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Xiukun Sui,Ting Xin,Xiaoyu Guo,Hong Jia,Ming Li,Xintao Gao,Jing Wu,Yitong Jiang,L.Willems2,Hongfei Zhu,Shaohua Hou 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.3
Two strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were isolated in 2006 and 2016 and designated as FZ06A and FZ16A, respectively. Inoculation experiments showed that FZ06A caused 100% morbidity and 60% mortality, while FZ16A caused 100% morbidity without death. By using genomic sequence and phylogenetic analyses, close relationships between a Chinese highly pathogenic PRRSV strain and the FZ06A and FZ16A strains were observed. Based on the achieved results, multiple genomic variations in Nsp2, a unique N-glycosylation site (N33→K33), and a K151 amino acid (AA) substitution for virulence in the GP5 of FZ16A were detected; except the 30 AA deletion in the Nsp2-coding region. Inoculation experiments were conducted and weaker virulence of FZ16A than FZ06A was observed. Based on our results, a 30 AA deletion in the Nsp2-coding region is an unreliable genomic indicator of a high virulence PRRSV strain. The Nsp2 and GP5 differences, in addition to the virulence difference between these two highly pathogenic PRRSV strains, have the potential to be used to establish a basis for further study of PRRSV virulence determinants and to provide data useful in the development of vaccines against this economically devastating disease.
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Humeral intramedullary nail bending following trauma: a case report
Willems Siem A.,Greeven Alexander P. A. 대한외상학회 2023 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.36 No.1
The surgical approach for humeral implant failure can be challenging due to neurovascular anatomy and the possible necessity of osteosynthesis removal. We present a rare case of humeral nail bending after secondary trauma in a patient with preexistent nonunion of the humerus after intramedullary nailing. During revision surgery, the nail was sawed in half and the distal part was removed, followed by plate osteosynthesis with cable fixation to achieve absolute stability. The patient regained a full range of motion 1 year after surgery, and complete healing of the fracture was seen on imaging.
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( Kim Willems ),( Gilbert Swinnen ),( Wim Janssens ),( Malaika Brengman ) 한국마케팅과학회 2011 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.2 No.2
Over five decades ago, Martineau (1958, p. 47) introduced the notion of store personality (SP), which he defined as "the way in which the store is defined in the shopper`s mind, partly by its functional qualities and partly by an aura of psychological attributes". The strategic role of these symbolic, humanlike attributes that can be attributed to stores, has been empirically demonstrated, with respect to customer satisfaction and perceived retail differentiation (Chun & Davies, 2006), as well as with respect to store patronage and loyalty behavior (Sirgy & Samli, 1985; Zentes, Morschett, & Schramm-Klein, 2008). A potential and reasonable explanation of the power of associations with humanlike personality, can be found in the self-congruity theory. This theoretical framework argues that if retailers can position their stores in such a way that the store`s personality is congruent with that of target shoppers, they are likely to succeed in attracting and retaining these consumers (Bellenger, Steinberg, & Stanton, 1976; Zentes et al., 2008), which would in turn enhance profitability (Sirgy, Grewal, & Mangleburg, 2000). However, self-image congruity is still in its infancy in retailing research (Chebat, El Hedhli, & Sirgy, 2009; O``Cass & Grace, 2008; Sirgy et al., 2000), in comparison to the extensive corroborations of the theory across many product categories (Sirgy, 1982). The present study aims to fill this gap in the literature, focusing on fashion retailing in particular. As image and identity concepts are arguably more salient in fashion retailing than in any other sector (Cheng, Hines, & Grime, 2008; Zentes et al., 2008), store personality perceptions can be expected to be particularly relevant in this area of the retail industry. Compared to weekly grocery shopping, for instance, shopping for clothes is an opportunity for self-expression par excellence (Buttle, 1992; for an overview of the role of clothing, see Burns, 2010). We start by introducing "concept-scale interaction" effects in Section 1. This phenomenon implies that rather than applying general brand/store personality scales such as the ones that were developed by Aaker (1997) or d``Astous and Levesque (2003), it is advisable to adopt a contextual approach by developing a SP scale tailor-made for fashion retailing. In Section 2, we subsequently define the construct "fashion store personality" according to Rossiter`s (2002) C-OAR-SE procedure and Section 3 briefly discusses self-congruity theory and its applications in a retail context. Subsequently, a measurement instrument is developed for Fashion Store Personality (FSP) in Section 4. The scale construction procedure consists of three steps. First, repertory grid analysis is carried out in fifty-one individual interviews, in order to generate adjectives that people naturally use to describe the personality of fashion stores. Female participants dominate throughout this study as the interest in fashion is characteristic among women within this age range (Evans, 1993) and clothing for men is often bought by their female partner (Banister & Hogg, 2004). After a preliminary purification of the elicited item pool, a consumer survey (n=481) is carried out. By means of Principal Component Analysis with Varimax rotation five underlying FSP dimensions are identified in the resulting dataset: "chaos", "innovativeness", "sophistication", "agreeable- ness", and "conspicuousness". The psychometric properties of this measurement instrument are checked and the scale`s reliability, stability and validity meet the common standards. Subsequently, based on this operationalization, the role of self-congruity in the context of fashion retailing is explored in Section 5. First, the extent to which consumers shop in fashion stores with a personality that they perceive to be similar to their own, is studied (Section 5.1). An inspection of the correlations between the consumer`s self-image and her perceptions of FSP of her most patronized fashion store supports the idea of SC theory in fashion retailing. Furthermore, a multidimensional scaling (MDS) visually identifies, in a multidimensional space, which types of consumer personality do or do not cluster with certain types of fashion store personality. Overall, the findings indicate that (1) agreeable consumers seem to patronize agreeable fashion stores, (2) open-minded and extraverted consumers correspond to innovative fashion stores, (3) sophisticated and little chaotic stores match best with conscientious consumers, and (4) neuroticism in a consumer is found to be associated with conspicuousness and chaos in a fashion store. Finally, the relative importance of the five FSP dimensions in explaining fashion store choice is assessed using a stepwise multiple discriminant analysis (Section 5.2). Overall, the results indicate that it is worthwhile to take FSP into consideration when explaining consumers store choices. In particular, chaos and sophistication are the two FSP dimensions that consumers mind most when choosing a fashion store to patronize. As self-image congruence seems to have an impact on consumers` store choice, the findings of the present study highlight the role of FSP in retailing positioning strategies. In order for retailers to exhibit a personality that matches the one of their target group, a wide variety of tools can be used (Brengman & Willems, 2009, on determinants of fashion store personality). Further research could provide additional support for this scale`s superiority over general brand/personality scales. Moreover, a cross-cultural validation as well as a study of the scale`s use among male consumers would be valuable.
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Kim Willems,Malaika Brengman 한국마케팅과학회 2019 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.10 No.3
The authors are grateful to the Journal of Global Fashion Marketing for awarding this “JGFM Achievement Certificate for High Scholarly Impact” to their 2011 “Fashion Store Personality” article. The present paper first provides a retrospective review that examines how subsequent research extended the 2011 findings. In particular, the retrospect focuses on the one hand on advancements on brand personality conceptualization and measurement. On the other hand, the review sheds light on how knowledge on self-congruity theory has increased over the past years. After looking back, this paper provides a comprehensive outlook suggesting specific directions for further research, both with respect to brand personality measurement from a methodological point-of -view, as well as concerning the advancement of brand personality and self-congruity theory building and further conceptualization.
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Risk factors for orthodontic fixed retention failure: A retrospective controlled study
Verschueren Kaat,Rajbhoj Amit Arvind,Begnoni Giacomo,Willems Guy,Verdonck Anna,Cadenas de Llano-Pérula Maria 대한치과교정학회 2023 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.53 No.6
Objective: To investigate the potential correlation between fixed orthodontic retention failure and several patient- and treatment-related factors. Methods: Patients finishing treatment with fixed appliances between 2016 and 2017 were retrospectively included in this study. Those not showing fixed retention failure were considered as control group. Patients with fixed retention failure were considered as the experimental group. Additionally, patients with failure of fixed retainers in the period of June 2019 to March 2021 were prospectively identified and included in the experimental group. The location of the first retention failure, sex, pretreatment dental occlusion, facial characteristics, posttreatment dental occlusion, treatment approach and presence of oral habits were compared between groups before and after treatment separately by using a Fisher exact test and a Mann–Whitney U test. Results: 206 patients with fixed retention failure were included, 169 in the mandibular and 74 in the maxillary jaws. Significant correlations were observed between retention failure in the mandibular jaws and mandibular arch length discrepancy (P = 0.010), post-treatment growth pattern (P = 0.041), nail biting (P < 0.001) and abnormal tongue function (P = 0.002). Retention failure in the maxillary jaws was more frequent in patients with IPR in the mandibular jaws (P = 0.005) and abnormal tongue function (P = 0.021). Conclusions: This study suggests a correlation between fixed retention failure and parafunctional habits, such as nail biting and abnormal tongue function. Prospective studies with larger study populations could further confirm these results.
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