The BAR Spirit and the Touré-Gemeinshaft of Korean Rural Society

Wookyung, Kim 경희대학교 인류사회재건연구원 1988 OUGHTOPIA Vol.12 No.1

Reclassification of Non-alternating Locative Verbs in English

Wookyung Park 서울대학교 언어교육원 2018 語學硏究 Vol.54 No.1

This study investigates non-alternating locative verbs in English, and reclassifies them on the basis of two English corpora—COCA and GloWbE—which were chosen because of their interface design, database design, and architecture. Considering that Pinker’s classification was presented in 1989 but was based on the English used before 1989, the data from COCA (1990-2012) suits this research purpose better as it is being used to contrast. GloWbE was released in 2013 and contains data for 2012-2013. The corpus is a good platform to access authentic language sources currently in global use. The following questions are explored in this research: (1) Have the non-alternating locative verbs been used in previous classifications (Pinker, 1989; Levin, 1993)? (2) What type of verbs and how many verbs change their classes? (3) Is it possible to present a revised classification of locative verbs in English? This study showed that 10 verbs changed their classes, from the ground-only to the alternating verb class. Based on these results, a revised classification of non-alternating locative verbs was created.

A Study on the Export Strategy of Organic Food Industry to China : Focus on Counterstrategy against Non-Tariff Measures

Wookyung Jung,Taein Kim 한국무역금융보험학회(구 한국무역보험학회) 2020 무역금융보험연구 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구는 국진출에 따른 유기농 식품 산업의 비관세조치 대응전략을 제안하였다. 우선, 선행 연구와 중국의 비관세조치를 살펴본 후, 실제 유기농 식품 업체의 사례연구를 통하여 비관세 조치의 경제적 효과를 도출하였으며, 그 결과로 다섯 가지 대응전략을 제안하였다. 첫째, 코로 나 19 이후 소비 트렌드 대응방안이다. 둘째, 중국 식품안전 규정 강화에 따른 대응방안이다. 셋째, 무역보험공사의 농수산물 수출보험을 활용하는 방안이다. 넷째, 정부지원사업 활용 및 동종 업계 협업을 통한 중국진출이다. 다섯째, 수출원가 관리 수행전략이다. 더불어 정부차원 의 중국 비관세조치 극복을 위해 통관부분의 AEO MRA 제도 확산 및 지원과 유기농 인증제도 관련 한중 MOU 체결 확대 그리고 국내 인허가 제도 및 기술조건 국제표준화를 제안하였다. 결과적으로 수출기업은 중국의 소비트렌드와 식품안전규정을 모니터링하고 정부지원사업을 활용해야 한다. 또한 비관세조치 비용은 수출횟수와 수출량에 따라 감소하기 때문에, 수출원 가 관리가 매우 중요하다. Purpose : The purpose of this study is to suggest strategies and solutions for entering China in the non-tariff sectors of the organic food industry. Research design, data, methodology : This study analyzed the literature review and non-tariff measures of organic food in China, and analyzed the export cost by actually interviewing the exporting companies to derive the economic effect of non-tariff measures. Results : First, it is a counterstrategy against consumption trends after COVID-19. Second, it is a counterstrategy by strengthening food safety regulations in China. Third, it is a strategy to utilize the export insurance of agricultural and marine products by the Korea Trade Insurance Corporation. Fourth, it is to enter China through the use of government-funded projects and collaboration with the food industry. Fifth, it is a strategy to implement export cost management. In addition, in order to overcome the non-tariff measures at the government level, we proposed to expand and support the AEO MRA system in the customs sector, expand the MOU between Korea and China regarding the organic certification system, and propose international standardization of domestic licensing systems and technical conditions. Conclusions : As a result, export companies must monitor consumption trends and food safety regulations in China and utilize government-funded projects. In addition, since the cost of non-tariff measures decreases with the number of exports and the amount of exports, export cost management is very important.

Temperature Dependence of Electron Mobility in Uniaxial Strained nMOSFETs

Wookyung Sun,Hyungsoon Shin 대한전자공학회 2014 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.14 No.2

The temperature dependence of strainenhanced electron mobility in nMOSFETs is investigated by using a self-consistent Schrodinger-Poisson solver. The calculated results suggest that vertical compressive stress is more efficient to maintain the strain-enhanced electron mobility than longitudinal tensile stress in high temperature condition.

Substrate Doping Concentration Dependence of Electron Mobility Enhancement in Uniaxial Strained (110)/<110> nMOSFETs

Wookyung Sun,Sujin Choi,Hyungsoon Shin 대한전자공학회 2014 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.14 No.5

The substrate doping concentration dependence of strain-enhanced electron mobility in (110)/<110> nMOSFETs is investigated by using a self-consistent Schrodinger-Poisson solver. The electron mobility model includes Coulomb, phonon, and surface roughness scattering. The calculated results show that, in contrast to (100)/<110> case, the longitudinal tensile strain-induced electron mobility enhancement on the (110)/<110> can be increased at high substrate doping concentration.

An Analysis of the Reclassification of English Locative Verbs and the Change Factors in Language Use

( Wookyung Park ) 21세기영어영문학회 2020 영어영문학21 Vol.33 No.4

This study investigates the reclassification of English locative verbs with the following question: What factors caused the change? Firstly, the patten of the class change is observed in terms of both synchronic and diachronic perspectives, and then possible factors that cause the change are investigated sequentially by examining whether the factors may be operable. In addition, this study observed what factor can work at the base and what factor can be applied extensively. Reclassified verbs have changed their class from Ground-only to alternating verb class, and there is a preference to use most alternating locative verbs in Figure precedent constructions. This study reveals that there are two processes or two levels of processing that affect the syntactic change involved in the use of locative verbs, but they are independent. In one case, semantic change directly affects the structure of locative verbs. In the second case, the cognitive process directly causes the class change. However, this change is not affected by semantic change. Figure Precedence Principle can be an important factor in explaining the change in the use of locative verbs by reflecting on the cognitive process of human brain.

Antimicrobial resistance of infectious pathogens in companion animals

( Wookyung Jung ) 대한인수공통전염병학회 2019 창립총회 및 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2019 No.1

Antimicrobial resistance is a serious global health concern and its rapidly increasing rate is now demanding alternative solutions. In small animal medicine, there is also growing concern on the possible transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacteria from animals to humans. Unlike large animal industry, small animal veterinary clinicians prescribe the same antimicrobials human are prescribed. Moreover, companion animals often come in contact with people especially with their owners. Therefore, robust studies are required on the transmission and the distribution of antimicrobial resistant bacteria among companion animals and humans. Typical routes for the transmission of bacteria from companion animals to humans are multiple, such as bite infections and cat-scratch disease, inhalation (e.g. psittacosis), contact with urine (e.g. leptospirosis), and fecal-oral route (e.g. campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis). Recently, urine has been regarded as one of the major transmission routes of multidrug resistant organisms, since urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common health problems in both dogs and cats. These infections are caused by bacteria, fungi, or parasites that enter the urethra and spread throughout the urinary tract. Most UTI are treated using antibiotics over the course of one to two weeks. Moreover, in cases of recurring UTI, antibiotic therapy may take up to three or four weeks longer. These are the factors that mainly contribute to the current emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in UTI causing pathogens. A retrospective study has been conducted on the prevalence of MDR bacteria isolated from cat and dog in a referral animal hospital. From 2017 to 2019, a total of 76 stray cat, 350 hospital visiting cats and 350 hospital visiting dogs tested and 2027 bacterial strains were isolated. Among bacteria, taphylococcus spp. were the most prevalent with a total of 528 isolations (26 %), followed by Enterococcus spp. (20.1 %), and Enterobacteriaceae (17.4 %). Multidrug resistant E. coli was isolated from the urine of 15.3 %, 31.2 %, 52.6 %, and 81.2 % of the dogs in England, Taiwan, USA, and the present study, respectively [1, 2, 3]. E. coli is a primary causative agent of UTI as well as a normal intestinal flora. For these reasons, E. coli is a possibly powerful antimicrobial resistance reservoir. Strains of E.coli producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBL) have been already isolated from both healthy and infected dogs [4]. Staphylococcus spp. is one of the most prevalent infectious pathogen in dogs and cats. Inparticular, S. pseudintermedius and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the major species found in dogs and cats, in opposition to S. aureus in humans. We found that 91.9 % of the isolates presented resistance to at least one antibiotic, in particular a high resistance to ampicillin (91.4 %), cephalothin (57.1 %), cefotaxime (51.4 %), doxycycline (63.4 %), and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (56.3 %). The methicillin-resistant CoNS (MRCoNS) have special relevance because it is known that MRCoNS show high rates of MDR [5]. Enterococci are also one of the major normal flora that colonize the skin, mucosal membranes, and the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Furthermore, vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) cause life-threatening symptoms in nosocomial infections, such as endocarditis and device-related infections. A 2012 study investigated antimicrobial resistance of enterococcal isolates from companion animals, their owners, people having no companion animals, veterinary clinic staff, and the environment [6]. There was no significant difference between the resistance rates to all antimicrobials between people living with companion animals and those not having pets. However, there was a significant difference between the MDR rates, which were higher in the veterinary clinic staff and the environment than in companion animals and their owners. Accordingly, a guideline about antimicrobial use in animals is needed and an awareness of the concept of hospital acquired infection control should be improved in the veterinary hospital. International small animal treatment guidelines are recommending amoxicillin-clavulanic acid as a first-line drug. The high rate of antimicrobial resistance to these first-line drugs and MDR rates indicate the importance of the appropriate use of antibiotics. Antimicrobial stewardship should be carefully applied in order to reduce treatment failure in infectious diseases in dogs and cats.

Substrate Doping Concentration Dependence of Electron Mobility Enhancement in Uniaxial Strained (110)/<110> nMOSFETs

Sun, Wookyung,Choi, Sujin,Shin, Hyungsoon The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2014 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.14 No.5

The substrate doping concentration dependence of strain-enhanced electron mobility in (110)/<110> nMOSFETs is investigated by using a self-consistent Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger-Poisson solver. The electron mobility model includes Coulomb, phonon, and surface roughness scattering. The calculated results show that, in contrast to (100)/<110> case, the longitudinal tensile strain-induced electron mobility enhancement on the (110)/<110> can be increased at high substrate doping concentration.

Uncovering symmetry-breaking vector and reliability order for assigning secondary structures of proteins from atomic NMR chemical shifts in amino acids.

Yu, Wookyung,Lee, Woonghee,Lee, Weontae,Kim, Suhkmann,Chang, Iksoo Springer 2011 Journal of biomolecular NMR Vol.51 No.4

<P>Unravelling the complex correlation between chemical shifts of (13) C (α),?(13) C (β),?(13) C',?(1) H (α),?(15) N,?(1) H ( N ) atoms in amino acids of proteins from NMR experiment and local structural environments of amino acids facilitates the assignment of secondary structures of proteins. This is an important impetus for both determining the three-dimensional structure and understanding the biological function of proteins. The previous empirical correlation scores which relate chemical shifts of (13) C (α),?(13) C (β),?(13) C',?(1) H (α),?(15) N,?(1) H ( N ) atoms to secondary structures resulted in progresses toward assigning secondary structures of proteins. However, the physical-mathematical framework for these was elusive partly due to both the limited and orthogonal exploration of higher-dimensional chemical shifts of hetero-nucleus and the lack of physical-mathematical understanding underlying those correlation scores. Here we present a simple multi-dimensional hetero-nuclear chemical shift score function (MDHN-CSSF) which captures systematically the salient feature of such complex correlations without any references to a random coil state of proteins. We uncover the symmetry-breaking vector and its reliability order not only for distinguishing different secondary structures of proteins but also for capturing the delicate sensitivity interplayed among chemical shifts of (13) C (α),?(13) C (β),?(13) C',?(1) H (α),?(15) N,?(1) H ( N ) atoms simultaneously, which then provides a straightforward framework toward assigning secondary structures of proteins. MDHN-CSSF could correctly assign secondary structures of training (validating) proteins with the favourable (comparable) Q3 scores in comparison with those from the previous correlation scores. MDHN-CSSF provides a simple and robust strategy for the systematic assignment of secondary structures of proteins and would facilitate the de novo determination of three-dimensional structures of proteins.</P>

가구 전력 사용량의 평균과 표준편차에 따른 단일과 종합계약 방식의 분석

정우경(Wookyung Jung),정범진(Beom Jin Chung),김동식(Dong Sik Kim) 대한전자공학회 2020 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.11