췌장암에서 Cyclooxygenase - 2 발현의 역할

김은경,이용욱,이규택,최규완,박동일,백승운,이준행,이종균,고광철,이풍렬,이종철,김재준,김완선,공구 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Background/Aims: Accumulating evidence suggests that the use of NSAID may reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. The likely mechanisms of these effects by NSAID is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-related inhibition of tumor proliferation and induction of apoptosis. The aim of our study was to examine possible roles and clinical significance of COX-2 expression in pancreatic cancer. Methods: Seventy-two pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue specimens were obtained from surgical resection. After the immunohistochemical staining of the specimens, we examined proliferation activity (assayed by Ki-67 expression), apoptosis (by TUNEL stain), and microvessel density (by CD34 expression). We also investigated the relationship between the immunohistochemical expression of COX-2 and various clinicopathological characteristics. Results: The COX-2 positive rate in pancreatic epithelial cells was 41.7%. Proliferation index (PI) was significant higher in COX-2 positive specimens comparing to negative specimen (p=0.015) and the increase in intensity of COX-2 expression correlated with increasing PI (p=0.036). Apoptotic index (AI) was significantly higher in positivee COX-2 expression than in negative expression (p=0.044), but there was no significant difference in AI/PI between the COX-2 positive and negative specimens (p=0.44). The expression of COX-2 protein did not correlate with microvessel density, sex, age, differentiation, tumor size, stage, metastasis or patients survival. Conclusions: The expression of COX-2 enzyme in pancreatic cancer contributes to tumor proliferation, but is not related to apoptosis, angiogenesis or clinical characteristics. Further study is needed to examine the clinical usefulness of NSAID and COX-2 selective inhibitors.

A Slope One and Clustering based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

An Gong,Yun Gao,Zhen Gao,Wenjuan Gong,Huayu Li,Hongfu Gao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.4

Effects of PASS Theory on Aged Chinese EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension Ability

Yipu Gong(Yipu Gong),Jongbok Lee(Jongbok Lee) 한국영어어문교육학회 2023 영어어문교육 Vol.29 No.1

This study investigates the English learning conditions of aged Chinese EFL learners including their reading comprehension ability through a cognitive approach-PASS theory. A quantitative-dominated research method is adopted in the study. After a 15- week semester, a significant distinction in both posttest (reading comprehension score, t = 3.39, p = .000) and retention test (reading comprehension scores, t = 4.62, p = .000) indicates that the cognitive teaching approach through PASS model outperforms the traditional teaching approach. As another independent variable, the quantity of Chinese characters used in English learning only sees a significant difference for the population according to reading comprehension scores in the posttest results (posttest, F = 4.56, p = .038 & retention test, F = 1.04, p =. 312). Besides, during the retention test, the Chinese characters quantity factor showed significant effect only on the experiment group’s English reading comprehension results. Through this study, an effective cognitive pedagogy for EFL aged learners has been claimed to public. Admittedly, there is still limitation. The investigation of corresponding details of the dynamic changes of the aged EFL learners’ cognitive process is insufficient. This limitation can be lifted up in future studies and transformed into further academic extension as well.

Sensitivity of surface characteristics on the simulation of wind-blown-dust source in North America

Park, S.H.,Gong, S.L.,Gong, W.,Makar, P.A.,Moran, M.D.,Stroud, C.A.,Zhang, J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2009 Atmospheric environment Vol.43 No.19

Recently, a wind-blown-dust-emission module has been built based on a state-of-the-art wind erosion theory and evaluated in a regional air-quality model to simulate a North American dust storm episode in April 2001 (see Park, S.H., Gong, S.L., Zhao, T.L., Vet, R.J., Bouchet, V.S., Gong, W., Makar, P.A., Moran, M.D., Stroud, C., Zhang, J. 2007. Simulation of entrainment and transport of dust particles within North America in April 2001 (''Red Dust episode''). J. Geophys. Res. 112, D20209, doi:10.1029/2007JD008443). A satisfactorily detailed assessment of that module, however, was not possible because of a lack of information on some module inputs, especially soil moisture content. In this paper, the wind-blown-dust emission was evaluated for two additional dust storms using improved soil moisture inputs. The surface characteristics of the wind-blown-dust source areas in southwestern North America were also investigated, focusing on their implications for wind-blown-dust emissions. The improved soil moisture inputs enabled the sensitivity of other important surface characteristics, the soil grain size distribution and the land-cover, to dust emission to be investigated with more confidence. Simulations of the two 2003 dust storm episodes suggested that wind-blown-dust emissions from the desert areas in southwestern North America are dominated by emissions from dry playas covered with accumulated alluvial deposits whose particle size is much smaller than usual desert sands. As well, the source areas in the northwestern Texas region were indicated to be not desert but rather agricultural lands that were ''activated'' as a wind-blown-dust sources after harvest. This finding calls for revisions to the current wind-blown-dust-emission module, in which ''desert'' is designated to be the only land-cover category that can emit wind-blown dust.

Accumulation of Pax2 transactivation domain interaction protein (PTIP) at sites of DNA breaks via RNF8-dependent pathway is required for cell survival after DNA damage.

Gong, Zihua,Cho, Young-Wook,Kim, Ja-Eun,Ge, Kai,Chen, Junjie American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2009 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.284 No.11

<P>Genomic stability in eukaryotic cells is maintained by the coordination of multiple cellular events including cell cycle checkpoint, DNA repair, transcription, and apoptosis after DNA damage. Pax2 transactivation domain interaction protein (PTIP), a protein that contains six BRCT domains, has been implicated in DNA damage response. In this study we showed that recruitment of PTIP to damaged chromatin depends on DNA damage signaling proteins gammaH2AX.MDC1.RNF8, which in turn facilitates sustained localization of PA1 (PTIP-associated protein 1) to sites of DNA break. Similar to PTIP, depletion of PA1 increases cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the N-terminal PA1 binding domain and the C-terminal focus-localization domain of PTIP are critical for PTIP function in DNA damage repair. Interestingly, although PTIP and PA1 associate with MLL (mixed lineage leukemia) complexes and participate in transcriptional regulation, this function of PTIP.PA1 in DNA damage response is likely to be independent of the MLL complexes. Taken together, we propose that a subset of PTIP.PA1 complex is recruited to DNA damage sites via the RNF8-dependent pathway and is required for cell survival in response to DNA damage.</P>

Slicing-Based Resource Optimization in Multi-Access Edge Network Using Ensemble Learning Aided DDPG Algorithm

Gong, Yu,Wei, Yifei,Yu, Richard,Han, Zhu 한국통신학회 2023 Journal of communications and networks Vol.25 No.1

Recently, the technological development in edgecomputing and content caching can provide high-quality servicesfor users in the wireless communication networks. As a promisingtechnology, multi-access edge computing (MEC) can offload tasksto the nearby edge servers, which alleviates the pressure ofusers. However, various services and dynamic wireless channelconditions make effective resource allocation challenging. Inaddition, network slicing can create a logical virtual networkand allocate resources flexibly among multiple tenants. In thispaper, we construct an integrated architecture of communication,computing and caching to solve the joint optimization problem oftask scheduling and resource allocation. In order to coordinatenetwork functions and dynamically allocate limited resources,this paper adopts an improved deep reinforcement learning(DRL) method, which fully jointly considers the diversity of userrequest services and the dynamic wireless channel conditions toobtain the mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) maximalprofit function. Considering the slow convergence speed of theDRL algorithm, this paper combines DRL and ensemble learning. The simulation result shows that the resource allocation schemeinspired by DRL is significantly better than the other comparedstrategies. The output of the result of DRL algorithm combinedwith ensemble learning is faster and more cost-effective.

Distribution and Abundance of Flying Squid Caught by Korean Gill - nets in the North Pacific

Gong, Yeong,Kim, Yeong Seung,Kim, Soon Song,Hur, Young Hee 한국수산학회 1984 한국수산과학회지 Vol.17 No.6

The seasonal distribution and abudance of flying squid ommastrephes bartrami (LeSueur) in the North Pacific (Lat. 34˚-46˚N, Long. 141˚E-161˚W) were studied by means of the dorsal mantle length data, surface temperature data. and catch and effort data of the Korean drift gill net fishery (May 1983-January 1984). According to the monthly abundance indices and mantle length compositions, the fishing grounds are separated into two regions, one in the central North Pacific east of Long. 170˚E from May to July and the other in the northwestern Pacific west of Long. 160˚ E from August to January. Relatively higher catches and abundance indices for flying squid occurred from July to November with a peak in August and September. Flying squid with high density were found in the southern periphery of the subarctic boundary in the central North Pacific region from May to July and in the Transitional and Subarctic domain in the north-western Pacific region from August to December. In the length compositions of flying squid, dominaut modes were at 40 ㎝ in the central North Pacific from June to July and at 30 ㎝ in the northwestern Pacific from Septemer to December. Accordingly, it was recognized that the large sized flying squid moved to the central Pacific region earlier than the small sized group from June to July. The range of surface temperatures for commercial fishing of flying squid was 9-22℃. The water temperature for the best fishing ranged from 15-16℃ in May though July and from 13-19℃ in August through January. The migration models for flying squid were hypothesized based on the monthly distributions of abundance indices, monthly mantle length compositions by statistical block (Lat. 2˚×5˚Long.) and the hydrographic of the North Pacific,

Structuring and sampling complex conformation space: Weighted ensemble dynamics simulations.

Gong, Linchen,Zhou, Xin Published by the American Physical Society through 2009 Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and so Vol.80 No.2

<P>Based on multiple simulation trajectories, which started from dispersively selected initial conformations, the weighted ensemble dynamics method is designed to robustly and systematically explore the hierarchical structure of complex conformational space through the spectral analysis of the variance-covariance matrix of trajectory-mapped vectors. The nondegenerate ground state of the matrix directly predicts the ergodicity of simulation data. The ground state could be adopted as statistical weights of trajectories to correctly reconstruct the equilibrium properties, even though each trajectory only explores part of the conformational space. Otherwise, the degree of degeneracy simply gives the number of metastable states of the system under the time scale of individual trajectory. Manipulation on the eigenvectors leads to the classification of trajectories into nontransition ones within the states and transition ones between them. The transition states may also be predicted without a priori knowledge of the system. We demonstrate the application of the general method both to the system with a one-dimensional glassy potential and with the one of alanine dipeptide in explicit solvent.</P>

Protein-rich Extract of the Bagrid Catfish Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Improves Exercise Performance and Anti-fatigue

Gong-Hyeon Lee,Dicky Harwanto,Jae-Suk Choi,Mi-Ryung Kim,Deuk Hee Jin,Hyung-Joo Jin,Yong-Ki Hong 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2016 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.05

Optimal Opportunistic Scheduling and Adaptive Modulation Policies in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks with Network Coding

GONG, Seong-Lyong,KIM, Byung-Gook,LEE, Jang-Won The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2009 IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS - Vol.92 No.9

<P>In this paper, we study an opportunistic scheduling and adaptive modulation scheme for a wireless network with an XOR network coding scheme, which results in a cross-layer problem for MAC and physical layers. A similar problem was studied in [2] which considered an idealized system with the Shannon capacity. They showed that it may not be optimal for a relay node to encode all possible native packets and there exists the optimal subset of native packets that depends on the channel condition at the receiver node of each native packet. In this paper, we consider a more realistic model than that of [2] with a practical modulation scheme such as M-PSK. We show that the optimal policy is to encode native as many native packets as possible in the network coding group into a coded packet regardless of the channel condition at the receiver node for each native packet, which is a different conclusion from that of [2]. However, we show that adaptive modulation, in which the constellation size of a coded packet is adjusted based on the channel condition of each receiver node, provides a higher throughput than fixed modulation, in which its constellation size is always fixed regardless of the channel condition at each receiver node.</P>