Mycosynthesis, characterization, anticancer and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungus <i>Talaromyces purpureogenus</i>

Hu, Xiaowen,Saravanakumar, Kandasamy,Jin, Tieyan,Wang, Myeong-Hyeon DOVE MEDICAL PRESS 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.14 No.-

<P><B>Background:</B> Biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have wider range of biomedical applications. The present work synthesized Tp-AgNPs using mycelial extract of endophytic fungus <I>Talaromyces purpureogenus</I> (MEEF), characterized, and analyzed for antibacterial, anti-proliferation and cell wounding healing activities.</P><P><B>Methods:</B> The synthesized Tp-AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis (PSA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Further, antibacterial activity was determined by Kirby–Bauer test and anti-proliferation activity was tested in human lung carcinoma A549 by water-soluble tetrazolium and flow cytometer assay. In addition, cell wounding healing activity was determined by scratch assay.</P><P><B>Results:</B> UV-Vis results displayed a strong absorption peak from 390 nm to 420 nm, which indicated the successful synthesis of Tp-AgNPs. FETEM-EDS results indicated the round and triangle shaped Tp-AgNPs with the average size of 25 nm in accordance with PSA. FTIR analysis indicated the involvement of various functional molecules from MEEF in the synthesis of Tp-AgNPs. XRD result proved nature of Tp-AgNPs as a high-quality crystal. The Tp-AgNPs significantly inhibited the growth of bacterial pathogens at the minimal inhibitory concentration of 16.12 μg.mL<SUP>−1</SUP> for Gram<SUP>+</SUP>, and 13.98 μg.mL<SUP>−1</SUP> for Gram<SUP>−</SUP> bacteria. Further, Tp-AgNPs (2 μg.mL<SUP>−1</SUP>) showed a strong anti-proliferation effect in A549. Interestingly, Tp-AgNPs was not cytotoxic to normal NIH3T3 cells. In addition, the NPs exhibited a strong cell wounding healing activity.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B> This work biosynthesized AgNPs with strong antibacterial, anticancer and cell wound healing properties using endophytic fungus <I>T. purpureogenus</I>.</P>

Enhanced cancer therapy with pH-dependent and aptamer functionalized doxorubicin loaded polymeric (poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles

Saravanakumar, Kandasamy,Hu, Xiaowen,Shanmugam, Sabarathinam,Chelliah, Ramachandran,Sekar, Ponarulselvam,Oh, Deog-Hwan,Vijayakumar, Sekar,Kathiresan, Kandasamy,Wang, Myeong-Hyeon Elsevier 2019 Archives of biochemistry and biophysics Vol.671 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Aptamer based drug delivery systems are gaining the importance in anticancer therapy due to their targeted drug delivery efficiency without harming the normal cells. The present work formulated the pH-dependent aptamer functionalized polymer-based drug delivery system against human lung cancer. The prepared aptamer functionalized doxorubicin (DOX) loaded poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly (<I>N</I>-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) nanoparticles (APT-DOX-PLGA-PVP NPs) were spherical in shape with an average size of 87.168 nm. The crystallography and presence of the PLGA (poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)) and DOX (doxorubicin) in APT-DOX-PLGA-PVP NPs were indicated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR). The pH-dependent aptamer AS1411 based drug release triggered the cancer cell death was evidenced by cytotoxicity assay, flow cytometry, and fluorescent microscopic imaging. In addition, the cellular uptake of the DOX was determined and the apoptosis-related signaling pathway in the A549 cells was studied by Western blot analysis. Further, the <I>in vivo</I> study revealed that mice treated with APT-DOX-PLGA-PVP NPs were significantly recovered from cancer as evident by mice weight and tumor size followed by the histopathological study. It was reported that the APT-DOX-PLGA-PVP NPs induced the apoptosis through the activation of the apoptosis-related proteins. Hence, the present study revealed that the APT-DOX-PLGA-PVP NPs improved the therapeutic efficiency through the nucleolin receptor endocytosis targeted drug release.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Aptamer functionalized DOX-loaded PLGA NPs drug delivery system was developed. </LI> <LI> Formulation of the NPs was verified by advanced nanomaterials characterization methods. </LI> <LI> The APT-DOX-PLGA-PVP NPs showed less toxicity to normal cells. </LI> <LI> APT-DOX-PLGA-PVP NPs improved the anticancer efficiency of targeting the nucleolin. </LI> <LI> Dual stimuli pH and nucleolin targeted drug release triggered the cancer cell ablation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

In Vitro Biocidal Actions of <i>Rhus verniciflua</i> Bark Extract Wrapped Gold Nanoballs Against Biofilm-Forming Food-Borne Bacterial Pathogens

Vijayakumar, Sekar,Saravanakumar, Kandasamy,Hu, Xiaowen,Wang, Myeong-Hyeon Plenum Press 2019 Journal of cluster science Vol.30 No.6

<P> The research for innovative antibiofilm drugs is essential due to the increased microbial resistance to antibiotics presently in use. Now a day’s natural products wrapped nano biomaterial play an important role in the field of medicine. The aqueous bark extracts of <I>Rhus verniciflua</I> was used to synthesize gold nanoparticles (Rh-AuNPs) by green method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized (optical property, crystallinity, functional groups, size, shape and purity) by UV-vis spectroscopy (UV), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) with Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). An effective antioxidant activity was observed at 100 μg/ml of Rh AuNPs. The acridine orange, live and dead (PI-SYTO-9) staining assay using confocal laser scanning microscopic, results evidanced that the Rh-AuNPs (100 μg/ml) was effectively inhibited the biofilms of <I>Escherichia coli</I> and <I>Staphylococcus aureus.</I> In addition, Rh-AuNPs also significantly inhibited the cell surface hydrophobicity of both <I>E. coli</I> and <I>S. aureus</I> at 100 μg/ml. This study reports antibacterial potency of Rh-AuNPs and that have significant therapeutic properties. </P>

Single cell gap polymer-stabilized blue-phase transflective LCDs using internal nanowire grid polarizer

Hong-Qing Cui,Zhi-Cheng Ye,Wei Hu,XiaoWen Lin,T.C. Chung,Tean-Sen Jen,Yan-Qing Lu 한국정보디스플레이학회 2011 Journal of information display Vol.12 No.3

Optically isotropic liquid crystal (LC) mixture such as blue-phase LC and nanostructured LC composites exhibit the advantages of fast response time, high contrast ratio and wide-viewing angle due to the induced birefringence along the horizontal electric field. Utilizing this mixture, a novel single cell gap in-plane switching-type polymer-stabilized blue-phase transflective liquid crystal display by embedding the nanowire grid polarizer as a polarization-dependent reflective polarizer in the R region is proposed. This device can be used as a normal black mode without any quarter-wave plate or patterned in-cell phase retarder. Moreover, the transmittance is identical to the reflectance so that it will be suitable for single gamma driving. Detailed electro-optic performances, such as voltage-dependent light efficiency and viewing angle of the proposed device configuration, are investigated.

Enhanced Antibacterial Effect of Polypyrazole-Graphene Oxide Composite

Bin Yang,Yufei Wang,Longqiang Xiao,Xiaowen Hu,Guofu Zhou 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.1

Besides excellent physical performances, graphene oxide (GO) has been widely acknowledged as a potential antibacterial material. Chemical modification of GO was taken out with polypyrazole by facile amidation in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and then generated polypyrazole-graphene oxide (FGO) nanohybrid. FGO nanohybrid showed smooth and multilayer structures by scanning electron microscopy. The value of static water contact angle of FGO is 103o, suggesting FGO was a hydrophobic material. Thermo gravimetric analysis of FGO showed a 65% mass loss up 50 to 600 oC, suggesting that FGO is a thermal stability material. Inactivation efficiency test of nominal Escherichia coli cells showed that the viability greatly decreased to 7% after 4 h incubation with FGO under 37 oC, indicating an outstanding antibacterial ability of FGO much better than that of polypyrazole and GO.