Indus Script:

Nisha Yadav,M. N. Vahia 훈민정음학회 2011 Scripta Vol.0 No.3

The Indus script is an undeciphered script of the ancient world. In spite of numerous attempts over several decades, the script has defied universally acceptable decipherment. In a recent series of papers (Yadav et al. 2010; Rao et al. 2009a, b; Yadav et al. 2008a, b) we have analysed the sequences of Indus signs which demonstrate presence of a rich syntax and logic in its structure. Here we focus on the structural design of individual signs of the Indus script. Our study is based on the sign list given in the concordance of Mahadevan (1977) which consists of 417 distinct signs. We analyse the structure of all signs in the sign list of Indus script and visually identify three types of design elements of Indus signs namely basic signs, provisional basic signs and modifiers. These elements combine in a variety of ways to generate the entire set of Indus signs. By comparing the environment of compound signs with all possible sequences of constituent basic signs, we show that sign compounding (ligaturing) and sign modification seem to change the meaning or add value to basic signs rather than save writing space. The study aims to provide an understanding of the general makeup and mechanics of design of Indus signs.

Single and two implant-supported overdentures: A comparison of objective prognostic parameters and QOL

Niharika Yadav(Niharika Yadav ),Deeksha Arya(Deeksha Arya ),Saumyendra Vikram Singh(Saumyendra Vikram Singh ),Kamleshwar Singh(Kamleshwar Singh ),Mayank Singh(Mayank Singh ),Divya Mehrotra(Divya Mehro 대한치과이식임플란트학회 2022 The Korean Academy of Implant Dentistry Vol.41 No.3

Purpose: This study compared a) crestal bone loss, b) implant stability quotient (ISQ), c) probing depth, d) denture fracture incidence, and e) posterior residual ridge resorption (RRR) of two implant and single implant-supported overdentures and assessed the quality of life (QOL) was evaluated before and after giving the prosthesis. Materials and Methods: The study was a randomized longitudinal cohort study. Eighty subjects were selected for the study and divided randomly into two groups (n=40): Group 2IOD— two implant-supported overdentures; Group 1IOD— Single implant-supported overdentures. Except for the number of implants, the common surgical, implant, and the prosthetic protocol was followed for the two groups. An oral health impact profile EDENT questionnaire was completed by the patients before giving the implant-supported overdenture and after one year of prosthesis delivery to evaluate the effects of oral health on the quality of life. Probing pocket depth (mm), ISQ (resonance frequency analysis), denture fracture incidence, posterior RRR (mm), and crestal bone loss (mm) were assessed and compared at the baseline and one year after implant placement (early loading protocol) for the two groups. Standard statistical tests, including an unpaired t-test with SPSS software, were used for the analysis. Results: The average crestal bone loss in group 2IOD was insignificantly lower than group 1IOD. The ISQ values were higher for group 2IOD than group 1IOD at one year. The ISQ values for both groups at 12 months were similar (P>0.05). The probing depth at both time intervals yielded insignificant intergroup differences. No denture fracture was reported in either group. At 12 months, posterior ridge resorption in group 2IOD was 0.33±0.08, which was significantly lower than in group 1IOD. Conclusions: A one implant-supported overdenture is a comparable treatment option with two implant-supported overdentures for edentulous patients, having the advantages of lower cost and less surgical trauma. However, there may be more posterior RRR with this treatment modality.

Biological and Medicinal Properties of Grapes and Their Bioactive Constituents: An Update

Yadav, Mukesh,Jain, Shalini,Bhardwaj, Aarti,Nagpal, Ravinder,Puniya, Monica,Tomar, Radha,Singh, Vinod,Parkash, Om,Prasad, G.B.K.S.,Marotta, Francesco,Yadav, Hariom The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3

The grape is one of the most valued conventional fruits, worldwide. Although most of the parts of the grapevine are useful, primarily, the grape is considered as a source of unique natural products not only for the development of valuable medicines against a number of diseases, but also for manufacturing various industrial products. Over the last few decades, apart from the chemistry of grape compounds, considerable progress has been made towards exploring the biological activities of various grape-derived constituents. Today, it is well established that in addition to serving as food, the grape is a major source of several phytochemicals. The main biologically active and well-characterized constituent from the grape is resveratrol, which is known for various medicinal properties in human diseases. This review discusses the roles of various grape-derived phytochemicals in relation to various diseases.

Fullerene polymer film as a highly efficient photocatalyst for selective solar fuel production from CO₂

Yadav, Dolly,Yadav, Rajesh K.,Kumar, Abhishek,Park, No‐,Joong,Kim, Jae Young,Baeg, Jin‐,Ook John WileySons, Inc. 2020 Journal of applied polymer science Vol.137 No.14

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>C<SUB>60</SUB>‐based polymeric systems have been constantly anticipated for sustainable solar energy conversion. Reported, herein is a C<SUB>60</SUB> polymer film as visible light active photocatalyst for efficient and selective reduction of CO<SUB>2</SUB> for the first time. The C<SUB>60</SUB> polymer photocatalyst is synthesized via covalent coupling of C<SUB>60</SUB> monomer units consisting of tetra substituted C<SUB>60</SUB>‐pyrene conjugates through spacer groups. The synthesized C<SUB>60</SUB> polymer photocatalyst possesses an extended network of well‐defined repeating monomer units with good stability and visible light‐induced photocatalytic activity. The enhanced visible light harvesting ability of C<SUB>60</SUB> polymer photocatalyst reasonably yields it with higher catalytic ability than its monomer unit. The C<SUB>60</SUB> polymer film photocatalyst upon coupling with the biocatalyst carries out highly selective visible light driven reduction of CO<SUB>2</SUB> to HCOOH (239.46 μmol). The tandem way of incorporating C<SUB>60</SUB> into visible light active polymeric films for continuous use may be highly rewarding for their extended photocatalytic activity for solar fuel production from CO<SUB>2</SUB>. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. <B>2020</B>, <I>137</I>, 48536.</P>

Numerical solution of unsteady advection dispersion equation arising in contaminant transport through porous media using neural networks

Yadav, N.,Yadav, A.,Kim, J.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS - Vol.72 No.4

<P>A soft computing approach based on artificial neural network (ANN) and optimization is presented for the numerical solution of the unsteady one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation (ADE) arising in contaminant transport through porous media. A length factor ANN method, based on automatic satisfaction of arbitrary boundary conditions (BCs) was chosen for the numerical solution of ADE. The strength of ANN is exploited to construct a trial approximate solution (TAS) for ADE in a way that it satisfies the initial or BCs exactly. An unsupervised error is constructed in approximating the solution of ADE which is minimized by training ANN using gradient descent algorithm (GDA). Two challenging test problems of ADE are considered in this paper, in which, the first problem has steep boundary layers near x = 1 and many numerical methods create non-physical oscillation near steep boundaries. Also for the second problem many numerical schemes suffer from computational noise and instability issues. The proposed method is advantageous as it does not require temporal discretization for the solution of the ADEs as well as it does not suffer from numerical instability. The reliability and effectiveness of the presented algorithm is investigated by sufficient large number of independent runs and comparison of results with other existing numerical methods. The results show that the present method removes the difficulties arising in the solution of the ADEs and provides solution with good accuracy. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

In Situ Prepared Flexible 3D Polymer Film Photocatalyst for Highly Selective Solar Fuel Production from CO₂

Yadav, Rajesh K.,Kumar, Abhishek,Yadav, Dolly,Park, No-Joong,Kim, Jae Young,Baeg, Jin-Ook Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc 2018 CHEMCATCHEM Vol.10 No.9

TMBIM6 (transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing 6) enhances autophagy and reduces renal dysfunction in a cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity model

Yadav, Raj Kumar,Lee, Geum-Hwa,Lee, Hwa-Young,Li, Bo,Jung, Han-Eul,Rashid, Harun-Or,Choi, Min Kyung,Yadav, Binod Kumar,Kim, Woo-Ho,Kim, Kyung-Woon,Park, Byung-Hyun,Kim, Won,Lee, Yong-Chul,Kim, Hyung-R Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2015 AUTOPHAGY Vol.11 No.10

<P>Cyclosporine A (CsA) is widely used as an immunosuppressor in transplantation. Previous studies reported that CsA induces autophagy and that chronic treatment with CsA results in accumulation of autophagosomes and reduced autophagic clearance. Autophagy is a prosurvival process that promotes recovery from acute kidney injury by degrading misfolded proteins produced in the kidney. In the present study, we used TMBIM6-expressing HK-2, human kidney tubular cells (TMBIM6 cells) and Tmbim6 knockout (tmbim6(-/-)) mice. When exposed to CsA, the TMBIM6 cells maintained autophagy activity by preventing autophagosome accumulation. With regard to signaling, PRKKA/AMPK phosphorylation and mechanistic target of rapamycin (serine/threonine kinase) complex 1 (MTORC1) expression and its downstream target TFEB (transcription factor EB), a lysosome biogenesis factor, were regulated in the TMBIM6 cells. Lysosomal activity was highly increased or stably maintained in the presence of TMBIM6. In addition, treatment of tmbim6(-/-) mice with CsA resulted in increased autophagosome formation and decreased lysosome formation and activity. We also found that tmbim6(-/-) mice were susceptible to CsA-induced kidney injury. Taken together, these results indicate that TMBIM6 protects against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo by inducing autophagy and activating lysosomes.</P>

New Carbon Nanodots-Silica Hybrid Photocatalyst for Highly Selective Solar Fuel Production from CO₂

Yadav, Rajesh K.,Kumar, Abhishek,Park, No-Joong,Yadav, Dolly,Baeg, Jin-Ook Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley Sons) 2017 CHEMCATCHEM Vol.9 No.16

An efficient algorithm based on artificial neural networks and particle swarm optimization for solution of nonlinear Troesch’s problem

Yadav, N.,Yadav, A.,Kumar, M.,Kim, J. H. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 NEURAL COMPUTING AND APPLICATIONS Vol.28 No.1

<P>In this article, a simple and efficient approach for the approximate solution of a nonlinear differential equation known as Troesch's problem is proposed. In this article, a mathematical model of the Troesch's problem is described which arises in confinement of plasma column by radiation pressure. An artificial neural network (ANN) technique with gradient descent and particle swarm optimization is used to obtain the numerical solution of the Troesch's problem. This method overcomes the difficulty arising in the solution of Troesch's problem in the literature for eigenvalues of higher magnitude. The results obtained by the ANN method have been compared with the analytical solutions as well as with some other existing numerical techniques. It is observed that our results are more approximate and solution is provided on continuous finite time interval unlike the other numerical techniques. The main advantage of the proposed approach is that once the network is trained, it allows evaluating the solution at any required number of points for higher magnitude of eigenvalues with less computing time and memory.</P>

Reproductive performance of genetically engineered mice housed in different housing systems

Shikha Yadav,Inderjeet Yadav,Kunal Pratap,Pradeep Kumar Tiwari,Vijay Pal Singh 한국실험동물학회 2017 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.33 No.2

The genetically engineered mice require special husbandry care and are mainly housed in Individually Ventilated Cage (IVC) systems and Static Micro Isolator Cages (SMIC) to minimize the risk for spreading undesirable microorganisms. However, the static micro isolation cage housing like SMIC are being replaced with IVC systems in many facilities due to a number of benefits like a higher density housing in limited space, better protection from biohazards and allergens and decreased work load due to decreased frequency of cage changing required in this system. The purpose of this study was to examine the reproductive performance of genetically engineered mice housed in individually ventilated cages (IVC) and Static Micro Isolator Cages (SMIC). When the B6C3-Tg (APPswe, PSEN1dE9) 85Dbo/Mmjax transgenic mice were housed in these two housing systems, the number of litters per dam, number of pups born per dam and number of pups weaned per dam were found to be slightly higher in the IVC as compared to the SMIC but the difference was not significant (P<0.05). In case of Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43) knockout mice, the number of litters born per dam and the number of pups born per dam were marginally higher in the IVC as compared to those housed in SMIC but the difference was not significant (P<0.05). Only the number of pups weaned per dam were found to be significantly higher as compared to those housed in the SMIC system at P<0.05.