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Xiuying Fang,Miao Yu,Dongming Zheng,Han Gao,Weishuai Li,Ying Ma 대한신경과학회 2023 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.19 No.1
Background and Purpose The electrophysiologic characteristics of peripheral neuropathy secondary to nitrous oxide (N2O) abuse remain unclear. The paper therefore aimed to summarize the electrophysiologic characteristics of N2O-associated peripheral neuropathy and identify the risk factors of severe nerve injury. Methods The electrophysiologic results and clinical data of patients with peripheral neuropathy secondary to N2O abuse at our hospital between 2018 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively, and their electrophysiologic changes were summarized. Results Most patients exhibited decreased sensory and motor nerve conduction velocities (75% and 76%), decreased sensory nerve and compound motor action potentials (57% and 59%), and prolonged distal motor latency (59%), while a response was absent in 36%. These findings indicate that N2O abuse can result in generalized injury to sensory and motor nerves. Electrophysiologic results indicated axonal neuropathy in 37 cases (49%), demyelinating peripheral neuropathy in 4 (5%), and mixed neuropathy in 12 (16%). Peripheral nerve injury was more common in the lower limbs (72%) than in the upper limbs (42%, p<0.0001). The upper and lower limbs were primarily affected by sensory nerve demyelination (35%) and motor axonal injury (67%), respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that longer N2O exposure and longer disease course were associated with more-severe motor axonal injury in the lower limbs. Conclusions N2O-associated peripheral neuropathy can lead to sensory and motor nerve injury, with axonal injury being the most common. Injuries were more severe in the lower limbs. Prolonged N2O exposure and disease course increased the severity of motor axonal injury in the lower limbs.
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석수영(Xiuying Xi),리우팡(Fang Liu) 한국중원언어학회 2018 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.46
The aim of this study is to analyze the aspects of body terms used as classifiers in Korean and Chinese which are both classifier languages. Relevant body terms were collected from seven Korean texts including two dictionaries and five previous studies and five Chinese texts that include three dictionaries and two previous studies. At first, the object words are introduced. Body parts that are used in both languages in common are ‘head’, ‘nose’, ‘mouth’, ‘face’, ‘stomach’, ‘hands’, and ‘feet’. And then the cognitive aspects of the body term classifiers are investigated. In brief, body terms" classifier usages are founded on conceptual metonymy and metaphor mechanisms. The specific types of the mechanisms used in the process are part-whole metonymy, container-content metonymy, instrument-function metonymy, structural metaphor, image metaphor, and metonymy and metaphor"s complex. In the presence of body terms" classifier usages, Korean and Chinese present different aspects, but the roles of universal cognitive mechanisms are the same.
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