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Banded Iron Formations in Congo: A Review
Yarsé Brodivier Mavoungou(Yarsé Brodivier Mavoungou ),Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa(Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa ),Noël Watha-Ndoudy(Noël Watha-Ndoudy ),Georges Muhindo Kasay(Georges Muhindo Kasay ) 대한자원환경지질학회 2023 자원환경지질 Vol.56 No.6
In the Republic of Congo, Banded iron formations (BIFs) occur in two areas: the Chaillu Massif and the Ivindo Basement Complex, which are segments of the Archean Congo craton outcropping in the northwestern and southwestern parts of the country. They show interesting potential with significant mineral resources reaching 2 Bt and grades up to 60% Fe. BIFs consist mostly of oxide-rich facies (hematite/magnetite), but carbonate-rich facies are also highlighted. They are found across the country within the similar geological sequences composed of amphibolites, gneisses and greenschists. The Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS)-normalized patterns of BIFs show enrichment in elements such as SiO2, Fe2O3, CaO, P2O5, Cr, Cu, Zn, Nb, Hf, U and depletion in TiO2, Al2O3, MgO, Na2O, K2O, Sc, Th, Ba, Zr, Rb, Ni, V. REE diagrams show slight light REEs (rare earth elements; LREEs) compared to heavy REEs (HREEs), and positive La and Eu anomalies. The lithological associations, as well as the very high (Eu/Eu*)SN ratios> 1.8 shown by the BIFs, suggest that they are related to Algoma-type BIFs. The positive correlations between Zr and TiO2, Al2O3, Hf suggest that the contamination comes mainly from felsic rocks, while the absence of correlations between MgO and Cr, Ni argues for negligeable contributions from mafic sources. Pr/Pr* vs. Ce/Ce* diagram indicates that the Congolese BIFs were formed in basins with redox heterogeneity, which varies from suboxic to anoxic and from oxic to anoxic conditions. They were formed through hydrothermal vents in the seawater, with relatively low proportions of detrital inputs derived from igneous sources through continental weathering. Some Congolese BIFs show high contents in Cr, Ni and Cu, which suggest that iron (Fe) and silicon (Si) have been leached through hydrothermal processes associated with submarine volcanism. We discussed their tectonic setting and depositional environment and proposed that they were deposited in extensional back-arc basins, which also recorded hydrothermal vent fluids.
데이터 주석 및 모델 성능 향상을 위한 능동적 학습 접근
Hikmat Yar,Samee Ullah Khan,Tanveer Hussain,Min Je Kim,Mi Young Lee,Sung Wook Baik 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2022 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.05
Deep learning models achieved a lot of success due to the availability of labeled training data. In contrast, labeling a huge amount of data by a human is a time-consuming and expensive solution. Active Learning (AL) efficiently addresses the issue of labeled data collection at a low cost by picking the most useful samples from a large number of unlabeled datasets However, current AL techniques largely depend on regular human involvement to annotate the most uncertain/informative samples in the collection. Therefore, a novel AL-based framework is proposed comprised of proxy and active models to reduce the manual labeling costs. In the proxy model, VGG-16 is trained on chunks of labeled data that later act as an annotator decision. On the other hand, in the active model, unlabeled is passed to Inception-V3 using the sampling strategy. The uncorrected predicted samples are then forwarded to the proxy model for annotation and considered those data have a high confidence score. The empirical results verify that our proposed model is the best in terms of annotation and accuracy.
Ahmad Yar Qamar,Xun Fang,Jongki Cho 한국수정란이식학회 2018 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.11
The objective of this study was to identify the proteins actively involved in the protection and repair of damaged cells, secreted by canine adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) into the conditioned media. For this purpose, conditioned media (CM) was recovered from passage three stage canine AT-MSCs and skin fibroblasts cultured in serum free media after 24, 48 and 72 h. The extraction of exosomes was performed from 10-20 ml of CM using total exosome isolation kit. The isolated exosomes were then subjected to western analysis for the identification of annexin-I, annexin-II, histone H3 and dysferlin proteins. Results demonstrated the expression of proteins in the conditioned media isolated from canine AT-MSCs reflecting their potential in reducing the extent of damage at cellular levels. In conclusion, the conditioned media derived from canine AT-MSCs can be helpful in restoring the normal structure of cells both in vivo and in vitro conditions.
Optimal operation of the fast-charging station considering demand response and vehicle to grid
Asfand Yar Ali(알리 아스판드 야르),Hak-Man Kim(김학만),Ju-Won Baek(백주원) 대한전기학회 2021 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
Electrified transportation integration has not only increased the load demand on the system but also provided an opportunity to aggregate electric vehicles (EVs) into the grid for providing energy through batteries in EVs. Therefore, in this article, a combined approach for the optimal type demand response (DR) and vehicle grid (V2G) is proposed. DR is beneficial for the EVs to avoid charging in peak hours and vehicle to grid for discharging to sell energy for maximizing profit. Simulations are carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Role of antioxidants in fertility preservation of sperm - A narrative review
Ahmad Yar Qamar,Muhammad Ilyas Naveed,Sanan Raza,Xun Fang,Pantu Kumar Roy,Seonggyu Bang,Bereket Molla Tanga,Islam M. Saadeldin,Sanghoon Lee,Jongki Cho Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.3
Male fertility is affected by multiple endogenous stressors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), which greatly deteriorate the fertility. However, physiological levels of ROS are required by sperm for the proper accomplishment of different cellular functions including proliferation, maturation, capacitation, acrosomal reaction, and fertilization. Excessive ROS production creates an imbalance between ROS production and neutralization resulting in oxidative stress (OS). OS causes male infertility by impairing sperm functions including reduced motility, deoxyribonucleic acid damage, morphological defects, and enhanced apoptosis. Several in-vivo and in-vitro studies have reported improvement in quality-related parameters of sperm following the use of different natural and synthetic antioxidants. In this review, we focus on the causes of OS, ROS production sources, mechanisms responsible for sperm damage, and the role of antioxidants in preserving sperm fertility.
드론을 통한 산불 감지를 위한 효율적인 CNN 아키텍처
Hikmat Yar,Noman Khan,Fath U Min Ullah,Mi Young Lee,Sung Wook Baik 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2021 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.05
Forest fire is one of the most dangerous disasters worldwide, due to which its management is a key concern of the research community to prevent social, ecological, and economic damages. Wildfires are extremely catastrophic disasters that lead to the destruction of forests, human assets, reduction of soil fertility and cause global warming. To overcome such kind of losses early fire detection and quick response is the key concern of research community. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a lightweight convolution neural network (CNN) method to efficiently detect the forest fire for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones. For the experimental evaluations, we develop an aerial images dataset from YouTube, movies, and google images. The results of the proposed architecture reveal its good performance in terms of 96% accuracy.
Ali Asfand Yar,Hussain Akhtar,Baek Ju-Won,Man-Kim Hak 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.4
Improvement in the electric vehicles (EVs) area and the expanding number and greatness of catastrophic events have drawn in the consideration of analysts to use the put-away energy in EVs and upgrade the versatility of force frameworks. Microgrids are viewed as a possible source to take care of these issues. Nearby assets accessible in the microgrid are utilized to improve the strength of the system, for example, battery energy storage system. An extra battery energy storage system to improve the resiliency of the system might prompt an expansion in capital expenses. Consequently, in this article, existing EVs in the microgrid parking lot is utilized revenue-driven acquiring and fl exibility upgrades with next to no extra capital expense. In the normal operation scenario, using the proposed strategy EV energy is sold to the MGs in the system off ering the highest bidding cost, resulting in raise in the profi t margin for the EV owners. In the case of contingencies, the proposed scheme supplies energy from grid-connected microgrids to islanded microgrids through accessible EVs. The strategy to supply energy is carried out in three steps. In the fi rst step, required energy and available energy in the EVs is informed to the central energy management system (CEMS). In the second step, CEMS decides the microgrid to supply energy to the islanded microgrid among grid-connected microgrids. Finally, the microgrid chosen by the CEMS to supply energy to islanded microgrid concludes which EV ought to be sent among the accessible EVs. Simulations have been carried out to show the viability of the proposed scheme.