Depth-controllable ultra shallow Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide/Gallium Arsenide hetero junction diode

Yang, S.U.,Choi, S.H.,Lee, J.,Kim, J.,Jung, W.S.,Yu, H.Y.,Roh, Y.,Park, J.H. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.561 No.-

One of the challenges for the III-V semiconductor-based nanometer-scale device fabrication is to achieve ultra-shallow junction diode. In this letter, we demonstrate a junction depth-controllable ultra-shallow (15nm) n-IGZO/p-GaAs hetero-junction diode at a low temperature (300<SUP>o</SUP>C). Through TOF-SIMS, J-V measurement, and HSC chemistry simulation, n-IGZO/p-GaAs junctions are carefully investigated. On-current density (0.02A/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) and on/off-current ratio (4x10<SUP>2</SUP>) were obtained in the junction annealed at 300<SUP>o</SUP>C. Additionally, the effect of n-IGZO thickness control on junction current is investigated, comparing 15nm and 30nm thick n-IGZO samples.

Ionic conductivity of Ga-doped LLZO prepared using Couette-Taylor reactor for all-solid lithium batteries

Yang, S.H.,Kim, M.Y.,Kim, D.H.,Jung, H.Y.,Ryu, H.M.,Han, J.H.,Lee, M.S.,Kim, H.S. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2017 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.56 No.-

<P>A Couette-Taylor reactor and a batch reactor were used to synthesize garnet-related LLZO materials (Li7-3xMxLa3Zr2O12, M = Ga, Al) for all-solid batteries, and the properties of the resulting samples were compared. Ga-doped LLZO synthesized with the Couette-Taylor reactor comprised cubic phase primary nanoparticles; the calculated lattice parameter and crystallite size for the Couette-Taylor and batch reactor samples were a = 12.98043 angstrom and 129.8 nm and a = 12.97568 angstrom and 394.5 nm, respectively. The parameters for the Al-doped LLZO congener synthesized with the Couette-Taylor reactor were a = 13.10758 angstrom, c = 12.67279 angstrom, and 132.5 nm. The cross-section of the Ga-doped LLZO pellet synthesized with the Couette-Taylor reactor showed a denser microstructure than that of the other pellets, with a relative density of 98%. The total ionic conductivity of the Ga-doped LLZO pellets synthesized with the Couette-Taylor reactor was 1.2-1.75 x 10(-3)S/cm at 25 degrees C. This value contrasts sharply with that of the sample from the batch reactor (3.9 x 10(-4) S/cm). This is may be related to the large size of Ga doped into the LLZO crystallite structure and the primary nanoparticles, which promoted sintering of the pellet. (C) 2017 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Electrical characteristics of nano-crystal Si particles for nano-floating gate memory

Yang, J.S.,Kim, S.-I.,Kim, Y.T.,Cho, W.J.,Park, J.H. Elsevier 2008 Microelectronics Journal Vol.39 No.12

In these days, the researches of non-volatile memory device using nano-crystal(NC)-Si are actively progressing to replace flash memory devices. Many kinds of non-volatile memory devices such as phase-change(P)-RAM, resistance(Re)-RAM, polymer(Po)-RAM, and nano-floating gate memory(NFGM) are being studied. In this work, we study NFGM device in which information is memorized by storing electrons in silicon nanocrystal. The NFGM device has shown great promise for ultra-dense high-endurance memory device for low-power applications [S. Tiwari, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 (1996) 1377], and it is able to fabricate 1T-type device. Thus, the NFGM is considered to replace existing flash memory device. Non-volatile memory device has been fabricated by using NC-Si particles. The NC-Si particles have broad size range of 1-5nm and an average size of 2.7nm, which are sufficiently small to indicate the quantum effect for silicon. The memory window has been analyzed by C-V characteristic of NC-Si particles. V<SUB>d</SUB>-I<SUB>d</SUB> and V<SUB>g</SUB>-I<SUB>d</SUB> characteristics of the fabricated device have also been measured.

Expression of potato S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthase (SbSAMS) gene altered developmental characteristics and stress responses in transgenic Arabidopsis plants

Kim, S.H.,Kim, S.H.,Palaniyandi, S.A.,Yang, S.H.,Suh, J.W. Gauthier-Villars ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 Vol. No.

S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) synthase (SAMS) catalyze the biosynthesis of SAM, which is a precursor for ethylene and polyamines, and a methyl donor for a number of biomolecules. A full-length cDNA of SAMS from Solanum brevidens was expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana to study its physiological function. RT-PCR analysis showed that SbSAMS expression was enhanced significantly in S. brevidens leaves upon treatment with salt, mannitol, ethephon, IAA and ABA. The transgenic SbSAMS overexpression lines accumulated higher levels S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAHC) and ethylene concomitantly with increased SAM level. Expression levels of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis such as ACC synthase, but not polyamine biosynthesis genes were enhanced in SbSAMS overexpressing Arabidopsis lines. In addition, ABA responsive, wound and pathogen-inducible genes were upregulated in SbSAMS transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines exhibited higher salt and drought stress tolerance compared to those of vector control. Based on these results we conclude that SbSAMS is expressed under abiotic stress to produce SAM as a broad-spectrum signal molecule to upregulate stress-related genes including ethylene and ABA biosynthetic pathway genes responsible for ABA, pathogen and wound responses.

Development of Bovine Specific Leptin Radioimmunoassay and Relationship of Plasma Leptin with Vitamin A and Age of Wagyu

Yang, S.H.,Kawachi, H.,Khan, M.A.,Lee, S.Y.,Kim, H.S.,Ha, Jong K.,Lee, W.S.,Lee, H.J.,Ki, K.S.,Kim, S.B.,Sakaguchi, S.,Maruyama, S.,Yano, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.9

Leptin is produced by adipocytes and its role in the regulation of lipid metabolism, feed intake, productive and reproductive performance of domestic animal species has been greatly stressed and extensively investigated in recent years. This study was conducted to develop a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the estimation of plasma bovine leptin and to determine plasma leptin concentration in fattening Japanese Black cattle (Wagyu) and its crossbreds at commercial farms. Relationships of plasma leptin with plasma vitamin A and age of crossbred cattle were also determined. Recombinant bovine leptin (rbleptin) was produced by the E. coli overexpressed leptin as a GST (glutathione S-transferase)-fusion protein. Then antiserum against bovine leptin was obtained by its immunization in rabbits. Using this antiserum, a bovine specific RIA was developed and plasma leptin level was determined in 120 crossbred fattening cattle (WagyuHolstein, 50:50) at commercial farms. The plasma leptin level increased with the age of cattle and its level was greater in the crossbred heifers than in the steers. Plasma vitamin A level was negatively correlated with plasma leptin level in crossbred heifers and steers. This relationship was stronger in heifers than in steers. Plasma leptin was gradually increased with advancing age in fattening Wagyu cattle. In conclusion, development of a bovine specific RIA to estimate plasma leptin will contribute to better understanding of the role of leptin in cattle.

Plot-scale study of surface runoff on well-covered forest floors under different canopy species

Kim, J.K.,Onda, Y.,Kim, M.S.,Yang, D.Y. Pergamon Press 2014 QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL Vol.344 No.-

To investigate the effects of vegetation canopy on surface runoff, four runoff plots (2 m x 1 m in size) were established under different types of forest canopies (S1: sawtooth oak and Japanese larch; S2: Chinese cork oak; S3: shrub; and S4: Korean pine) on a mountain slope in central Korea. Rainfall, throughfall, and surface runoff were measured from July 2007 to October 2009. During the observation period, there was no storm event with a rainfall intensity that exceeded the average value for infiltration rates at the runoff plots. Each plot showed differences in surface runoff generation (S1 > S2 @? S3 > S4). The plots with broad-leaf litter layers had higher maximum water storage capacities than the plot with a needle-leaf litter layer. These results imply that the water storage capacity and the leaf shape of the litter layer affected surface runoff generation. Moreover, under dry conditions (<20 mm of API<SUB>7</SUB>), the rainfall threshold for all plots, except S4, required for surface runoff generation decreased and surface runoff from all plots increased slightly compared with relatively wet conditions (>20 mm of API<SUB>7</SUB>). Storm runoff coefficients at all plots decreased drastically as the value of API<SUB>7</SUB> increased. This suggests that the lowering of the rainfall threshold for surface runoff generation and the resulting increase in surface runoff might be related to the development of hydrophobic conditions on the soil surface caused by dry conditions. Therefore, in addition to leaf shape and water storage capacity of the litter layer, the soil water condition also can be an important factor in plot-scale evaluations of surface runoff generation from a slope well covered with litter layer.

Expression of OAT1 and OAT3 in differentiating proximal tubules of the mouse kidney.

Hwang, J-S,Park, E-Y,Kim, W-Y,Yang, C-W,Kim, J Gutenberg 2010 HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY Vol.25 No.1

<P>Organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) and OAT3 in the proximal tubules (PT) of the kidney play important roles in the elimination of harmful endogenous compounds and xenobiotics from the body. We investigated the temporal and spatial expression of OAT1 and OAT3 in the differentiating PT in mouse kidney. Ontogenic expression of OAT1 and OAT3 was investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. The S1, S2, and S3 segments of the PT were identified using antibodies to aquaporin 1 (AQP1), Na+-HCO3- cotransporter 1 (kNBC1), and AQP4. OAT1 immunoreactivity was first detected at PT in the inner cortex of 15-day-old fetuses (F15) and in the outer cortex of 7-day old pups. OAT3 was first observed in the distal tubule of F14 and in S2 segment of the PT of F16 and in S1 and S3 segments around the time of birth; expression increased through postpartum day 21. The ontogenic pattern of expression of OAT1 and OAT3 in the differentiating PT suggests that both transporters may function in the S2 segment in the fetus, but not until after birth in S1 and S3 segments.</P>

DROWSY BEHAVIOR DETECTION BASED ON DRIVING INFORMATION

M. S. WANG,N. T. JEONG,K. S. KIM,S. B. CHOI,S. M. YANG,S. H. YOU,J. H. LEE,서명원 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.1

Drowsy behavior is more likely to occur in sleep-deprived drivers. Individuals’ drowsy behavior detection technology should be developed to prevent drowsiness related crashes. Driving information such as acceleration, steering angle and velocity, and physiological signals of drivers such as electroencephalogram (EEG), and eye tracking are adopted in present drowsy behavior detection technologies. However, it is difficult to measure physiological signal, and eye tracking requires complex experiment equipment. As a result, driving information is adopted for drowsy driving detection. In order to achieve this purpose, driving experiment is performed for obtaining driving information through driving simulator. Moreover, this paper investigates effects of using different input parameter combinations, which is consisted of lateral acceleration, longitudinal acceleration, and steering angles with different time window sizes (i.e. 4 s, 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 60 s), on drowsy driving detection using random forest algorithm. 20 s-size datasets using parameter combination of accelerations in lateral and longitudinal directions, compared to the other combination cases of driving information such as steering angles combined with lateral and longitudinal acceleration, steering angles only, longitudinal acceleration only, and lateral acceleration only, is considered the most effective information for drivers’ drowsy behavior detection. Moreover, comparing to ANN algorithm, RF algorithm performs better on processing complex input data for drowsy behavior detection. The results, which reveal high accuracy 84.8 % on drowsy driving behavior detection, can be applied on condition of operating real vehicles.

PCR-RFLP분석에 의한 양배추류의 S-allele 동정법 개발

박종인(J. I. Park),노일섭(I. S. Nou),박영수(Y. S. Park),양승균(S. K. Yang),이수성(S. S. Lee) 한국원예학회 1999 원예과학기술지 Vol.17 No.2

Phenological growth stages of <i>Brachypodium distachyon</i>: codification and description

HONG, S‐,Y,PARK, J‐,H,CHO, S‐,H,YANG, M‐,S,PARK, C‐,M Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Weed research Vol.51 No.6

<P>H<SMALL>ong</SMALL> S‐Y, P<SMALL>ark</SMALL> J‐H, C<SMALL>ho</SMALL> S‐H, Y<SMALL>ang</SMALL> M‐S & P<SMALL>ark</SMALL> C‐M (2011). Phenological growth stages of <I>Brachypodium distachyon</I>: codification and description. <I>Weed Research</I><B>51</B>, 612–620.</P><P><B>Summary</B></P><P><I>Brachypodium distachyon</I> is being used as a new model monocotyledon for grass crop research and bioenergy grass biotechnology. With the recent completion of the full genome sequencing project, one of the next major challenges is to determine the functional activities of many genes. In an attempt to aid the rapid determination of gene function in crop plants, a high throughput phenotypic analysis system has been established through phenological analyses of a series of defined growth stages. The codification follows the BBCH (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemische Industrie) scale, a numerical system that differentiates between principal and secondary growth stages from seed germination to flower head emergence and seed ripening. We present here analyses of the phenological development stages of <I>B.?distachyon</I> to illustrate a methodological framework that can be used to identify and interpret phenotypic differences derived from genetic variations and environmental stress responses in this plant species. This scale may greatly contribute to the <I>B.?distachyon</I> research in the future, particularly to functional determination of genes that mediate biomass productivity. It may also serve as a suitable tool for defining the growth stages of other grass species.</P>