Surveillant: a supervision mechanism between blockchains for efficient cross-chain verification

Xinyu Liang,Jing Chen,Ruiying Du,Tianrui Zhao 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.8

Blockchain interoperability, which refers in particular to the ability to access information across blockchain systems, plays the key role for different blockchains to communicate with each other, and further supports the superstructure built on top of the cross-chain mechanism. Nowadays, blockchain interoperability technology is still in its infancy. The existing cross-chain scheme such as BTCRelay requires that the smart contract in a blockchain to download and maintain block headers of the other blockchain, which is costly in maintenance and inefficient to use. In this paper, we propose a supervision mechanism between blockchains, called Surveillant. Specially, the new entities called dual-functional nodes are introduced to commit the real-time information from the blockchain under supervision to the supervising blockchain, which enables users to have efficient cross-chain verification. Furthermore, we introduce Merkle mountain range for blocks aggregation to deal with the large-scale committing data. We propose the design of long orphan branch counter to trace the bifurcations in the blockchain under supervision. The existing incentive mechanism is improved to encourage the behaviors of dual-functional nodes. In Surveillant, the analysis and experimental results demonstrate that users are able to have efficient cross-chain verification with low maintenance overhead.

Negative sequence control for DC voltage balancing in three‑phase cascaded H‑bridge rectifiers considering DC‑port failures

Xinyu Zhu,Xiao Liang,Kaiyue Gong,Xu Peng,Jun Cai,Xiaohan Liu,Chao Zhou,Siqi An,Chao Wu,Pengcheng Han 전력전자학회 2022 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.22 No.12

As a vital component of power electronic transformers (PET), the reliability of a cascaded H-bridge rectifier (CHBR) is essential. Therefore, in this paper, a DC-port voltage balance strategy considering DC-port failure is researched to ensure the stable operation of a CHBR. However, if the DC-port voltage balance strategy is adopted to realize the single-phase balance of a CHBR, the three-phase currents become unbalanced. This paper uses a negative sequence control (NSC) strategy that is conducive to balancing DC-port voltage to achieve three-phase current balance. For the DC-port voltage balance, the matrix generation modulation (MGM) algorithm is proposed. In addition, the DC-port voltage balance boundary is analyzed to determine the range of the DC-port voltage balance in the CHBR. A 3-module cascading topology is adopted to demonstrate the MGM algorithm and the NSC strategy. Through experiments, results show the correctness and feasibility of the proposed strategy.

SIMULATING TIRE INFLATION PRESSURE LOSS RATE TEST BY THE IDEAL MATERIAL METHOD

Chen Liang,Xinyu Zhu,Changda Li,Guolin Wang,Liu Ji 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.4

Tire Inflation Pressure Loss Rate (IPLR) test is a widely accepted test method to evaluate the tire pressure retention performance, which helps increase fuel economy and prevent premature tire failures. At present, an IPLR test usually lasts for several months, which greatly reduces the efficiency of relevant research. Several analytical models are available to estimate the IPLR value, however, it mainly considers the gauge and permeability of innerliner, ignoring the effect of other components and detailed tire structure. In order to perform a thorough study of tire pressure loss process, a finite element model was developed with the material input of both mechanical and permeability properties of various rubber compounds and tire geometry input. A creative method, ideal material method, was proposed to describe the transient pressure loss process. Through this solution, a finite element model of Passenger Car Radial tire is established to predict IPLR, with a difference from the experimental result less than 5 %. Based on the model, air diffusion path in the tire is studied to better understand the process, which explains the bubble location in tire immersion tests. The effect of innerliner parameters, including halobutyl content, gauge and ending length of innerliner, on IPLR has been investigated based on simulation models.

Exploring differentially expressed genes related to metabolism by RNA-Seq in porcine embryonic fibroblast after insulin treatment

Yingjuan Liang,Jinpeng Wang,Xinyu Li,Shuang Wu,Chaoqian Jiang,Yue Wang,Xuechun Li,Zhong-Hua Liu,Yanshuang Mu 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.6

Background: Insulin regulates glucose homeostasis and has important effects on metabolism, cell growth, and differentiation. Depending on the cell type and physiological context, insulin signal has specific pathways and biological outcomes in different tissues and cells. For studying the signal pathway of insulin on glycolipid metabolism in porcine embryonic fibroblast (PEF), we used high-throughput sequencing to monitor gene expression patterns regulated by insulin. Objectives: The goal of our research was to see how insulin affected glucose and lipid metabolism in PEFs. Methods: We cultured the PEFs with the addition of insulin and sampled them at 0, 48, and 72 h for RNA-Seq analysis in triplicate for each time point. Results: At 48 and 72 h, 801 and 1,176 genes were differentially expressed, respectively. Of these, 272 up-regulated genes and 264 down-regulated genes were common to both time points. Gene Ontology analysis was used to annotate the functions of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the biological processes related to lipid metabolism and cell cycle were dominant. And the DEGs were significantly enriched in interleukin-17 signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway, pyruvate metabolism, and others pathways related to lipid metabolism by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. Conclusions: These results elucidate the transcriptomic response to insulin in PEF. The genes and pathways involved in the transcriptome mechanisms provide useful information for further research into the complicated molecular processes of insulin in PEF.

On Narrowband Interference Suppression in OFDM-based Systems with CDMA and Weighted-type Fractional Fourier Transform Domain Preprocessing

( Yuan Liang ),( Xinyu Da ),( Shu Wang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.11

In this paper, we propose a new scheme to suppress the narrowband interference (NBI) in OFDM-based systems. The scheme utilizes code division multiple access (CDMA) and weighted-type fractional Fourier transform (WFRFT) domain preprocessing technologies. Through setting the WFRFT order, the scheme can switch into a single carrier (SC) or a multi-carrier (MC) frequency division multiple access block transmission system. The residual NBI can be eliminated to the maximum extent when the WFRFT order is selected properly. Final simulation results show that the proposed system can outperform MC and SC with CDMA and frequency domain preprocessing in terms of the narrowband interference suppression.

Bird's Eye View Semantic Segmentation based on Improved Transformer for Automatic Annotation

( Tianjiao Liang ),( Weiguo Pan ),( Hong Bao ),( Xinyue Fan ),( Han Li ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2023 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.17 No.8

High-definition (HD) maps can provide precise road information that enables an autonomous driving system to effectively navigate a vehicle. Recent research has focused on leveraging semantic segmentation to achieve automatic annotation of HD maps. However, the existing methods suffer from low recognition accuracy in automatic driving scenarios, leading to inefficient annotation processes. In this paper, we propose a novel semantic segmentation method for automatic HD map annotation. Our approach introduces a new encoder, known as the convolutional transformer hybrid encoder, to enhance the model's feature extraction capabilities. Additionally, we propose a multi-level fusion module that enables the model to aggregate different levels of detail and semantic information. Furthermore, we present a novel decoupled boundary joint decoder to improve the model's ability to handle the boundary between categories. To evaluate our method, we conducted experiments using the Bird's Eye View point cloud images dataset and Cityscapes dataset. Comparative analysis against state-of-the-art methods demonstrates that our model achieves the highest performance. Specifically, our model achieves an mIoU of 56.26%, surpassing the results of SegFormer with an mIoU of 1.47%. This innovative promises to significantly enhance the efficiency of HD map automatic annotation.

Self-organizing Cascade Neural Network Based on Differential Evolution with Better and Nearest Option for System Modeling

Haozhen Dong,Liang Gao,Xinyu Li,Jingyuan Li,Haorang Zhong 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.5

System modeling of engineering problems is an important task, and it’s very difficult because most engineering problems are of great nonlinearity and input variables selection is difficult. Self-organizing cascade neural network (SCNN) is a new network which inserts the hidden unit into network layer by layer, while current training methods are still of low efficiency. In addition, most neural networks’ inputs units should be provided before training and related input units analysis is of great time-cost. In this paper, a new meta-heuristic algorithm, called as differential evolution with better and nearest option (NbDE), is introduced to SCNN training. In NbDE-SCNN, the orthogonal least square method is applied to evaluate the network contribution of candidate hidden unit and input unit, and NbDE is used to find the best hidden units. Four benchmarks, including the Henon chaotic series prediction, a nonlinear dynamic system, a hydraulic system and a nonlinearity impedance control strategy are used to test the performance of NbDE-SCNN. Simulation and experiment results show that the NbDE-SCNN can select proper input units for system modeling and shows better efficiency in system modeling compared with conventional training methods.

Development of Admittance Control Method with Parameter Self-optimization for Hydraulic Series Elastic Actuator

Haoran Zhong,Xinyu Li,Liang Gao,Haozhen Dong 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.7

Series elastic actuators (SEAs) have emerged as promising devices to enhance the safety of human-robot interactions in the manufacturing industry. However, the control of a hydraulic SEA under disturbance remains an unexplored issue. To address this problem, an admittance control method with parameter self-optimization is developed in this study. The hydraulic SEA and its dynamic model are first developed, and then, an admittance controller that combines a passive disturbance observer (DOB) and a feedback compensator is developed based on load movement dynamics. The control law of the framework is made independent of the hydraulic dynamics by considering the uncertainty and tracking error as disturbances. This simplifies the controller computation, enhances system robustness, and facilitates practical application. Next, the control performance is further improved by optimizing the control parameters using an improved crowding-based dynamic population size differential evolution (crowdingbased dynNP-DE) algorithm. Benchmark and optimization experiments are performed to verify the superiority of the modified algorithm and obtain the control parameters. Finally, the optimized parameters are applied to practical experiments to validate the improved performance of the proposed admittance control scheme. The results show that the proposed method effectively reduces the SEA stiffness tracking error, with respect to the external contact force.

Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic PID Controller Based on Differential Evolution with Better and Nearest Option for Hydraulic Serial Elastic Actuator

Haozhen Dong,Xinyu Li,Pi Shen,Liang Gao,Haorang Zhong 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.2

Interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) owns good performance under uncertainty and nonlinearity environments while its optimization is hard and complicated. In this work, we propose an optimization method based on differential evolution with better and nearest option (NbDE) for interval type-2 fuzzy logic PID controller (IT2FL-PID-C) in order to control the position of hydraulic serial elastic actuator (SEA). Firstly, a simplified IT2FLPID-C structure with fewer parameters is proposed to reduce the difficulty of the optimization of IT2FL-PID-C. To balance its frequency and step performance, an objective function with weighted integral time absolute error and integral square error is given. Secondly, to investigate the performance of NbDE based IT2FL-PID-C, three experiments are conducted. A set of experiments is taken to determine the weight for fitness function. Then we compare NbDE with other algorithms. In addition, NbDE-IT2FL-PID-C is also compared with other optimization methods. At last, NbDE-IT2FL-PID-C is applied to hydraulic SEA and compared with PID. And a range for the weight of fitness function is given. The results have shown the superiority of NbDE with proposed fitness function to optimizeIT2FL-PID-C and the superiority of NbDE-IT2FL-PID-C to control the position of hydraulic SEA.

Modified WFRFT-based Transform Domain Communication System Incorporating with Spectrum Mismatching

( Ruiyang Xu ),( Xinyu Da ),( Yuan Liang ),( Hang Hu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.10

The transform domain communication system (Hereinafter referred to as TDCS) takes on numerous advantages, inclusive of anti-jamming and low probability of detection. Yet its application is confined by the consistent spectrum in the transmitter and receiver, which is not possible in the case of a huge distance exsits between them. In this paper, a TDCS based modified weighted fractional fourier transform (WFRFT) is proposed to solve the problem resulting from spectrum mismatching for TDCS application. The amplitude and phase information are incorporated with the TDCS signals and transmit to the receiver together in the wake of a modified WFRFT. The basic function and the TDCS signals shall be accessible to the receivers in the wake of an inverse WFRFT transform, which make sure that the original information can be demodulated properly. The system’s reliability while transmitting signals with different modulation methods and with spectrum mismatching is demonstrated by bit error rate (BER). In the meantime, the constellations of the signals and the BER performances at the eavesdropper demonstrate the proposed system is better secured.