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Soil moisture retrieval in farmland using C-band SAR and optical data
Xin Zhao,Ni Huang,Zheng Niu,Venkatesh Raghavan,Xianfeng Song 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.3
Soil moisture retrieval in vegetation-covered area with space borne synthetic aperture radar is a challenging process due to the impact of vegetation on the multiple scattering of electromagnetic wave. In this paper, a semi-empirical method is proposed to estimate farmland soil moisture by active microwave remote sensing and optical remote sensing. By integrating the vegetation water content estimated from optical data and thermal infrared data into a coupling model based on a water–cloud model, the influence of vegetation on microwave backscattering coefficient was eliminated and thus soil moisture in vegetation-covered area was accurately retrieved. The experiment of soil moisture retrieval was carried out using Radarsat-2 and Landsat 8 datasets in western Great Khingan Mountains, Inner Mongolia, China. The research showed that the accuracy of the coupling model is high and the R2 is up to 0.69 using HH polarization. Moreover, the effects of crop types on soil moisture retrieval, particularly barley, could also be distinguished using the coupling model.
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Zhiqian Pang,Zhuangzhi Zhou,Dedong Yin,Qiming Lv,Lixiang Wang,Xiao Xu,Jing Wang,Xiaobing Li,Xianfeng Zhao,Guanghuai Jiang,Jinping Lan,Lihuang Zhu,Songnian Hu,Guozhen Liu 한국식물학회 2013 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.56 No.6
Plant Bowman-Birk type bran trypsin inhibitors(BBTI) belong to a family of serine protease inhibitors thatinhibit trypsin activity and play roles in plant developmentand defense responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Inthis study, transgenic rice plants overexpressing BBTI4 (OXBBTI4)were generated. Reverse-transcription polymerasechain reaction and western blot (WB) analysis demonstratedthat the BBTI4 mRNA and protein levels were significantlyincreased in OX-BBTI4. Notably, two BBTI4 protein formswith different molecular weight (18 kD and 28 kD) wererevealed by WB analysis. In non-transgenic plants, BBTI4-28kD and BBTI4-18kD were mainly expressed in roots andleaves, respectively, while in transgenic OX-BBTI4 plants,both protein forms were expressed constitutively. Subcellularanalysis revealed that BBTI4 is localized in the cytosol. Moreover, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) inoculationexperiments demonstrated that transgenic OX-BBTI4 riceplants conferred partial but broad-spectrum Xoo resistance. InOX-BBTI4 transgenic rice plants, the expression of OsPR3 andOsPR10a proteins was induced and gradually increased afterXoo infection, while the expression of OsPR1a, OsPR1b andOsPR-pha remained unchanged. Taken together, these resultssuggest that BBTI4 may play a role in rice resistance to Xoo,and OsPR3 and OsPR10a may be involved in the OX-BBTI4-dependent partial Xoo resistance response.
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