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프락토올리고당과 이소말토올리고당을 첨가한 오미자청의 품질 특성 연구
박예리 ( Yeri Park ),최혁진 ( Hyeok-jin Choi ),최선강 ( Seon-kang Choi ),박경철 ( Kyong-cheul Park ),박남일 ( Nam Il Park ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2022 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.34 No.0
본 연구에서는 오미자청 제조에 있어 설탕을 대체할 수 있는 당류 저감 소재를 사용하여 오미자청을 제조하고자 하였다. 오미자와 설탕, 프락토올리고당, 그리고 이소말토올리고당을 함량과 혼합 비율에 따라 다양한 청을 제조하였으며, 제조 후 저장 기간을 2주 간격으로 두어 생리활성을 평가하였다. 오미자청의 품질 특성을 분석한 결과 당도, 산도 및 당산비는 저장 기간에 따라 삼투압에 의해 오미자의 과실 내 수분이 용출되어 점차 감소하는 경향이 나타났으나, 당원에 따른 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 총 페놀 함량은 설탕과 프락토올리고당을 혼합하여 제조한 오미자청 S7이 가장 높았으며, 저장 기간이 증가할수록 두 가지 이상의 올리고당을 혼합한 오미자청 S7-S10에서 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 설탕으로 제조한 오미자청 S1에서 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 프락토올리고당으로 제조한 오미자청 S2가 높은 함량을 나타냈다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 설탕과 프락토올리고당을 혼합하여 제조한 오미자청 S7 처리구가 가장 높았고, 이소말토올리고당으로 제조한 오미자청 S3 처리구가 가장 낮았으나, ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 S3가 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 마지막으로 α-glucosidase 저해활성은 설탕으로 제조한 오미자청 S1이 가장 저해 활성이 나타났지만, 낮은 pH에 대한 안전성을 나타내며 체내효소에 의해 흡수가 되지 않는 이소말토올리고당을 사용한 오미자청 S6이 당류 저감에 있어서 가장 실용적인 활용방안으로 판단된다. The purpose of this study is to prepare Omija cheong using sugar reducing materials such as fructooligosaccharide and isomaltooligosaccharide as a sucrose substitute. Sugar content, acidity, and sugar acid ratio were measured to evaluate the quality of the prepared syrup. Antioxidant activity, total phenol content, and total flavonoid content were measured to evaluate the physiological activity of the prepared Omija cheong. Acidity and sugar ratio tended to decrease gradually due to the eluting of water from the omija by osmotic pressure depending on the storage period, but there was no significant difference according to the sugar source. The total phenol content was highest in Omija cheong S7, prepared by mixing sugar and fructooligosaccharide; in S7-S10 containing two or more sweetners, the longer the storage period, the higher the total phenol content. Total flavonoid content was highest in S1 prepared from sugar, followed by S2 prepared from fructooligosaccharide. The DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging ability was the highest in S7, prepared by mixing sugar and fructooligosaccharide; and the lowest in S3, prepared with isomaltooligosaccharide. However, S3 showed the highest value in ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical scavenging ability. S1 Omija cheong prepared from sugar showed the most inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. S6 which was prepared using isomaltooligosaccharide that is not absorbed by internal enzymes, showed safety even at a low pH, and is considered to be the most practical method for sugar reduction.
O- and N-Methyltransferases in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid producing plants
Lee Seungki,Park Nam-Il,Park Yeri,Park Kyong-Cheul,Kim Eun Sil,Son Youn Kyoung,Choi Beom-Soon,Kim Nam-Soo,Choi Ik-Young 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.3
Background Secondary metabolites such as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA) have attracted considerable attention because of their pharmacological properties and potential therapeutic applications. Methyltransferases (MTs) can add methyl groups to alkaloid molecules, altering their physicochemical properties and bioactivity, stability, solubility, and recognition by other cellular components. Five types of O-methyltransferases and two types of N-methyltransferases are involved in BIA biosynthesis. Objective Since MTs may be the source for the discovery and development of novel biomedical, agricultural, and industrial compounds, we performed extensive molecular and phylogenetic analyses of O- and N-methyltransferases in BIA-producing plants. Methods MTs involved in BIA biosynthesis were isolated from transcriptomes of Berberis koreana and Caulophyllum robustum. We also mined the methyltransferases of Coptis japonica, Papaver somniferum, and Nelumbo nucifera from the National Center for Biotechnology Information protein database. Then, we analyzed the functional motifs and phylogenetic analysis. Result We mined 42 O-methyltransferases and 8 N-methyltransferases from the five BIA-producing plants. Functional motifs for S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases were retained in most methyltransferases, except for the three O-methyltransferases from N. nucifera. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the methyltransferases were grouped into four clades, I, II, III and IV. The clustering patterns in the phylogenetic analysis suggested a monophyletic origin of methyltransferases and gene duplication within species. The coexistence of different O-methyltransferases in the deep branch subclade might support some cases of substrate promiscuity. Conclusions Methyltransferases may be a source for the discovery and development of novel biomedical, agricultural, and industrial compounds. Our results contribute to further understanding of their structure and reaction mechanisms, which will require future functional studies. Background Secondary metabolites such as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA) have attracted considerable attention because of their pharmacological properties and potential therapeutic applications. Methyltransferases (MTs) can add methyl groups to alkaloid molecules, altering their physicochemical properties and bioactivity, stability, solubility, and recognition by other cellular components. Five types of O-methyltransferases and two types of N-methyltransferases are involved in BIA biosynthesis. Objective Since MTs may be the source for the discovery and development of novel biomedical, agricultural, and industrial compounds, we performed extensive molecular and phylogenetic analyses of O- and N-methyltransferases in BIA-producing plants. Methods MTs involved in BIA biosynthesis were isolated from transcriptomes of Berberis koreana and Caulophyllum robustum. We also mined the methyltransferases of Coptis japonica, Papaver somniferum, and Nelumbo nucifera from the National Center for Biotechnology Information protein database. Then, we analyzed the functional motifs and phylogenetic analysis. Result We mined 42 O-methyltransferases and 8 N-methyltransferases from the five BIA-producing plants. Functional motifs for S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases were retained in most methyltransferases, except for the three O-methyltransferases from N. nucifera. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the methyltransferases were grouped into four clades, I, II, III and IV. The clustering patterns in the phylogenetic analysis suggested a monophyletic origin of methyltransferases and gene duplication within species. The coexistence of different O-methyltransferases in the deep branch subclade might support some cases of substrate promiscuity. Conclusions Methyltransferases may be a source for the discovery and development of novel biomedical, agricultural, and industrial compounds. Our results contribute to further understanding of their structure and reaction mechanisms, which will require future functional studies.