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Challenges in Implementing and Enforcing Statutory Periodic Building Inspections in Malaysia
Yazid Sarkom,Mimi Zaleha Ghani,Julaida Kaliwon,Edzanee Hashim 한국생태환경건축학회 2019 한국생태환경건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.19 No.2
As a reaction to the tragedy of Highland Tower condominium collapse in the year 1992, the Malaysian government had passed an amendment to the Road, drainage and building Act (Act 133) in the year 1994, to include a new section in the law known as section 85A, requiring the owners of all buildings more than five storeys high and have been certified fit for occupation for more than ten years to submit a structural safety report of the buildings at every ten year interval. However, after about 25 years of the enactment, it was revealed that the compliance of the building owners with the requirement of the Act is not very convincing. This paper aims to investigate the obstacles faced by the local councils in the implementation of the Act through interviews with officers from Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) and several local authorities surrounding it. From the interview sessions, it can be summarised that the lack of act supervision, law enforcement, public awareness, technical guidelines and financial resources contribute to the lack of adherence.
Magnetic circuit optimization in designing Magnetorheological damper
Yazid, Izyan I.M.,Mazlan, Saiful A.,Kikuchi, Takehito,Zamzuri, Hairi,Imaduddin, Fitrian Techno-Press 2014 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.14 No.5
This paper presents the materials analysis for combination of working modes of Magnetorheological (MR) damper. The materials were selected based on the optimum magnetic field strength at the effective areas in order to obtain a better design of MR damper. The design of electromagnetic circuit is one of the critical criteria in designing MR dampers besides the working mechanism and the types of MR damper. The increase in the magnetic field strength is an indication of the improvement in the damping performance of the MR damper. Eventually, the experimental test was performed under quasi-static loading to observe the performances of MR damper in shear mode, squeeze mode and mixed mode. The results showed that the increment of forces was obtained with the increased current due to higher magnetic flux density generated by electromagnetic coils. In general, it can be summarized that the combination of modes generates higher forces than single mode for the same experimental parameters throughout the study.
Yazid, Mohd Fadhil H.A.,Ta, Goh Choo,Mokhtar, Mazlin Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.2
Background: The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) was developed to enhance chemical classification and hazard communication systems worldwide. However, some of the elements such as building blocks and data sources have the potential to cause "disharmony" to the GHS, particularly in its classification results. It is known that some countries have developed their own lists of classified chemicals in accordance with the GHS to "standardize" the classification results within their respective countries. However, the lists of classified chemicals may not be consistent among these countries. Method: In this study, the lists of classified chemicals developed by the European Union, Japan, Malaysia, and New Zealand were selected for comparison of classification results for carcinogenicity, germ cell mutagenicity, and reproductive toxicity. Results: The findings show that only 54%, 66%, and 37% of the classification results for each Carcinogen, Mutagen and Reproductive toxicants hazard classes, respectively are the same among the selected countries. This indicates a "moderate" level of consistency among the classified chemicals lists. Conclusion: By using classification results for the carcinogenicity, germ cell mutagenicity, and reproductive toxicity hazard classes, this study demonstrates the "disharmony" in the classification results among the selected countries. We believe that the findings of this study deserve the attention of the relevant international bodies.
Yazid, Miloud,Heireche, Houari,Tounsi, Abdelouahed,Bousahla, Abdelmoumen Anis,Houari, Mohammed Sid Ahmed Techno-Press 2018 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.21 No.1
This work presents the buckling investigation of embedded orthotropic nanoplates such as graphene by employing a new refined plate theory and nonlocal small-scale effects. The elastic foundation is modeled as two-parameter Pasternak foundation. The proposed two-variable refined plate theory takes account of transverse shear influences and parabolic variation of the transverse shear strains within the thickness of the plate by introducing undetermined integral terms, hence it is unnecessary to use shear correction factors. Nonlocal governing equations for the single layered graphene sheet are obtained from the principle of virtual displacements. The proposed theory is compared with other plate theories. Analytical solutions for buckling loads are obtained for single-layered graphene sheets with isotropic and orthotropic properties. The results presented in this study may provide useful guidance for design of orthotropic graphene based nanodevices that make use of the buckling properties of orthotropic nanoplates.
Miloud Yazid,Houari Heireche,Abdelouahed Tounsi,Abdelmoumen Anis Bousahla,Mohammed Sid Ahmed Houari 국제구조공학회 2018 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.21 No.1
This work presents the buckling investigation of embedded orthotropic nanoplates such as graphene by employing a new refined plate theory and nonlocal small-scale effects. The elastic foundation is modeled as two-parameter Pasternak foundation. The proposed two-variable refined plate theory takes account of transverse shear influences and parabolic variation of the transverse shear strains within the thickness of the plate by introducing undetermined integral terms, hence it is unnecessary to use shear correction factors. Nonlocal governing equations for the single layered graphene sheet are obtained from the principle of virtual displacements. The proposed theory is compared with other plate theories. Analytical solutions for buckling loads are obtained for single-layered graphene sheets with isotropic and orthotropic properties. The results presented in this study may provide useful guidance for design of orthotropic graphene based nanodevices that make use of the buckling properties of orthotropic nanoplates.
A review of maintenance practices for slope and highland properties in Malaysia
Sarkom, Yazid,Ghani, Mimi Zaleha 한국생태환경건축학회 2020 한국생태환경건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.20 No.2
This paper describes the outcome of a desk study on the issues of maintenance practices for slope and highland properties in Malaysia. The occurrences of several recent landslides portray to the public that the authorities are not doing enough to control the developments on slopes and hillsides. Essentially, the rules and regulations for slope and highland developments in Malaysia are well in place. However, the outcomes of this study reveals that the maintenance aspect of slopes is still lacking as many misconceptions of slopes still exist in the mind of most laymen in Malaysia. Urgent needs are required to increase the awareness level on the importance of slope maintenance among the government agencies as well as the public
A. M. Yazid,W. Stephenie,B. M. Kabeir,M. Shuhaimi,M. Rosfarizan 한국생물공학회 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.2
Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum G4, a wild strain isolated from infant stools that has previously exhibited probiotic characteristics, was used in this study. The aim of this research was to improve the growth potential of this strain in milk-based medium. An initial screening study using a 23 full factorial design was carried out to identify the impact on biomass production of the various components of the medium which were skim milk, yeast extract, and glucose. Statistical analysis suggested that yeast extract had a significant positive effect on viable cell count whereas glucose had a negative effect. Response surface methodology (RSM) was then applied to optimize the use of skim milk and yeast extract. A quadratic model was derived using a 32 face-centered central composite design to represent cell mass as a function of the two variables. The optimized medium composition was found to be 2.8% skim milk and 2.2% yeast extract, w/v. The optimized medium allowed a maximum biomass of 9.129 log10 cfu/mL, 3.329 log units higher than that achieved with 10% skim milk, which is the amount commonly used. The application of RSM resulted in an improvement in the biomass production of this strain in a more cost-effective milk medium, in which skim milk use was reduced by 71.8%.
A. M. Yazid,W. Stephenie,B. M. Kabeir,M. Shuhaimi,M. Rosfarizan 한국생물공학회 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.5
Biomass production of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum G4 in a milk-based medium was carried out in a 2- and 10-L stirred tank fermenters. The effects of impeller tip speed (0.28, 0.56, and 0.83 m/s) and pH control (6.0, 6.5, and 7.0) on the biomass production were investigated. The growth performance in the 2-L fermenter was significantly improved when the impeller tip speed was held constant at 0.56 m/s and the pH was controlled at 6.5. These conditions yielded a maximum biomass of 1.687 × 109 cfu/mL, a maximum specific growth rate of 0.504 h-1, a biomass productivity of 9.240 × 107 cfu/mL·h, and a biomass yield of 9.791 × 1010 cfu/g lactose. The consumption of milk lactose resulted in the accumulation of 7.353 g/L acetic acid and 6.515 g/L lactic acid, with an acetic:lactic ratio of 1.129. Scale-up of the fermentation process to a 10-L fermenter based on a constant impeller tip speed of 0.56 m/s yielded reproducible results with respect to biomass production and cell viability.