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Mohd Nurfirdaus Bin Mohiddin,Yie Hua Tan,Yee Xuan Seow,Jibrail Kansedo,N.M. Mubarak,Mohammad Omar Abdullah,Yen San Chan,Mohammad Khalid 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.98 No.-
The ever-detrimental condition of the environment due to the fossil fuel utilization has catalyzed thedevelopment of biodiesel. Biodiesel is produced mainly via transesterification and the entire processcomprises of several major components; the feedstock, the catalyst, the reaction, and the productseparation or purification. There are various factors affecting the amount and quality of biodieselproduced, such as the type and amount of feedstock and catalyst, alcohol-to-feedstock ratio, and reactiontemperature and time. The performance of biodiesel reactors in providing energy and time efficientbiodiesel production is also among the subject of recent studies. To produce biodiesel commercially andefficiently, it is important to recognize the novel technologies that are promising for biodiesel production. With this in mind, this article presents a review of the recent advancement and classification of thefeedstock, the catalyst for biodiesel production, and the biodiesel production reactor. Furthermore, thisarticle also highlights the development and application of oil extraction techniques, biochar as a biodieselcatalyst, and the magnetic biodiesel catalyst. The biodiesel production reactor and parametersoptimization are also discussed in this article in order to provide a better context on the chemicalreaction.
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A review on influence of reactor technologies and kinetic studies for biodiesel application
Ijlal Raheem,Mohd Nurfirdaus Bin Mohiddin,Yie Hua Tan,Jibrail Kansedo,N.M. Mubarak,Mohammad Omar Abdullah,Mohd Lokman Ibrahim 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.91 No.-
The increase in demand for energy has caused a clear contradiction between the supply and consumptionof these resources, which has triggered countries to divert their attention towards biodiesel. Biodieselyield and sustainability of the biodiesel production process are highly influenced by the catalyst. Homogeneous catalyst is the conventional method to produce biodiesel, but it requires larger waterconsumption to purify thefinal product while on the contrary heterogeneous catalyst does not requireexpensive utility separation cost and it can be separated from simplefiltration method. Thus, this papercomprehensively reviews the conventional and advanced biodiesel reactor technologies, particularly linkto the kinetic studies of different types of catalysts. The effects of the operating conditions on the reactortechnology with different catalysts are discussed to observe a better oil conversion. Merits andlimitations of different catalysts for biodiesel production are then compared. The kinetic studies arereviewed to compare the rate of reaction and activation energy between various types of catalysts. As thecatalyst and reactor type selection affect the transesterification reaction, it is necessary to search for thecorrect combination of catalyst and reactor to increase the efficiency of biodiesel production at a lowercost.
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Biodiesel synthesis using natural solid catalyst derived from biomass waste — A review
Song Yuan Chua,Loshinie A/P Periasamy,Celine Ming Hui Goh,Yie Hua Tan,Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak,Jibrail Kansedo,Mohammad Khalid,Rashmi Walvekar,E.C. Abdullah 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.81 No.-
Biodiesel serves as an ideal candidate for alternative fuel as it is made from renewable source with lowerpollutant emission. However, current biodiesel production has several issues such as unrecoverablecatalyst, expensive separation stage and high wastewater generation due to the use of homogeneouscatalyst. Currently, there are several pathways to produce biodiesel without the problems stated abovesuch as supercritical condition transesterification and enzymatic catalyst. However, the economicfeasibility for both methods serve as a major hindrance due to extremely high pressure and pressure,expensive synthetic cost of enzyme, which lead to higher operation cost. At the present, heterogeneouscatalyst is the alternative, especially heterogeneous catalyst derived from natural resources such as wastebiomass are currently being extensively researched with promising results. Thus, this paper illustratesthe comprehensive research of biodiesel synthesis and assesses the latest breakthroughs involved in theuse of catalysts derived from waste biomass. Furthermore, an amalgam of experimental data obtainedfrom similar literature has been thoroughly reviewed to provide a better framework to produce biodiesel. Apart from that, this study aims to alleviate problems associated with heterogeneous catalyst separationand enhance the economic viability of the industry, thus, sustaining the environment while meetingenergy demands.
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