인체 대장암 및 자궁경부암에서 PCR-SSCP법을 이용한 Ki-ras 암유전자의 점돌연변이에 관한 연구

박영홍,백낙환,김현찬,김상효,홍관희,김기태,이기영 인제대학교 1994 仁濟醫學 Vol.15 No.2

인체 대장암 20례와 자궁경부암 10례의 암조직을 대상으로 c-Ki-ras 유전자 codon 12와 13에서의 점돌연변이를 알아보고자 polymerase chain reaction(PCR)과 single-strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) 검사법을 시행하였다. 대장암의 경우 20례중 9례(45%)에서, 자궁경부암의 경우 10례중 1례(10%)에서 양성으로 나왔다. 대장암에서는 codon 12에서 GGT가 TGT로의 치환이 4례로서 가장 많았으며, AGT, CGT로의 치환이 각 1례였고 codon 13에서는 GGC가 GAC로의 치환이 2례, TGC로의 치환이 1례인 것으로 나타났다. 자궁경부암의 경우 codon 12에서 GGT가 AGT로의 치환이 1례인 것으로 나타났다. In an attempt to clarify the role of genetic alteration in the genesis of human colorectal and cervical cancers, tissue specimens from 20 patients with colorectal cancer and 10 patients with cervical cancer were examined for the presence of point mutation in K-ras2 exon 1 by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of PCR product. Exon I of c-Ki-ras2 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and comparison was made between the normal and mutated genes by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE) of PCR product and nucleotide sequence analysis using asymmetric PCR with direct sequencing. Genomic DNA from white blood cells were used as normal control and those from A427 cell line were used as mutated control. 1.PCR product from A427 cell line showed a distinct migration shift pattern compared to the normal control in PAGE and the direct sequencing indicated that nucleotide sequence of codon 12 was mutated from GGT to GAT. In addition, there was a loss of normal allele in A427 cell line. 2.PCR product from 9 cases(45%) out of a 20 colon cancer patients showed migration shifts in PAGE, and all of these 9 patients invariably demonstrated mutation of ras gene, either in codon 12(6 cases:30%) or 13(3 cases:15%). The base substitutions in codon 12 were: from GGT to AGT(1), CGT(1), or TGT(4). Base changes in codon 13 were from GGC to TGC(1) or GAC(2). 3.PCR product from 1 cases(10%) out of a 10 cervical cancer patients showed migration shrifts in PAGE, Invariably demonstrated mutation of ras gene in codon 12. The base substitutions was from GGT to AGT(1) TQE incidence of point mutation of c-Ki-ras in colon cancer was high, however, it was low in cervical cancer, which showed the relation of ruts gene mutation with colon cancer. PCR -SSCP analysis is a simple, rapid and efficient method of detection of point mutation, especially when dealing with multiple samples.

The impact of pathologic differentiation (well/ poorly) and the degree of Ki-67 index in patients with metastatic WHO grade 3 GEP-NECs.

Kim, Seung Tae,Lee, Su Jin,Lee, Jeeyun,Park, Joon Oh,Park, Young Suk,Lim, Ho Yeong,Kang, Won Ki Grune & Stratton 2017 Journal of clinical oncology Vol.35 No._suppl15

<P> e15686 </P><P> Background: Herein, we investigated the impact of pathologic differentiation (well or poorly differentiated) in metastatic grade 3 GEP-NEC patients receiving etoposide and platinum-based therapy. Simultaneously, we evaluated a more exact Ki67 index cut-off point to select patients with grade 3 GEP-NEC who might benefit from etoposide plus platinum (EP)-based therapy. Methods: Among patients pathologically diagnosed with metastatic grade 3 GEP-NECs at Samsung Medical Center between June 2013 and March 2016, 31 GEP-NEC patients receiving etoposide and platinum-based therapy were included in this study. Results: Primary sites included 13 foregut-derived GEP-NECs [stomach (n = 4), duodenum (n = 4), and pancreas (n = 5)] and 2 hindgut-derived GEP-NECs of the rectum. Sixteen unclassified GEP-NECs originated from 7 gall-bladder (GB), 6 liver and 3 unknown primary sites. According to pathologic differentiation, 14 patients had well differentiated and 17 had poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs. Between well differentiated and poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs, there was a significant difference in the distribution of Ki67 index. There was no significant difference of treatment efficacy between well and poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs (RR; 35.7% vs. 41.2%, p = 0.525). Tumor response to EP occurred in 5 of 7 patients with Ki67 > 60% and 7 of 24 with Ki67≤60%, which was significantly different (RR; 71.4% vs. 29.2%, P = 0.043). There was no significant difference in PFS according to pathologic differentiation (well differentiated vs. poorly differentiated) and Ki67 index ( > 60% vs ≤60%). Conclusions: Grade 3 GEP-NECs could be morphologically classified into well and poorly differentiated NETs. Additionally, among grade 3 GEP-NECs, there was a significant difference in ranges of Ki67 index between well and poorly differentiated NECs. Higher levels ( > 60%) of Ki67 index might be a predictive marker for efficacy of EP as a standard regimen in grade 3 GEP-NECs. </P>

Hypoxia Enhances Nitric Oxide Synthesis by Upregulation of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Endothelial Cells

Ki?Jong Rhee,Sun-Yeong Gwon,and Seunghyung Lee 대한의생명과학회 2013 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.19 No.3

Hypoxia is an integral part of the environment during luteolysis. In this study we examined whether hypoxia could directly stimulate endothelial cells to produce nitric oxide (NO). Endothelial cells were cultured in hypoxic (5% O₂) or normoxic (20% O₂) conditions and the levels of total NO, inducible NO and endothelial NO was measured. We found that hypoxia but not normoxia upregulated NO production. The increased NO levels correlated with increased inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression whereas expression of endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression remained constant. Addition of the iNOS specific inhibitor 1400W to hypoxic cultures prevented NO production suggesting that hypoxia?induced NO production in endothelial cells was due mainly to upregulation of iNOS. We also found that prostaglandin F2α (PGF) production was unaffected by hypoxia suggesting that upregulation of NO was not due to increased synthesis of PGF. In summary, we report that endothelial cells cultured under hypoxic conditions produce NO via the iNOS pathway. This study provides the importance of the relation between the hypoxic environment and the induction of NO by endothelial cells during regression of the corpus luteum in the ovary.

John Dewey와 崔漢綺의 經驗槪念의 比較 硏究

鄭基泳 東亞大學校 1984 東亞論叢 Vol.21 No.1

1. In spite of the difference in their geographical conditions, there is a similarity between J.Dewey and Hyekang Choi Han-ki in that they established the empiricism and the pragmatism. Above all, the empirical systems of their philosophy are quite similar in many aspects. But when we analyze their similarity minutely, we can find there are also peculiarities of their own. 2. Dewey's conception of experience is the same as action and nature, it is not only a method of congnition, but also a positive conception which develops itself on time and space infinitely. It is a guide and at the same time a useful instrument insolving the complicated problems. And it is subject of cognition and at the same time the object, the purpose and at the same time the means, the origin and at the same time the effect. Passing through past, present and future on time infinitely and taking all the sphere of universe as its object, experience develops itself unlimitedly. And Dewey is greatly influenced by Hegel's dialectic system. 3. Hyekang criticized the traditional Sungrihak(性里學) of Chosen Dynasty and developed original empiricism of his own. The univrese is covered with Sinchi(神氣), which is the base of experience. So all beings can communicate with each other by Sinchi which is the unifying principle of the universe. But the empirical recognition obtained by the communication of Chi(氣) is not certain that attestation through Conjecture(推測) is necessary. Through this process, it can be reached to Chein(體認) and Shift(變通) which are the full-recognition stages. Thus after full recognition of the reason of the universe, it is possible to apply the theory to reality. So it can safely be said that his empiricism is a system of dialectic development. The empirical system of Dewey and Hyekang is identical in their pragmatism; actualism; behaviorism and dialectic system. But in constrast to the experience of Dewey which is open, creative, informal and praticipant, that of Hyekang is passive, fiexed formal and definite. In conclusion, while the experience of Dewey is the logic of adaptation in reality, the experience of hyekang is that of reaction, which is the cause of his success and failure at the same time.

알루미늄 합금과 고장력 강판 접합을 위한 헬리컬 SPR의 단조공정 설계

김원영, 김동범, 김기호, 김도훈, 이인환, 조해용 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2013 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.27 No.2

A self-piercing rivet(SPR) is a mechanical component for joining dissimilar materials. It is used for joining dissimilar material sheets such as aluminum alloy and steel. The self-piercing rivet directly pierces into sheets without drilling sheets beforehand unlike conventional rivets. However, the self-piercing rivet occurs buckling when piercing high strength steel. Therefore, a helical SPR which can pierce high strength steel sheet was designed. In this study, forging process was designed for manufacturing the helical SPR and simulated by using commercial FEM code DEFORM-3D. In the simulation of forging process for manufacturing rivet, process sequence, formability, forging load were investigated. The suitable forging process could be designed by comparisons of simulated results. Experimental trials have been carried out for same conditions as simulated ones. The simulated results agreed with the experimental ones. So, the analytic approach in this thesis is useful to save cost and time in the forging industry

이기종 운영체계에 기반한 고성능 트랜잭션 처리 시스템의 개발

김기형,남영환,조행래 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1998 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.26 No.2

Recently, workstation clusters have been utilized for high performance transaction processing systems. In such systems, transactions are usually processed by multi-threads. Workstations in the clusters can have heterogeneous operating systems in the viewpoint of the thread processing mechanism. This paper focuses on the portability issues which should be considered from the design stage of the workstation cluster-based transaction processing systems. Especially, this paper analyzes the differences between single-threaded and multi-threaded operating systems. Based on this analysis this paper presents the architecture of a high performance transaction processing system which works on both operating systems.

Mo/γ-Al_2O_3 촉매의 벤젠 산화반응특성

박영성,서문삼,강기혁,김봉수 大田大學校 環境問題硏究所 2002 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

γ-Al_2O_3에 몰리브덴을 담지시킨 촉매를 고정층 반응기에 충전하여 벤젠과 같은 VOCs의 촉매산화반응 특성을 살펴보았다. 실험조건은 반응온도를 200∼500℃로 하고, 반응물인 벤젠의 농도를 1,000∼3,000ppm, 공간속도를 5,000∼60,000hr^-1의 범위에서 적용하였다. 연구결과, 벤젠의 전환율은 공간속도가 낮을수록 증가하고, 초기유입농도가 증가할수록 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 몰리브덴이 담지된 촉매의 성능은 니켈을 제외한 구리나 망간등의 다른 전이금속에 대해서는 다소 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 벤젠의 촉매연소반응은 1차 균일반응으로 해석될 수 있었으며, 균일연소반응의 활성화 에너지값은 7.4kcal/㏖ 이었다. Catalytic oxidation characteristics of benzene (one of important source of volatile organic compounds : VOCs) was investigated in a fixed bed flow reactor using Mo/γ-A1_2O_3 catalyst. As operating variables of experiment, reaction temperature (200∼500℃), benzene concentration (1,000∼3,000ppm), space velocity (5,000∼60,000hr^-1) were applied. The experimental results showed that the conversion of catalytic oxidation of benzene was increased with decreasing space velocity, while it was decreased with increasing inlet VOCs concentration. Mo/γ-A1_2O_3 catalyst exhibited more or less low activity among several transition metals such as Cu, Mn, Cr, etc. except Ni. The catalytic oxidation reaction for VOCs(benzene) could be expressed as the first order homogeneous reaction the activation energy of which was 7.4kcal/㏖.

우리나라 農村社會의 變化現象에 관한 小考

崔承基,金榮吉 안성산업대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

Korean society has been attained a social cataclysm hastely and continuously in a stream of modernization since 1960's and this social cataclysm has been continued until now. Especially, the cityward tendency of rural peoples according to urbanization have an important effect upon the mode of living of rural peoples according to urbanization have an important effect upon the mode of living of rural society and the attitude of value of farmers. Today, one of the urgent problems that rural society is the situation of disorganization of traditional rural society. Understanding rural society that becomes the open socialization and heightens the relience of urban areas gradually, former concept of rural communal society that is self-sufficient and isolated and isolated lose the usefulness gradually. Of course, this is the universe change that appear when they withdraw from rural society and enter industrial society. But today Korean rural society have social, economic and cultural problems that must be figured out in terms of the unity of nation, social development, industry and occupation. The haste urbanization of Korean society and the falling behind of rural society according to that feel a sense of in congruity, and that can be the big obstacle of the unity of nation. Considering still 17.3% of all population are rural peoples if their dissatisfaction and alienation are overlooked, that is the serious problem for the unity of society. Also the cityward tendency of the rural peoples beings about many social preblems such as unemployment, povety, house, transport and education in urban society. The fact that the industrial pollution according to the policy of industrialization taking the economic development of only export leading decline the quality of city environment is known to all people new. Anyway, as rural society become urbanized more and more, Korean agriculture is demended gradual improvement into commercial farming and then the structure of consciousness and concept of value of farmers become urbanized more and more. But in this process, the fact we must know is that we must devise many built-in-stabilization not to be transformation of uneasiness as the past again. Rural environment, occupation and society are different from those of city. But the significant point that Korean farmers will have the modern consciousness of job. That is, it is not farming as an inheritance and the mode of living but farming as a means of living. Farmers must deviate from a fixed idea of a temporizing economy that farmers are producers who supply food and rural communities are producing areas as factories. And they must realize they are farmers as workers. For them, besides the unprejudiced agricultural policy for an rural, farming and farmer, to make rural society be little hard to live and be the place of living in comport though development of rural area and the original attitude that government and farmers try and is concerned about together must be realized.

Soccer에 있어서 敏捷性 Training에 關한 一硏究

金永煥,金基學 慶北大學校 師範大學 1973 敎育硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

For the soccer, physical energy is the essential foundation in utilizing the skills and tactics in the field, the more efficient the physical ability is, the better the training in the skills and tactics is in quality as well as quantity. To develop the ability to get the higher scores at the goalshooting, it is necessary for the team to be given the Speed Training such as runing faster than the opponents, the better and quicker control and seizing of the ball. To achive thus goals We should train the team as the following, (1) Motors of the track and field Charateristics. (2) Motors of gymnastics Charateristics. (3) Motors using the ball. (4) Motors with the Characteristics of the game.

미래사회에 요구되는 교육적 인간상 : 그 성격과 과제

김기민,전영곤 昌原大學校 學生生活硏究所 1996 학생생활연구 Vol.9 No.-