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On the Explanation of Regionalism Waves
( Yohanes E Riyanto ),( Jung Hur ) 서강대학교 시장경제연구소(구 서강대학교 경제연구소) 2013 시장경제연구 Vol.42 No.3
From a historical perspective, the world has experienced two waves of preferential trade agreement (PTA) proliferation. The first wave was in the late 1960s when the global average tariff level was still significantly high. The second wave emerged in the mid-1990s when the global average tariff level was already quite low. This study provides a theoretical framework to explain the mechanism behind the two waves of regionalism.
Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo,Arief Budiyanto,Hardyanto Soebono 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.5
To determine whether platelet-rich fibrin lysate (PRF-L) could restore the function of chronically ultraviolet-A (UVA)-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), we isolated and sub-cultured HDFs from six different human foreskins. HDFs were divided into two groups: those that received chronic UVA irradiation (total dosages of 10 J cm-2) and those that were not irradiated. We compared the proliferation rates, collagen deposition, and migration rates between the groups and between chronically UVA-irradiatedHDFs in control and PRF-L-treated media. Our experiment showed that chronic UVA irradiation significantly decreased (p<0.05) the proliferation rates, migration rates, and collagen deposition of HDFs, compared to controls. Compared to control media, chronically UVA-irradiated HDFs in 50% PRF-L had significantly increased proliferation rates, migration rates, and collagendeposition (p<0.05), and the migration rates and collagen deposition of chronically UVA-irradiated HDFs in 50% PRF-L were equal to those of normal fibroblasts. Based on this experiment, we concluded that PRF-L is a good candidate material for treating UVA-induced photoaging of skin, although the best method for its clinical application remains to be determined.
그리 낯설지 않은 동료들: 1960년대 인도네시아-북한 관계
요하네스술라이만 ( Yohanes Sulaiman ) 서강대학교 동아연구소 2016 東亞 硏究 Vol.35 No.2
인도네시아는, 한국과의 관계가 급속히 발전했지만, 꽤 많은 국민들이 북한을 긍정적으로 보는 세계에서 몇 안 되는 국가다. 이 현상은 1960년대 인도네시아의 혼란기에 일어났던 인도네시아-북한 관계의 형성, 강화, 정점을 보면 부분적으로 설명될 수 있다. 이 시기에 동아시아 및 동남아에서 중국의 공격적 정책을 초래하였던 냉전 정치, 특히 중소 분열이 인도네시아와 북한의 대외정책 목표상 집중된 관심사였고, 이 3개 국가 관계를 심화 시키도록 이끌었다. 반대로, 이 3개국, 즉 인도네시아, 북한, 중국은 자국 국내 정치의 역동성으로 인해 동일한 대외정책 목적을 공유할 수 없게 되었고, 3자 관계는 냉각되었으며, 마침내 인도네시아-북한 관계는 그로부터 침체기에 처하게 되었다. Indonesia remains one of the few countries in the world where a significant percentage of its population still thinks positively about North Korea despite the burgeoning relationship between Indonesia and South Korea. This phenomenon can partly be explained by looking at the formation, strengthening, and the peak of Indonesia-North Korea relations, which took place during Indonesia`s own tumultuous period of the 1960s. In this period, Cold War politics, notably the Sino-Soviet split that led to China`s aggressive policies in East and Southeast Asia, converged with both Indonesia and North Korea`s foreign policy goals, leading to a deepening relationship between these three countries. Conversely, once these three countries? Indonesia, North Korea and China?no longer shared the same foreign policy objectives due to the dynamics of their own domestic politics, the tripartite relationship cooled, and as a result, the relationship between Indonesia and North Korea has been on the doldrums since then.
Kevin Yohanes Lisandy(케빈),Ryang-Gyoon Kim(김량균),Chan-Won Hwang(황찬원),Yeon-Kyung Lee(이연경),Chung-Hwan Jeon(전충환) 대한기계학회 2014 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2014 No.5
Pressurized wire mesh heating reactor (PWMR) can provide high pressure and temperature experimental conditions up to 50 bar and 1750 K respectively. This equipment was developed to evaluate intrinsic reaction kinetics of CO2 gasification. PWMR utilize platinum (Pt) wire mesh resistance to generate heat with direct current (DC) electricity supply. This DC power supply then can be controlled by computer software to reach exact expected terminal temperature as well as heating period. In this study, Berau (sub-bituminous Indonesian coal) was pulverized then converted into char which has 90-150 micrometers particle size experimented with variable pressure condition (1-40 bar) and variable temperature (1373-1673 K) on atmospheric condition. The internal/external effectiveness factor was analyzed to determine the effects of high pressure The intrinsic reaction kinetics of Berau char was obtained using nth order reaction rate equations. The value was determined to be 203.8kJ/mol.