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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Yaping Shao (검색결과 4 건)
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Synoptic Analysis of Dust Storms in the Middle East
Mehdi Hamidi,Mohammad Reza Kavianpour,Yaping Shao 한국기상학회 2013 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.49 No.3
Dust storm in the Middle East and south-west Asia is a natural hazard and the Tigris-Euphrates alluvial plain has been recognized as the main dust source in this area. In this study, more than 60 dust storms that occurred during the period 2003-2011 are investigated on the basis of MODIS satellite images, and 12 of the dust storms are selected for synoptic analysis using the NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis Data. The potential dust sources in the Middle East and south-west Asian region (20oE to 80oE, 5oN to 50oN) are analyzed and used in the synoptic analysis. Dust storms in the region can be grouped into two main categories, i.e., the Shamal dust storms and the frontal dust storms. Synoptic systems, associated with the two categories, are distinguished and the frequency of the patterns is identified. For 68% of the Shamal dust storms, a high pressure system is situated between 0oE to 30oE and 27oN to 45oN, and a low pressure system between 50oE to 70oE and 23oN to 43oN. For 86% of the frontal dust storms, a high is located between 51oE to 67oE and 18oN to 33oN and a low between 28oE to 48oE and 32oN to 43oN. Three main patterns for Shamal dust storms are identified, which represent about 60% of the Shamal dust storms. This analysis confirms that the Shamal is related to the anticyclones located over northern Africa to Eastern Europe and the monsoon trough over Iraq, southern Iran, Pakistan and the Indian Subcontinent. The analysis also shows that the main dust sink for the frontal dust storms in Tigris and Euphrates alluvial plain extends from center of Iraq to west and center of Iran and, in most severe cases, to northern Iran and the southern coast of the Caspian Sea.
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The Influence of Vegetation Variation on Northeast Asian Dust Activity
Rui Mao,허창회,Song Feng,Dao-Yi Gong,Yaping Shao 한국기상학회 2013 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.49 No.1
In this study, we investigate the influence of vegetation variations on dust activity (dust load, dust transport in the troposphere,and dust weather frequency) over Northeast Asia during springtime. By using the Integrated Wind Erosion Modeling System,two model experiments are run over four-month periods, from February 1 to May 31, for each year from 1982 to 2006; one experiment uses the observed atmospheric conditions and vegetation (OBS), and the other uses the specified atmospheric conditions in 2006 and the observed vegetation (CTRL). Comparison of the two model experiments reveals that there are sensitive regions in southeastern Mongolia and central northern China, in which vegetation has a large potential to influence dust activity due to both the high dust emission rate and large variations in vegetation coverage. Over these sensitive regions,vegetation effectively lessens dust loads on interannual and interdecadal timescales; dust load is decreased by 2864 μg m−2 for an increment of 0.1 in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Vegetation increase in the sensitive areas also reduces two major branches of dust transports in the low troposphere; one stretches from eastern Mongolia to regions northeastward, and the other flows across the south of northeastern China to Korea. In addition to dust loads and transports, vegetation increase in the sensitive areas evidently decreases dust storm frequency and blowing dust frequency, but it exerts a weak influence on the floating dust frequency. In the sensitive regions, as NDVI increases by 0.1, dust storms, blowing dust,and floating dust decrease by 4.0 days/spring, 1.5 days/spring, and 0.2 days/spring, respectively. In summary, vegetation variations in southeastern Mongolia and central northern China have considerable impact on northeast Asian dust during springtime.
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