Vibration suppression analysis of a long-span cable-stayed bridge based on earthquake-wind-traffic-bridge coupled system

Xinfeng Yin,Yong Liu,Wanli Yan,Yang Liu,Zhou Huang 국제구조공학회 2023 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.88 No.4

Wind and earthquake loads may cause strong vibrations in large-span cable-stayed bridges, leading to the inability of the bridge to operate normally. An improved Pounding Tuned Mass Damper (PTMD) system was designed to improve the safety of the large-span cable-stayed bridge. The vibration control effect of the improved PTMD system on the large-span cablestayed bridge under the combined action of earthquake-wind-traffic was studied. Furthermore, the impact of different parameters on the vibration suppression performance of the improved PTMD system was analyzed. The numerical results indicate that the PTMD system is very effective in suppressing the displacements of the bridge caused by both the traffic-wind coupling and traffic-earthquake coupling. Moreover, the number, mass ratio, pounding stiffness, and gap values have a significant influence on the vibration suppression performance of the improved PTMD system. When the number of PTMD is increased from 3 to 9, the vibration reduction ratio of the vertical displacement is increased from 25.39% to 48.05%. As the mass ratio changes from 0.5% to 2%, the vibration reduction ratio increases significantly from 22.23% to 53.30%.

Vibration behaviors of a damaged bridge under moving vehicular loads

Xinfeng Yin,Yang Liu,Bo Kong 국제구조공학회 2016 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.58 No.2

A large number of bridges were built several decades ago, and most of which have gradually suffered serious deteriorations or damage due to the increasing traffic loads, environmental effects, and inadequate maintenance. However, very few studies were conducted to investigate the vibration behaviors of a damaged bridge under moving vehicles. In this paper, the vibration behaviors of such vehicle-bridge system are investigated in details, in which the effects of the concrete cracks and bridge surface roughness are particularly considered. Specifically, two vehicle models are introduced, i.e., a simplified four degree-of-freedoms (DOFs) vehicle model and a more complex seven DOFs vehicle model, respectively. The bridges are modeled in two types, including a single-span uniform beam and a full scale reinforced concrete high-pier bridge, respectively. The crack zone in the reinforced concrete bridge is considered by a damage function. The bridge and vehicle coupled equations are established by combining the equations of motion of both the bridge and vehicles using the displacement relationship and interaction force relationship at the contact points between the tires and bridge. The numerical simulations and verifications show that the proposed modeling method can rationally simulate the vibration behaviors of the damaged bridge under moving vehicles; the effect of cracks on the impact factors is very small and can be neglected for the bridge with none roughness, however, the effect of cracks on the impact factors is very significant and cannot be neglected for the bridge with roughness.

Assessment of ride safety based on the wind-traffic-pavement-bridge coupled vibration

Yin, Xinfeng,Liu, Yang,Chen, S.R. Techno-Press 2017 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.24 No.3

In the present study, a new assessment simulation of ride safety based on a new wind-traffic-pavement-bridge coupled vibration system is developed considering stochastic characteristics of traffic flow and bridge surface. Compared to existing simulation models, the new assessment simulation focuses on introducing the more realistic three-dimensional vehicle model, stochastic characteristics of traffic, vehicle accident criteria, and bridge surface conditions. A three-dimensional vehicle model with 24 degrees-of-freedoms (DOFs) is presented. A cellular automaton (CA) model and the surface roughness are introduced. The bridge deck pavement is modeled as a boundless Euler-Bernoulli beam supported on the Kelvin model. The wind-traffic-pavement-bridge coupled equations are established by combining the equations of both the vehicles in traffic, pavement, and bridge using the displacement and interaction force relationship at the patch contact. The numerical simulation shows that the proposed method can simulate rationally useful assessment and prevention information for traffic, and define appropriate safe driving speed limits for vulnerable vehicles under normal traffic and bridge surface conditions.

Vibration Suppression Analysis of a Long-Span Bridge Subjected to Combined Service and Extreme Loads

Xinfeng Yin,Wanli Yan,Qian Liao,Xiang Chen,Yang Liu 한국강구조학회 2023 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.23 No.5

The long-span bridge structures are loaded by service loads including traffic and/or wind loads almost every day. The earthquake load may occur on the bridges simultaneously except for these two common service loads. The vibration response of long-span bridges under earthquake and service loads usually exceeds the expected values. Therefore, the suppressed system should be extensively studied to control the vibration of the bridges. In the work, a pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD) system was designed, which can be effectively used for the dissipation of impact energy. It is mainly made up of a tuned mass and an additional limit device. Based on the earthquake/wind/traffic/bridge coupled system, the numerical simulation of multiple PTMDs (MPTMDs) was carried out. Different parameters of MPTMDs were studied including different numbers, mass ratio, pounding stiffness, and the gap values. The simulations show that the MPTMDs are very effective in suppressing the displacements of the bridge caused by both the traffic flows/wind and traffic/earthquake, and the suppressing effectiveness for bridge vibration under traffic and earthquake is more than that under traffic and wind.

Allowable Slope Change of Approach Slabs Based on the Interacted Vibration with Passing Vehicles

Wangchen Yan,Lu Deng,Xinfeng Yin,Xinfeng Yin 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.6

The slope change of an approach slab can induce a “bumping” effect to passing vehicles, magnify the vehicle impact on the bridge, and accelerate the deterioration of the bridge deck and other components. The allowable slope changes recommended in previous studies, which are usually based on the survey results of ride comfort only, are usually inconsistent. In this study, a three-dimensional vehicle-road-bridge interaction model is developed to study the interaction between passing vehicles and the road and bridge. By fully considering three important aspects, i.e., vehicle’s running safety, vehicle users’ comfort, and the impact on the bridge, an allowable slope change for approach slab is then proposed based on the recommended limits on the three indexes according to relevant codes. The proposed allowable slope change is considered more rational than previously recommended values and could be used as a reference for engineering practice.

Ride comfort of the bridge-traffic-wind coupled system considering bridge surface deterioration

Liu, Yang,Yin, Xinfeng,Deng, Lu,Cai, C.S. Techno-Press 2016 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.23 No.1

In the present study, a new methodology is presented to study the ride comfort and bridge responses of a long-span bridge-traffic-wind coupled vibration system considering stochastic characteristics of traffic flow and bridge surface progressive deterioration. A three-dimensional vehicle model with 24 degrees-of-freedoms (DOFs) including a three-dimensional non-linear suspension seat model and the longitudinal vibration of the vehicle is firstly presented to study the ride comfort. An improved cellular automaton (CA) model considering the influence of the next-nearest neighbor vehicles and a progressive deterioration model for bridge surface roughness are firstly introduced. Based on the equivalent dynamic vehicle model approach, the bridge-traffic-wind coupled equations are established by combining the equations of motion of both the bridge and vehicles in traffic using the displacement relationship and interaction force relationship at the patch contact. The numerical simulations show that the proposed method can simulate rationally the ride comfort and bridge responses of the bridge-traffic-wind coupled system; and the vertical, lateral, and longitudinal vibrations of the driver seat model can affect significantly the driver's comfort, as expected.

Ride comfort of the bridge-traffic-wind coupled system considering bridge surface deterioration

Yang Liu,Xinfeng Yin,Lu Deng,C. S. Cai 한국풍공학회 2016 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.23 No.1

In the present study, a new methodology is presented to study the ride comfort and bridge responses of a long-span bridge-traffic-wind coupled vibration system considering stochastic characteristics of traffic flow and bridge surface progressive deterioration. A three-dimensional vehicle model with 24 degrees-of-freedoms (DOFs) including a three-dimensional non-linear suspension seat model and the longitudinal vibration of the vehicle is firstly presented to study the ride comfort. An improved cellular automaton (CA) model considering the influence of the next-nearest neighbor vehicles and a progressive deterioration model for bridge surface roughness are firstly introduced. Based on the equivalent dynamic vehicle model approach, the bridge-traffic-wind coupled equations are established by combining the equations of motion of both the bridge and vehicles in traffic using the displacement relationship and interaction force relationship at the patch contact. The numerical simulations show that the proposed method can simulate rationally the ride comfort and bridge responses of the bridge-traffic-wind coupled system; and the vertical, lateral, and longitudinal vibrations of the driver seat model can affect significantly the driver`s comfort, as expected.

Impact factors of an old bridge under moving vehicular loads

Liu, Yang,Yin, Xinfeng,Zhang, Jianren,Cai, C.S. Techno-Press 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.46 No.3

This paper presents a new method to study the impact factor of an old bridge based on the model updating technique. Using the genetic algorithm (GA) by minimizing an objective function of the residuals between the measured and predicted responses, the bridge and vehicle coupled vibration models were updated. Based on the displacement relationship and the interaction force relationship at the contact patches, the vehicle-bridge coupled system can be established by combining the equations of motion of both the bridge and vehicles. The simulated results show that the present method can simulate precisely the response of the tested bridge; compared with the other bridge codes, the impact factor specified by the bridge code of AASHTO (LRFD) is the most conservative one, and the value of Chinese highway bridge design code (CHBDC) is the lowest; for the large majority of old bridges whose road surface conditions have deteriorated, calculating the impact factor with the bridge codes cannot ensure the reliable results.

Impact factors of an old bridge under moving vehicular loads

Yang Liu,Xinfeng Yin,Jianren Zhang,C.S. Cai 국제구조공학회 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.46 No.3

This paper presents a new method to study the impact factor of an old bridge based on the model updating technique. Using the genetic algorithm (GA) by minimizing an objective function of the residuals between the measured and predicted responses, the bridge and vehicle coupled vibration models were updated. Based on the displacement relationship and the interaction force relationship at the contact patches, the vehicle-bridge coupled system can be established by combining the equations of motion of both the bridge and vehicles. The simulated results show that the present method can simulate precisely the response of the tested bridge; compared with the other bridge codes, the impact factor specified by the bridge code of AASHTO (LRFD) is the most conservative one, and the value of Chinese highway bridge design code (CHBDC) is the lowest; for the large majority of old bridges whose road surface conditions have deteriorated, calculating the impact factor with the bridge codes cannot ensure the reliable results.