Waste-to-energy: biobutanol production from cellulosic residue of sweet potato by Clostridia acetobutylicum

Yanling Jin,Liang Zhang,Zhuolin Yi,Yang Fang,Hai Zhao 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.5

Biobutanol has been emerging as a renewable replacement to overcome fossil fuel limit due to its attractive qualities. The waste resources utilization is an economically feasible and eco-friendly way to produce biobutanol. In this work, the potential of butanol fermentation with sweet potato residue (SPR) obtained from ethanol fermentation was evaluated. To assist sugar release for butanol production by Clostridia acetobutylicum, a pretreatment approach with dilute sulfuric acid was established via response surface methodology. The maximum butanol concentration of 3.77 g/L was obtained at the optimal conditions of pretreatment at 1% (v/v) dilute sulfuric acid, and 115℃ for 30 min. Detoxifying the hydrolysate with XAD-4 resin significantly enhanced butanol fermentation performance, while adding nutritional supplements had no significant influence. The stability of the fermentation process was verified by the 2 L-scale of fermentation, resulting in 7.96 g/L of butanol, 13.42 g/L h of Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE), and 0.34 g/g of ABE yield, respectively. This study demonstrates a bio-refinery strategy of conversion from waste biomass to energy, confirms the feasibility of utilizing the cost saving SPR as feedstock to produce butanol through fermentation, and provides a novel approach for minimization of environmental pollution.

Solvent extraction of Fe3+ from the hydrochloric acid route phosphoric acid by D2EHPA in kerosene

Yang Jin,Yujing Ma,Yanling Weng,Xuhong Jia,Jun Li 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.5

It is necessary to remove Fe3+ from the hydrochloric acid route phosphoric acid before it is purified by trin-butyl phosphate (TBP), otherwise the final product will fail because of the excessive iron content. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA, HA) is effective for Fe3+ extraction. Therefore, the solvent extraction of Fe3+ from the HCl-route phosphoric acid by D2EHPA in kerosene is investigated. The effects of the extraction time, temperature and concentrations of phosphoric acid, D2EHPA, calcium chloride and Fe3+ on the extraction process are studied. The mechanism of the extraction is explained and the extracted species is demonstrated to be FeClA2 4HA. D2EHPA has a high efficiency for Fe3+ extraction from the synthesis and actual HCl-route phosphoric acid with extraction percent of 98.61% and 96.50%, respectively via a cross-current 3-stage extraction. The loaded organic phase is effectively stripped (99.9%) using 6 mol/L hydrochloric acid. The extractant also has a high stability under a closed operation condition. D2EHPA can serve as an adequate extractant for the extraction of Fe3+ from the HCl-route phosphoric acid.

중국 스포츠철학의 현황 및 발전방안 모색

후이안러 ( Hu Yanle ),김진훈 ( Kim Jin-hun ),이호근 ( Yi Ho-kun ) 한국체육학회 2020 한국체육학회지 Vol.59 No.1

인류가 21세기에 들어선 후로부터 스포츠는 점차 기존 사회생활의 변두리로부터 사람들의 주류 시야에 들어오기 시작하였다. 중국도 “동아병부(東亞病夫)”라는 풍자의 의미가 가득한 칭호를 버릴 수 있게 되면서 세계가 공인하는 스포츠강국으로 변신하게 되었다. 스포츠의 정치, 경제, 문화, 교육, 보건 등 복잡한 기능을 아우르는 특수 문화현상의 역할 및 영향력은 분명하다. 우리가 이러한 특수 문화현상을 심도 있게 이해하려면 반드시 스포츠철학이란 학문분야에 대한 제대로 된 인식과 발전을 강화하여야 한다. 이에 현재까지의 중국의 역사를 시대 구분하여 스포츠문화현상을 비교, 분석을 통하여 그 속에 내포 되어 있는 스포츠철학사상을 찾아내고자 하였다. 또한 중국의 스포츠철학사상의 기원을 탐구하고 스포츠철학 학문분야에 대하여 신 중국에서의 발전과정을 정리하여 스포츠철학의 현황 및 문제점을 고찰함으로써 중국 스포츠철학의 발전에 방향을 제시하고자 한다. Since the human into the 21st century, sport has gradually from the edge of the original social life into the people’s mainstream vision. China also lost the “East Asia sick man” this ironic full title, into the world recognized sport power. The role and influence of sport as a special cultural phenomenon in the complex functions of politics, economy, culture, education, health care and so on is obvious. If we want to understand this particular cultural phenomenon in depth, we must strengthen the understanding and development of the discipline of sport philosophy. By analyzing the phenomenon of sport culture in different historical periods in China, this paper tries to find out the origin of sport philosophy thought in the ancient Chinese language. We hope that by combing the history of sport philosophy in the development of new China, Philosophy of the status quo and problems for the development of Chinese sport philosophy to provide better advice.

Shorter Telomere Length Is Associated with Increased Breast Cancer Risk in a Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Analysis

Zhaoxia Wang,Zhenxing Zhang,Yanling Guo,Huifeng Shui,Guoqi Liu,Tianbo Jin,Huijie Wang 한국유방암학회 2018 Journal of breast cancer Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of telomere length with breast cancer risk. We simultaneously explored the association between telomerase reverse transcriptase gene polymorphisms and telomere length. Methods: We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure relative telomere length (RTL) in genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood from 183 breast cancer cases and 191 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Results: Our results show that breast cancer patients had significantly shorter RTLs than control subjects (p< 0.05). When the RTLs were categorized into tertiles, we found that the lowest RTL was significantly associated with increased breast cancer risk compared with the highest RTL (odds ratio [OR], 2.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40–3.90; p=0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated that risk of breast cancer was also significantly increased in the lowest RTL compared with the highest RTL in age >40 years (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.31–4.43; p=0.005), body mass index ≤24 kg/m2 (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.55–5.10; p=0.001), and postmenopausal women (OR, 3.94; 95% CI, 1.63–9.51; p=0.002), respectively. In addition, individuals with the AA genotype of rs2853677 have longer telomeres than those of breast cancer patients with the AG genotype (p= 0.011). Conclusion: Our results suggest that shorter RTL was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. An association was found between the AA genotype of rs2853677 and longer RTLs in the case group. Functional studies are warranted to validate this association and further investigate our findings.

SDSS J013127.34-032100.1: A NEWLY DISCOVERED RADIO-LOUD QUASAR AT <i>z</i> = 5.18 WITH EXTREMELY HIGH LUMINOSITY

Yi, Wei-Min,Wang, Feige,Wu, Xue-Bing,Yang, Jinyi,Bai, Jin-Ming,Fan, Xiaohui,Brandt, William N.,Ho, Luis C.,Zuo, Wenwen,Kim, Minjin,Wang, Ran,Yang, Qian,Zhang, Ju-jia,Wang, Fang,Wang, Jian-Guo,Ai, Yanl IOP Publishing 2014 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.795 No.2

<P>Very few of the z > 5 quasars discovered to date have been radio-loud, with radio-to-optical flux ratios (radio-loudness parameters) higher than 10. Here we report the discovery of an optically luminous radio-loud quasar, SDSS J013127.34-032100.1 (J0131-0321 in short), at z = 5.18 +/- 0.01 using the Lijiang 2.4 m and Magellan telescopes. J0131-0321 has a spectral energy distribution consistent with that of radio-loud quasars. With an i-band magnitude of 18.47 and a radio flux density of 33 mJy, its radio-loudness parameter is similar to 100. The optical and near-infrared spectra taken by Magellan enable us to estimate its bolometric luminosity to be L-bol similar to 1.1 x 10(48) erg s(-1), approximately 4.5 times greater than that of the most distant quasar known to date. The black hole mass of J0131-0321 is estimated to be 2.7 x 10(9) M-circle dot, with an uncertainty up to 0.4 dex. Detailed physical properties of this high-redshift, radio-loud, potentially super-Eddington quasar can be probed in the future with more dedicated and intensive follow-up observations using multi-wavelength facilities.</P>

Dysfunction of Shh signaling activates autophagy to inhibit trophoblast motility in recurrent miscarriage

Pan Yibin,Yan Lili,Chen Qiaoqiao,Wei Cheng,Dai Yongdong,Tong Xiaomei,Zhu Haiyan,Lu Meifei,Zhang Yanling,Jin Xiaoying,Zhang Tai,Lin Xiaona,Zhou Feng,Zhang Songying 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-

In early pregnancy, the placenta anchors the conceptus and supports embryonic development and survival. This study aimed to investigate the underlying functions of Shh signaling in recurrent miscarriage (RM), a serious disorder of pregnancy. In the present study, Shh and Gli2 were mainly observed in cytotrophoblasts (CTBs), Ptch was mainly observed in syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs), and Smo and Gli3 were expressed in both CTBs and STBs. Shh signaling was significantly impaired in human placenta tissue from recurrent miscarriage patients compared to that of gestational age-matched normal controls. VEGF-A and CD31 protein levels were also significantly decreased in recurrent miscarriage patients. Furthermore, inhibition of Shh signaling impaired the motility of JAR cells by regulating the expression of Gli2 and Gli3. Intriguingly, inhibition of Shh signaling also triggered autophagy and autolysosome accumulation. Additionally, knockdown of BECN1 reversed Gant61-induced motility inhibition. In conclusion, our results showed that dysfunction of Shh signaling activated autophagy to inhibit trophoblast motility, which suggests the Shh pathway and autophagy as potential targets for RM therapy.