RINGS OF COPURE PROJECTIVE DIMENSION ONE

Tao Xiong 대한수학회 2017 대한수학회지 Vol.54 No.2

In this paper, in terms of the notions of {\rm strongly} copure projective modules and the copure projective dimension $cpD(R)$ of a ring $R$ were defined in \cite{FZD12}, we show that a domain $R$ has $cpD(R)\leq 1$ if and only if $R$ is a Gorenstein Dedekind domain.

RINGS OF COPURE PROJECTIVE DIMENSION ONE

Xiong, Tao Korean Mathematical Society 2017 대한수학회지 Vol.54 No.2

In this paper, in terms of the notions of strongly copure projective modules and the copure projective dimension cpD(R) of a ring R were defined in [12], we show that a domain R has $cpD(R){\leq}1$ if and only if R is a Gorenstein Dedekind domain.

Isolation and Cloning of Porcine SLC27A2 Gene and Detection of Its Polymorphism Associated with Growth and Carcass Traits

Wang, Tao,Liu, Chang,Xiong, Yuan-Zhu,Deng, Chang-Yan,Zuo, Bo,Xie, Hong-Tao,Xu, De-Quan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.8

The protein encoded by SLC27A2 gene is an isozyme of long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family, and it converts free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby plays a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. In the present study, SLC27A2 located on human chromosome 15 was selected as candidate gene and we isolated and cloned partial fragments of mRNA sequence and genomic fragments of porcine SLC27A2 gene. The coding region of the gene as determined by alignments shared 90% and 82% identity with human and mouse cDNAs, respectively. Detection in LargeWhite and Meishan breeds showed that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ($A{\rightarrow}G$) existed in exon 7, which caused corresponding amino acid changed for encoding. In LargeWhite pigs it encoded for Val while in Meishan pigs it encoded for Ile, so we developed the PCR-RFLP genotype method for detection of this polymorphism. Association study in 135 $F_2$ reference family indicated that significant correlation existed between the polymorphism and growth and carcass traits.

The Effect of Na0.44MnO2 Formation in Na+-Modified Spinel LiMn2O4

Lilong Xiong,Youlong Xu,Weiguo Wu,Pei Lei,Tao Tao,Xin Dong 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.4

Na0.44MnO2 impure phase is formed during the synthetic process of Na+-modified spinel LiMn2O4 by solid state reaction which is confirmed by x-ray diffraction analysis. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements are carried out to investigate the effect of the formation of Na0.44MnO2 impurity on the morphology and electrochemical properties of the spinel material. The results show that the spinel material with impure phase exhibits improved cyclability compared to that of the pristine LiMn2O4. The improved electrochemical performance is mainly ascribed to the improved crystallinity of the spinel particles, enhanced stability of the spinel structure and good electronic conductivity of the composite.

Physiological and Pharmacological Characterization of Glutamate and GABA Receptors in the Retina

Xiong-Li Yang,Ying Shen,Ming-Hu Han,Tao Lu 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1999 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.3 No.5

<P> Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the vertebrate retina, respectively. Using the whole-cell patch clamp technique and a rapid solution changer, glutamate and GABA receptors have been extensively investigated in carp retina. Glutamate receptors on both horizontal and amacrine cells may be an AMPA preferring subtype, which predominantly consists of flop splice variants. GABA<SUB>A</SUB> and GABA<SUB>C</SUB> receptors coexist in bipolar cells and they both show significant desensitization. Kinetics analysis demonstrated that activation, deactivation and desensitization of the GABA<SUB>C</SUB> receptor-mediated response of these cells are overall slower than those of the GABA<SUB>A</SUB> response. Endogenous modulator Zn<SUP>2⁢</SUP> in the retina was found to differentially modulate the kinetic characteristics of the GABA<SUB>C</SUB> and GABA<SUB>A</SUB> responses.

Effect of Initial Orientation on Corrosion Behavior of AZ80 Magnesium Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid

Tao Zhu,Xinghua Gong,Ying Xiong,Xiaxia Hu 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.8

Three diferent orientation specimens (P-ND30, P-ND60 and P-TD) prepared from the rolled AZ80 magnesium alloy plateswere immersed in simulated body fuid (SBF) for 384 h. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were measuredat 24 h, 96 h, 192 h, 288 h, and 384 h during immersion. The corrosion morphology and chemical composition of the threeorientation specimens were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). X-ray difractometer (XRD) was used to evaluate the phase composition of the surface of the specimen at diferentimmersion stages. The results indicated that the P-ND30 and P-ND60 specimens had similar corrosion behavior. The P-TDspecimen showed the best corrosion resistance. A degradation evolution model was established, and the efect of initialorientation on corrosion behavior was discussed.

Application of Acoustical Method to Characterize Nonwoven Material

Tao Yang,Xiaoman Xiong,Yuanfeng Wang,Rajesh Mishra,Michal Petrů,Jiří Militký 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.3

Some structural parameters, such as tortuosity, viscous and thermal characteristic lengths, are difficult to obtainthrough direct measurements. Existing indirect methods, i.e. acoustical method, make it possible to estimate theseparameters. This paper presents an application of acoustical inversion methods for estimating structural parameters ofpolyester nonwoven materials. A four-microphone impedance tube was used to measure sound reflection and transmissioncoefficients. The inversion methods used in this research are least square and Bayesian approaches. The least square methodwas achieved via Nelder-Mead algorithm. The Bayesian inversion process was conducted with Metropolis-Hastingsalgorithm and maximum a posteriori. Inversed parameters from two methods as well as front and back sides of nonwovenfabric were compared. Moreover, inversed porosity and airflow resistivity were compared with measured values. The resultsshow that the least square and Bayesian methods has a good agreement. Estimated parameters from Bayesian method wereselected for further analysis. A sizable differences on thermal characteristic length were found by comparing the values fromtwo sides, while the differences are relatively small for other parameters. It is also found that the inversed porosity, tortuosityare reasonable. The results suggest that the acoustical inversion methods can be used to accurately characterize polyesterfibrous materials.

IL-12 Regulates B7-H1 Expression in Ovarian Cancer-associated Macrophages by Effects on NF-κB Signalling

Xiong, Hai-Yu,Ma, Ting-Ting,Wu, Bi-Tao,Lin, Yan,Tu, Zhi-Guang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background and Aim: B7-H1, a co-inhibitory molecule of the B7 family, is found aberrantly expressed in ovarian cancer cells and infiltrating macrophage/dendritic-like cells, and plays a critical role in immune evasion by ovarian cancer. IL-12, an inducer of Th1 cell development, exerts immunomodulatory effects on ovarian cancer. However, whether IL-12 regulates B7-H1 expression in human ovarian cancer associated-macrophages has not been clarified. Therefore, we investigated the effects of IL-12 on the expression of B7-H1 in ovarian cancer-associated macrophages and possible mechanisms. Methods: PMA induced THP-1-derived macrophages or human monocyte-derived macrophages were treated with recombinant IL-12 (rIL-12) or infected with adenovirus carrying human IL-12 gene (Ad-IL-12-GFP) for 24 h, then cocultured with the SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line for another 24 h. Macrophages were collected for real-time PCR and Western blot to detect the expression of B7-H1, and activation of the NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway. Moreover, supernatants were collected to assay for IL-12, IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-10 by ELISA. In addition, monocyte-derived macrophages treated with IFN-${\gamma}$ were cocultured with SKOV3 and determined for the expression of B7-H1. Furthermore, the expression of B7-H1 in monocyte-derived macrophages was also evaluated after blocking NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling. Results: The expression of B7-H1 was significantly upregulated in monocyte-derived macrophages treated with rIL-12 or Ad-IL-12-GFP compared with the control groups (p<0.05), accompanied by a remarkable upregulation of IFN-${\gamma}$ (p<0.05), a marked downregulation of IL-10 (p<0.05) and activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling. However, the upregulation of B7-H1 was inhibited by blocking the NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway (p<0.05). Expression of B7-H1 was also increased (p<0.05) in monocyte-derived macrophages treated with IFN-${\gamma}$ and cocultured with SKOV3. By contrast, the expression of B7-H1 in THP-1-derived macrophages was significantly decreased when treated in the same way as monocyte-derived macrophages (p<0.05), and IL-10 was also significantly decreased but IFN-${\gamma}$ was almost absent. Conclusions: IL-12 upregulates the expression of B7-H1 in monocyte-derived macrophages, which is possible though inducing the secretion of IFN-${\gamma}$ and further activating the NF-${\kappa}B$ signal pathway. However, IL-12 downregulates the expression of B7-H1 in THP-1-derived macrophages, associated with a lack of IFN-${\gamma}$ and inhibition of expression of IL-10.

Effect of Mechanical Alloying and Sintering Behavior on the Microstructure and Properties of NbMoTaWRe Refractory High Entropy Alloy

Tao Gu,Li‑Min Wang,Qiang Hu,Xiu‑Bing Liang,Dong‑Xing Fu,Yong‑Xiong Chen,Xin‑Ming Zhao,Yan‑Wei Sheng 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.11

An equiatomic refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) NbMoTaWRe is prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and sparkplasma sintering (SPS). The effects of mechanical alloying and sintering behaviors on the microstructure and propertiesof the RHEA are investigated. After ball-milling for 30 h, the metastable and supersaturated MA powders with the bodycenteredcubic (BCC) structure are obtained. Then, the MA powders are sintered using the SPS method under the sinteringtemperature range of 1700–1900 °C, and the C atoms and WC introduced by the MA process reacts with the metastable andsupersaturated Ta/Nb phase of the MA powers to form the face-centered cubic (FCC) structure (Nb, Ta)C particles alongthe BCC matrix boundaries during the SPS process. The NbMoTaWRe alloy sintered at 1800 °C consisted of BCC matrixand FCC-type (Nb, Ta)C particles has high compactness (porosity fraction is 0.32%), fracture strength (2630 MPa), plasticstrain (6.82%), and hardness (992 ± 20 HV). These excellent properties of this RHEA are mainly attributed to the combinationof multi-effects, including sintering densification, grain refinement strengthening from the refined sizes (3.80 μm) BCCmatrix, precipitation strengthening from the (Nb, Ta)C particles, solid solution strengthening from multi-principal elementsand interstitial solid solution strengthening from C atoms dissolving into BCC matrix.

Mathematical Model Relating Dynamic Dewatering Process of Fresh Mortar and Its Composition

Tao Ji,Xiaoying Zhang,Xiong Zhang,Yong-juan Zhang,Caiyong Gu,Weihua Li 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.2

The composition and properties of raw materials have significant influences on water retention capacity of mortar, but the basic origin remains unclear. To clarify the movement of water inside mortar and the mechanism of water retention, the dynamic dewatering experiment was designed and the mathematical model describing the dewatering process of mortar was set up in this work. The model proved to be effective according to the results from dynamic dewatering experiment. The study demonstrated that capillary gradual contraction model is suitable for describing early dewatering process of fresh mortar and the parameters in the dewatering equation are relevant to the properties of raw materials, which certify that the model is of physical significance. Moreover, influencing factors such as water properties and binding materials properties were obtained and their relationship with water retention of mortar were discussed theoretically based on capillary gradual contraction model.