Robust design on the arrangement of a sail and control planes for improvement of underwater Vehicle's maneuverability

Wu, Sheng-Ju,Lin, Chun-Cheng,Liu, Tsung-Lung,Su, I-Hsuan The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2020 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study is to discuss how to improve the maneuverability of lifting and diving for underwater vehicle's vertical motion. Therefore, to solve these problems, applied the 3-D numerical simulation, Taguchi's Design of Experiment (DOE), and intelligent parameter design methods, etc. We planned four steps as follows: firstly, we applied the 2-D flow simulation with NACA series, and then through the Taguchi's dynamic method to analyze the sensitivity (β). Secondly, take the data of pitching torque and total resistance from the Taguchi orthogonal array (L9), the ignal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and analysis each factorial contribution by ANOVA. Thirdly, used Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) method to train the non-linear meta-modeling and found out the best factorial combination by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Weighted Percentage Reduction of Quality Loss (WPRQL). Finally, the application of the above methods gives the global optimum for multi-quality characteristics and the robust design configuration, including L/D is 9.4:1, the foreplane on the hull (Bow-2), and position of the sail is 0.25 Ls from the bow. The result shows that the total quality is improved by 86.03% in comparison with the original design.

Robust design on the arrangement of a sail and control planes for improvement of underwater Vehicle's maneuverability

Wu, Sheng-Ju,Lin, Chun-Cheng,Liu, Tsung-Lung,Su, I-Hsuan The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2020 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study is to discuss how to improve the maneuverability of lifting and diving for underwater vehicle's vertical motion. Therefore, to solve these problems, applied the 3-D numerical simulation, Taguchi's Design of Experiment (DOE), and intelligent parameter design methods, etc. We planned four steps as follows: firstly, we applied the 2-D flow simulation with NACA series, and then through the Taguchi's dynamic method to analyze the sensitivity (β). Secondly, take the data of pitching torque and total resistance from the Taguchi orthogonal array (L9), the ignal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and analysis each factorial contribution by ANOVA. Thirdly, used Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) method to train the non-linear meta-modeling and found out the best factorial combination by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Weighted Percentage Reduction of Quality Loss (WPRQL). Finally, the application of the above methods gives the global optimum for multi-quality characteristics and the robust design configuration, including L/D is 9.4:1, the foreplane on the hull (Bow-2), and position of the sail is 0.25 Ls from the bow. The result shows that the total quality is improved by 86.03% in comparison with the original design.

Efficient Production of ε-Poly-L-Lysine by Streptomyces ahygroscopicus Using One-Stage pH Control Fed-Batch Fermentation Coupled with Nutrient Feeding

( Sheng Rong Liu ),( Qing Ping Wu ),( Ju Mei Zhang ),( Shu Ping Mo ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.3

ε-Poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) is a homopolymer of L-lysine molecules connected between the epsilon amino and alpha carboxyl groups. This polymer is currently used as a natural preservative in food. Insufficient biomass is a major problem in ε-PL fermentation. Here, to improve cell growth and ε-PL productivity, various nitrogen-rich nutrients were supplemented into flask cultures after 16 h cultivation, marking the onset of ε-PL biosynthesis. Yeast extract, soybean powder, corn powder, and beef extract significantly improved cell growth. In terms of ε-PL productivity, yeast extract at 0.5% (w/v) gave the maximum yield (2.24 g/l), 115.4% higher than the control (1.04 g/l), followed by soybean powder (1.86 g/l) at 1% (w/v) and corn powder (1.72 g/l) at 1% (w/v). However, supplementation with beef extract inhibited ε-PL production. The optimal time for supplementation for all nutrients examined was at 16 h cultivation. The kinetics of yeast-extract-supplemented cultures showed enhanced cell growth and production duration. Thus, the most commonly used two-stage pH control fed-batch fermentation method was modified by omitting the pH 5.0-controlled period, and coupling the procedure with nutrient feeding in the pH 3.9-controlled phase. Using this process, by continuously feeding 0.5 g/h of yeast extract, soybean powder, or corn powder into cultures in a 30 L fermenter, the final ε-PL titer reached 28.2 g/l, 23.7 g/l, and 21.4 g/l, respectively, 91.8%, 61.2%, and 45.6% higher than that of the control (14.7 g/l). This describes a promising option for the mass production of ε-PL.

Molecular cloning and characterization of porcine ribosomal protein L21

Sun, Wu-Sheng,Chun, Ju-Lan,Kim, Dong-Hwan,Ahn, Jin-Seop,Kim, Min-Kyu,Hwang, In-Sul,Kwon, Dae-Jin,Hwang, Seongsoo,Lee, Jeong-Woong The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2017 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.18 No.4

<P>Ribosomal protein L21 (RPL21) is a structural component of the 60S subunit of the eukaryotic ribosome. This protein has an important role in protein synthesis and the occurrence of hereditary diseases. Pig is a common laboratory model, however, to the best of our knowledge, its <I>RPL21</I> gene has not been cloned to date. In this study, we cloned and identified the full-length sequence of the pig <I>RPL21</I> gene for the first time. In addition, we examined its expression pattern and function by using overexpression or knockdown approaches. As a result, we obtained a 604 bp segment that contains a 483 bp open reading frame encoding 160 amino acids. The pig <I>RPL21</I> gene is located in the “+” strand of chromosome 11, which spans 2167 bp from 4199792 to 4201958. Pig <I>RPL21</I> protein has nine strands and two helices in its secondary structure. Pig <I>RPL21</I> is predominantly expressed in ovary and lung, at lower levels in kidney, small intestine, and skin, and at the lowest levels in heart and liver. Furthermore, <I>RPL21</I> expression is closely connected with cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest. The results are intended to provide useful information for the further study of pig <I>RPL21</I>.</P>

Enhanced ε-Poly-L-lysine Production from Streptomyces ahygroscopicus by a Combination of Cell Immobilization and In Situ Adsorption

( Liu Sheng Rong ),( Qing Ping Wu ),( Ju Mei Zhang ),( Shu Ping Mo ),( Xiao Juan Yang ),( Chun Xiao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.9

ε-Poly-L-lysine (ε-PL), produced by Streptomyces or Kitasatospora strains, is a homo-poly-amino acid of Llysine, which is used as a safe food preservative. The present study investigates the combined use of cell immobilization and in situ adsorption (ISA) to produce ε-PL in shaken flasks. Loofah sponge-immobilized Streptomyces ahygroscopicus GIM8 produced slightly more ε-PL than those immobilized on synthetic sponge, and sugarcane bagasse. Moreover, loofah sponge supported the maximum biomass. Hence, loofah sponge was chosen for cell immobilization. Meanwhile, the ion-exchange resin D152 was employed for ISA. The loofah sponge-immobilized cells produced 0.54 ± 0.1 g/l ε-PL, which significantly increased to 3.64 ± 0.32 g/l after combining with ISA through the addition of resin bags. The free cells with ISA using the dispersed resin yielded 2.73 ± 0.26 g/l of ε-PL, an increase from 0.82 ± 0.08 g/l. These data illustrate that the proposed combination method improved production most significantly compared with either immobilization or ISA only. Moreover, the immobilized cells could be repeatedly used and an ε-PL total amount of 8.05 ± 0.84 g/l was obtained. The proposed combination method offers promising perspectives for ε-PL production.

Construction of a Dual-Fluorescence Reporter System to Monitor the Dynamic Progression of Pluripotent Cell Differentiation

Sun, Wu-Sheng,Chun, Ju-Lan,Do, Jeong-Tae,Kim, Dong-Hwan,Ahn, Jin-Seop,Kim, Min-Kyu,Hwang, In-Sul,Kwon, Dae-Jin,Hwang, Seong-Soo,Lee, Jeong-Woong Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Stem cells international Vol.2016 No.-

<P>Oct4 is a crucial germ line-specific transcription factor expressed in different pluripotent cells and downregulated in the process of differentiation. There are two conserved enhancers, called the distal enhancer (DE) and proximal enhancer (PE), in the 5′ upstream regulatory sequences (URSs) of the mouse<I> Oct4</I> gene, which were demonstrated to control<I> Oct4</I> expression independently in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). We analyzed the URSs of the pig<I> Oct4</I> and identified two similar enhancers that were highly consistent with the mouse DE and PE. A dual-fluorescence reporter was later constructed by combining a DE-free-<I>Oct4</I>-promoter-driven EGFP reporter cassette with a PE-free-<I>Oct4</I>-promoter-driven mCherry reporter cassette. Then, it was tested in a mouse ESC-like cell line (F9) and a mouse EpiSC-like cell line (P19) before it is formally used for pig. As a result, a higher red fluorescence was observed in F9 cells, while green fluorescence was primarily detected in P19 cells. This fluorescence expression pattern in the two cell lines was consistent with that in the early naïve pluripotent state and late primed pluripotent state during differentiation of mouse ESCs. Hence, this reporter system will be a convenient tool for screening out ESC-like naïve pluripotent stem cells from other metastable state cells in a heterogenous population.</P>

Sex Differences in Early and Late Recurrence after Liver Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (A Multicenter Study from China)

( Jiong-jie Yu ),( Ju-dong Li ),( Xin-fei Xu ),( Zhen-li Li ),( Jun Han ),( Hao Xing ),( Han Wu ),( Jian-hong Zhong ),( Yi-sheng Huang ),( Ya- Hao Zhou ),( Ting-hao Chen ),( Hong Wang ),( Wei-min Gu ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: There is a striking sex difference in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a strong predominance for males. However, the impact of sex on the incidence of recurrence after curative resection of HCC remains controversial. Herein, we assess sex differences in the risks of recurrence and mortality for patients undergone curative resection of HCC. Methods: Data from 1,435 HCC patients undergone curative resection (1,228 males and 207 females) between 2004 and 2014 at five institutions in China were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ baseline characteristics, operative variables, and rates of early recurrence (≤ 2 years after resection), late recurrence (> 2 years) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) were evaluated and compared. Multivariable competing-risks regression analyses were performed to identify predictors associated with CSM, early and late recurrence. Results: The early recurrence rates between males and females were similar (43.3% vs. 42.0%, P=0.728), but the late recurrence and CSM rates in males were higher when compared to females (17.2% vs. 11.2%, P=0.044; 42.8% vs. 34.3%, P=0.022). Multivariable competing-risks regression analyses revealed no sex difference in early recurrence; however, males had significantly higher late recurrence rate [hazard ratio (HR), 1.752; 95% CI, 1.145-2.682; P=0.010] and CSM rate (HR, 1.307; 95% CI, 1.015-1.683; P=0.038) than females. Conclusions: Males had significantly higher late recurrence and CSM rates after curative resection of HCC than females. This suggests postoperative surveillance for HCC recurrence be varied by sex, especially for patients without recurrence at 2 years after resection.

Classification and fatty acid composition analysis of Cronobacter spp. isolated from powdered infant formula in China

Xiaojuan Yang,Qing-Ping Wu,Ju-Mei Zhang,Weipeng Guo,Shuping Mo,Sheng-Rong Liu 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

This study aimed to classify a collection of Enterobacter sakazakii (E. sakazakii) strainspreviously identified from powdered infant formula (PIF) to species level by recN gene sequencing andbiochemical testing to determine the distribution of Cronobacter species in China and investigate thestrain diversity by cellular fatty acid (CFA) analysis. Of 24 E. sakazakii isolates, 23 were identified as C. sakazakii and one was C. malonaticus. The 23 C. sakazakii isolates showed the same CFA profiles. TheC. malonaticus isolate was discriminated from the C. sakazakii isolates by the significant difference inthe amounts of C12:0, C14:0, and C17:0 cyclo acids. These results showed that C. sakazakii and C. malonaticuswere the common Cronobacter species distributed in PIF in China and that the isolates of the twospecies exhibited different CFA profiles. These findings are of value for epidemiological investigationsand provide an alternative method for confirming various Cronobacter spp.

Construction of the Operating Limits Diagram for a Ship-Based Helicopter Using the Design of Experiments with Computational Intelligence Techniques

Lin Hsin-Hung,Wu Sheng-Ju,Liu Tsung-Lung,Pan Kuan-Cheng 한국항공우주학회 2021 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.22 No.1

Compared with land-based helicopters, ship-based helicopters are required to land in a more challenging working environment as the airwakes generated by the wind field flowing through the superstructure of the ship changes the wind field structure. This complicates the wind field structure and affects the safety of flight control. The flight safety of the helicopter pilot can be significantly improved with prior understanding of the relevant information in the ship-based helicopter operating limits (SHOL) diagram. In previous studies, the SHOL diagram of ship-based helicopters has been obtained using numerical simulations in conjunction with a flight simulator. However, the flight simulator equipment is expensive and difficult to maintain. This study references the aforementioned studies by initially employing a numerical simulation method to obtain the flow field information of the interaction between the airwakes of the ship’s superstructure and the downwash flow of the helicopter. Then, the flight simulator is replaced by computational intelligence methods involving artificial intelligence. This significantly reduces the research cost for envelope construction. This study integrates design of experiments (DOE) and computational intelligence techniques (soft computing) to establish a recommended range for the SHOL diagram of ship-based helicopters. This study utilizes the DOE and computational intelligence techniques to construct the SHOL diagram of ship-based helicopters, provide suggestions, and serve as a reference for helicopter pilots and engineering designers to improve the safety during flight.

Risk Factors, Patterns, and Outcomes of Late Recurrence after Liver Resection for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Analysis of a Multicenter Cohort over 15 Years)

( Xin-fei Xu ),( Jiong-jie Yu ),( Ju-dong Li ),( Hao Xing ),( Jun Han ),( Zhen-li Li ),( Han Wu ),( Han Zhang ),( Jian-hong Zhong ),( Yi- Sheng Huang ),( Ya-hao Zhou ),( Ting-hao Chen ),( Hong Wang ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Late recurrence (> 2 years) after liver resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is usually considered as multi-centric tumors or de novo cancer formation. We aimed to investigate risk factors, patterns and outcomes of late recurrence after HCC resection. Methods: From a multicenter database from 2001 to 2015, 734 patients who were alive and recurrence-free at 2 years after curative resection of initial HCC were enrolled into this retrospective study. Univariate and multivariate Cox-regression analysis were used to identify independent risk factors of late recurrence. Patterns, treatments and outcomes of late recurrence were investigated and analyzed. Results: During a median follow-up of 78.0 months after surgery, 303 patients (41.3%) developed late recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that cirrhosis, macroscopic vascular invasion, satellites, and tumor size > 5cm were independent risk factors of late recurrence. Among them, 273 (90.1%) were sole intrahepatic recurrence, 30 (9.9%) were concurrent intrahepatic and extrahepatic recurrence, and none of them was sole extrahepatic recurrence; 165 (54.4%) patients received curative treatments for recurrent HCC, including re-resection, transplantation and local ablation. Multivariate analysis showed regular postoperative surveillance and receiving curative treatments were two independent protective factors of prolonging survival for those patients with late recurrence. Conclusions: Late recurrence is correlated with cirrhosis and certain tumor-related characteristics of initial HCC. The patterns of late recurrence suggest that postoperative surveillance after 2 years of surgery could be adjusted and more targeted. Regular postoperative surveillance improves the probability to receive curative treatments again, yielding to better outcomes for patients with late recurrence.