Can Faith and Spirituality Promote Healing and Post-Traumatic Growth in the Aftermath of Trauma? What We Can Learn from Cambodian Trauma Survivors and Those Who Support Them

Zoe Wyatt,K. Morgan Welton 한국종교사회학회 2022 종교와사회 Vol.10 No.2

Although precise numbers are difficult to estimate, close to 1 billion children under the age of 18 experience trauma every year. Many of these children will go on to thrive despite their lived experiences of trauma, whereas some will not. Thriving in the aftermath of trauma has been defined by some researchers as Post-Traumatic Growth. This article will explore Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG) in a Cambodian context, with trauma survivors who have been supported by Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) and looking specifically at faith and spirituality, which are recognised within a PTG framework. This article will present some of the findings stemming from a wider piece of research conducted in Cambodia, seeking to understand resilience in the aftermath of trauma (Wyatt, 2021). The data captured in this research contains the perspective of 26 young Cambodian trauma survivors. These adult participants (aged 18-30) not only survived significant trauma in their early childhood but appeared to do remarkably well in life. This research set out to understand what role, if any, faith did play in building the resilience for these individuals. Furthermore, this article presents the perspectives of NGOs and the people who support trauma survivors in Cambodia and what they can add to the PTG narrative. Specifically, this article will explore how individual coping methods such as social resources, faith and spiritual practices, culture and community can facilitate positive adaptation and PTG for these young trauma survivors.

Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier Modification of Arrestin-3 Regulates Receptor Trafficking

Wyatt, D.,Malik, R.,Vesecky, A.C.,Marchese, A. The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecula 2011 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.286 No.5

2D transition metal carbides (MXenes) in metal and ceramic matrix composites

Wyatt Brian C.,Nemani Srinivasa Kartik,Anasori Babak 나노기술연구협의회 2021 Nano Convergence Vol.8 No.16

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (known as MXenes) have evolved as competitive materials and fillers for developing composites and hybrids for applications ranging from catalysis, energy storage, selective ion filtration, electromagnetic wave attenuation, and electronic/piezoelectric behavior. MXenes’ incorporation into metal matrix and ceramic matrix composites is a growing field with significant potential due to their impressive mechanical, electrical, and chemical behavior. With about 50 synthesized MXene compositions, the degree of control over their composition and structure paired with their high-temperature stability is unique in the field of 2D materials. As a result, MXenes offer a new avenue for application driven design of functional and structural composites with tailorable mechanical, electrical, and thermochemical properties. In this article, we review recent developments for use of MXenes in metal and ceramic composites and provide an outlook for future research in this field.

Special Theme #2

조슬린 와이어트(Jocelyn WYATT),제니퍼 레오나드(Jennifer LEONARD) 한국디자인산업연구센터 2010 Asia design journal Vol.5 No.-

Defining a “Safe System of Work”

Caponecchia C.,Wyatt A. 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2021 Safety and health at work Vol.12 No.4

Providing a “safe system of work” is the essence of the general duties that employers have to their employees under workplace health and safety regulations. Despite this, consistent and appropriate definition of what constitutes a safe system of work is almost non-existent. Available definitions tend to confuse a safe system of work with management practices intended to bring about a safe system, or conflate the broad system suggested in general duties clauses with procedures or work methods that are focused on particular hazards or tasks. This article develops a definition of safe systems of work which recognises the broad scope of the concept and includes psychological health and return to work processes. This definition can be used by a range of stakeholders to better communicate the scope of occupational health and safety duties and more consistently assess whether a safe system has been provided both before and after incidents occur.

The Use of Price Elasticity to Estimate Future Volatilities in Stochastic Simulation: an Application to the Korean Rice Market

순병민,Patrick Westhoff,한석호,Wyatt Thompson 한국농촌경제연구원 2019 농촌경제 Vol.42 No.S

Stochastic methods, which random draws on selected exogenous variables of an economic model, generate outcomes for the endogenous variables, are used to capture enough potential outcomes. This stochastic output should reflect historical data in terms of variable levels and variation. Two methods to match historical variation are explored: 1) increasing the variance of error terms of either supply or demand equations causes higher variance in simulated price and quantity, and 2) more elastic demand decreases price variation and increases production variation. A Korean rice market model is used for this stochastic simulation process to test these ideas. The results imply that the elasticities can be used to fit or calibrate model variation to historical variation. The model adjusted by price elasticity provides the possible range of the Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS). The result shows that there is no possibility of exceeding the total AMS. Our work begins to consider how to improve model performance relating variation, not just levels, thus enabling applied economists using this approach to speak more directly to concerns about market risk and uncertainty.

Exercise induced Right Ventricular Fibrosis is Associated with Myocardial Damage and Inflammation

Zhijian Rao,Shiqiang Wang,Wyatt Paul Bunner,Yun Chang,Rengfei Shi 대한심장학회 2018 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.48 No.11

Background and Objectives: Intense exercise (IE) induced myocardial fibrosis (MF) showed contradictory findings in human studies, making the relationship between IE and the development of MF unclear. This study aims to demonstrate exercise induced MF is associated with cardiac damage, and inflammation is essential to the development of exercise induced MF. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were submitted to daily 60-minutes treadmill exercise sessions at vigorous or moderate intensity, with 8-, 12-, and 16-week durations; time-matched sedentary rats served as controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration. After completion of the exercise protocol rats were euthanized. Biventricular morphology, ultrastructure, and collagen deposition were then examined. Protein expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 was evaluated in both ventricles. Results: After IE, right but not left ventricle (LV) MF occurred. Serum cTnI levels increased and right ventricular damage was observed at the ultrastructure level in rats that were subjected to long-term IE. Leukocyte infiltration into the right ventricle (RV) rather than LV was observed after long-term IE. Long-term IE also increased protein expression of pro-inflammation factors including IL-1β and MCP-1 in the RV. Conclusions: Right ventricular damage induced by long-term IE is pathological and the following inflammatory response is essential to the development of exercise induced MF.

Cement Augmentation of Vertebral Compression Fractures May Be Safely Considered in the Very Elderly

Anoop R. Galivanche,Courtney Toombs,Murillo Adrados,Wyatt B. David,Rohil Malpani,Comron Saifi,Peter G. Whang,Jonathan N. Grauer,Arya G. Varthi 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1

Objective: The objective of the current study was to perform a retrospective review of a national database to assess the safety of cement augmentation for vertebral compression fractures in geriatric populations in varying age categories. Methods: The 2005–2016 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program databases were queried to identify patients undergoing kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty in the following age categories: 60–69, 70–79, 80–89, and 90+ years old. Demographic variables, comorbidity status, procedure type, provider specialty, inpatient/outpatient status, number of procedure levels, and periprocedure complications were compared between age categories using chi-square analysis. Multivariate logistic regressions controlling for patient and procedural variables were then performed to assess the relative periprocedure risks of adverse outcomes of patients in the different age categories relative to those who were 60–69 years old. Results: For the 60–69, 70–79, 80–89, and 90+ years old cohorts, 486, 822, 937, and 215 patients were identified, respectively. After controlling for patient and procedural variables, 30-day any adverse events, serious adverse events, reoperation, readmission, and mortality were not different for the respective age categories. Cases in the 80- to 89-year-old cohort were at increased risk of minor adverse events compared to cases in the 60- to 69-year-old cohort. Conclusion: As the population ages, cement augmentation is being considered as a treatment for vertebral compression fractures in increasingly older patients. These results suggest that even the very elderly may be appropriately considered for these procedures (level of evidence: 3).

A review of tropical cyclone wind field models

Wills, J.A.B.,Lee, B.E.,Wyatt, T.A. Techno-Press 2000 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.3 No.2

Engineered structures such as buildings and bridges in certain regions of the world need to be designed to withstand tropical cyclone winds, otherwise known as typhoons or hurricanes. In order to carry out this design, it is necessary to be able to estimate the maximum wind speeds likely to be encountered by the structure over its expected lifetime, say 100 years. Estimation of the maximum wind involves not only the overall strength of the tropical cyclone, but the variation of wind speed with radius from the centre, circumferential position, and with height above the ground surface. In addition, not only the mean wind speed, but also the gust factor must usually be estimated as well. This paper investigates a number of recent mathematical models of tropical cyclone structure and comments on their suitability for these purposes in a variety of scenarios.

Effects of Expander Processing and Enzyme Supplementation of Wheat-based Diets for Finishing Pigs

Park, J.S.,Kim, I.H.,Hancock, J.D.,Wyatt, C.L.,Behnke, K.C.,Kennedy, G.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.2

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of expander processing and enzyme supplementation of wheat-based diets on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs. For Exp. 1, 60 finishing pigs (average initial BW of 49.5 kg) were fed meal, standard pellets and expanded pellets in a 70 d growth assay. From 49.5 to 79.0 kg, 79.0 to 111.8 kg, and overall (49.5 to 111.8 kg), ADG and ADFI were not affected by pelleting or standard vs expander conditioning (p>0.22). However, from 49.5 to 79.0 kg, pigs fed pellets have greater gain/feed than pigs fed mash (p<0.04), and pigs fed expanded pellets tended to have greater (p<0.10) gain/feed than pigs fed standard pellets. Overall (i.e. from 49.5 to 111.8 kg), gain/feed (p<0.02) and apparent fecal digestibilities of DM (p<0.001) and N (p<0.02) were improved by pelleting the diets. Also, expander processing further improved gain/feed (p<0.06) and digestibility of DM (p<0.04) compared to standard steam conditioning. Scores for keratinization (p<0.002) and ulceration (p<0.003) of the stomach were increased by pelleting, but the mean scores for the various treatments ranged only from 0.05 to 1.08 (i.e., low to mild keratosis and ulceration). For Exp. 2, 80 pigs (average initial BW of 54.1 kg) were fed mash and pellets (standard or expander) without and with xylanase. The enzyme was added to supply 4,000 units of xylanase activity/kg of diet. Adding xylanase to the mash diet improved gain/feed from 90.7 to 115.9 kg (p<0.04) of the growth assay and digestibility of DM (p<0.05) on d 39. However, in pelleted diets, adding the enzyme did not improve growth performance or digestibility of nutrients. Pelleting tended to increase scores for ulceration (p<0.06), and enzyme supplementation decreased stomach keratinization scores for pigs fed the standard pellets (p<0.01). However, as in Exp. 1, the mean scores for all treatment groups were quiet low (i.e., ranging from normal to mild). In conclusion, pelleting improved efficiency of growth, but additional benefits from expander conditioning were observed only in Exp. 1. Finally, xylanase tended to improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility, only in pigs fed mash diets but not in pigs fed pellets.