, which are acquired from dynamic tests with five accelerometers. In the paper, modified Timoshenko beam theory is first presented with the inclusion of axial force and rotational inertia effects. Consistent mass and stiffness matrices for the modified Timoshenko beam theory are derived and then used in finite element simulations to investigate force identification accuracy under different boundary conditions and the influence of critical axial force ratio. The deformation coefficient which accounts for rotational inertia effects of the shearing deformation is discussed, and the relationship between the changing wave speed and the frequency is comprehensively examined to improve accuracy of the deformation coefficient. Finally, dynamic tests are conducted in our laboratory to identify progressive axial forces of a steel plate and a truss structure respectively. And the axial forces identified by the proposed method are in good agreement with the forces measured by FBG sensors and strain gauges. A significant advantage of this axial force identification method is that no assumption on boundary conditions is needed and excellent force identification accuracy can be achieved.

Indolyl Alkaloid Derivatives, $N_b-Acetyltryptamine$ and Oxaline from a Marine-Derived Fungus

Li, Yong,Li, Xi-Feng,Kim, Dong-Soo,Choi, Hong-Dae,Son, Byeng-Wha The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2003 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.26 No.1

Indolyl alkaloids, $N_b-acetyltryptamine$ (1) and the known oxaline (2) have been isolated from the organic extract of the broth of an unidentified fungus collected from the surface of the marine red alga Gracilaria verrucosa. The structure of $N_{b}$-acetyltryptamine (1) was assigned on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses.s.

Identification of yield-related genes through genome-wide association: case study of weeping forsythia, an emerging medicinal crop

Li Yong,Wu Qiong,Liu Hong-Li,Pei Nan-Cai,He Yan-Xia,Quan Jine 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.2

Background: The genetic basis of crop yield is an agricultural research hotspot. Identifying the genes related to yield traits is the key to increase the yield. Weeping forsythia is an emerging medicinal crop that currently lacks excellent varieties. The genes related to fruit yield in weeping forsythia have not been identified. Objective: Thus, we aimed to screen the candidate genes related to fruit yield of weeping forsythia by using genome-wide association analysis. Methods: Here, 60 samples from the same field and source of weeping forsythia were collected to identify its yield-related candidate genes. Association analysis was performed on the variant loci and the traits related to yield, i.e., fruit length, width, thickness, and weight. Results: Results from admixture, neighbor-joining, and kinship matrix analyses supported the non-significant genetic differentiation of these samples. Significant association was found between 2 variant loci and fruit length, 8 loci and fruit width, 24 loci and fruit thickness, and 13 loci and fruit weight. Further search on the 20 kb up/downstream of these variant loci revealed 1 gene related to fruit length, 16 genes related to fruit width, 12 genes related to fruit thickness, and 13 genes related to fruit weight. Among which, 4 genes, namely, WRKY transcription factor 35, salicylic acid-binding protein, auxin response factor 6, and alpha-mannosidase were highly related to the fruit development of weeping forsythia. Conclusion: This study identify four candidate genes related to fruit development, which will provide useful information for the subsequent molecular-assisted and genetic breeding of weeping forsythia.

Intermedins A and B; New Metabolites from Schisandra propinqua var. intermedia

Hong-Mei Li,Chun Lei,Yong-Ming Luo,Xiao-Nian Li,Xiao-Lei Li,Jian-Xin Pu,San-Yun Zhou,Rong-Tao Li,Han-Dong Sun 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.6

A new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan, intermedin A (1), and a new natural bisabolane sesquiterpenoid, intermedin B (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Schisandra propinqua var. intermedia. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopical analysis.