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경기침체가 연령관리 정책에 미친 영향 : 스페인의 포드 사례
Lidia Villalba-van Dijk 한국노동연구원 2015 국제노동브리프 Vol.13 No.5
스페인 포드의 사례연구를 통해, 노동권과 인적자원 관리는 단체협약에 의해 합의되는 내용에 의해 결정된다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 단체협약은 기업별 협약의 경우 직장협의회와 사용자 간에, 업종별 협약의 경우에는 노조와 사용자단체 간에 5년 단위로 체결된다. 또한 포드의 단체협약과 같은 기업별 단체협약의 경우에는, 매년 임금인상을 포함한 모든 구체적 내용이 단체협약 조항으로 명시된다. 감원이 필요한 경우, 고령 근로자들이 가장 큰 영향을 받는 경우가 적지 않다. 자발적 퇴직과 같이 감원을 유도하는 인센티브는 고령층에게 더 매력적일 수 있다. 자발적 퇴직제도는 해당 기업에서 상당히 오랜 기간 근무한 정년에 근접한 근로자들에게 더 매력적인데, 이 제도에서는 연금의 수령이 시작되기 전에 소득원을 보장해 주고 있기 때문이다. 포드와 같은 대기업은 자체 단체협약을 두고 있다. 기업별로 합의된 내용은, 특수한 기업 상황에 상관 없이 특정 업종 내 모든 기업에 노동권이 적용되는 일반적인 업종별 단체협약보다 조직의 수요에 더욱 구체적으로 맞추어질 수 있다. 포드는 노동력을 관리하고 직원들의 전환 고용을 위해 부분퇴직모형을 적극 활용한다. 하지만 경제위기에 직면하여 포드는 고령 근로자들을 대상으로 조기퇴직과 강제 감원을 실시하였다. 포드의 경우, 노조는 강력한 영향력을 행사하고 있는 것으로 드러났으며, 고령 근로자의 강제 감원 관련 협상에 있어 높은 수준의 퇴직금 패키지를 확보할 수 있는 유리한 위치에 있었다.
Liz Bogado-Villalba,Héctor Nakayama Nakashima,Rosanna Britos,Julio Cesar Masaru Iehisa,María Eugenia Flores Giubi 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2
Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni is a widely grown species in various regions of the world, mainly due to its sweetening properties attributed to steviol glycosides. Despite the fact that Paraguay is the center of origin of S. rebaudiana , genetic characterization of local genotypes has not been studied. Considering that accumulation of steviol glycosides is a complex trait, molecular breeding could be an effective method for its improvement. Therefore, the identification of molecular markers associated with steviol glycoside accumulation is important. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic relationship among eight advanced lines of S. rebaudiana and two varieties selected from local germoplasm and quantify their steviol glycoside content. The stevioside and rebaudioside A content in methanolic extract was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the molecular characterization of the ten genotypes of S. rebaudiana was performed using SSR and ISSR markers. A wide range of variability was observed for the metabolites of interest under greenhouse conditions. The variety Eirete presented highest stevioside and rebausiode A content, followed by the variety Katupyry. One of the advanced line presented both metabolite content similar to that of Katupyry. Genotyping of these lines showed two main clusters. Cluster I contained the both varieties and advanced lines with higher stevioside and rebaudioside A content. Our results suggest that S. rebaudiana lines with genetic profi le similar to that of cluster I, determined mainly by genotype at the markers SUGMS 35 and ISSR 47, might present higher stevioside and rebaudioside A content.
Marquez-Rios, Enrique,Cota-Arriola, Octavio,Villalba-Villalba, Ana Gloria,Ezquerra-Brauer, Josafat Marina,Ocano-Higuera, Victor Manuel,Lopez-Corona, Betzabe Ebenhezer,Torres-Arreola, Wilfrido 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4
Chymotrypsin was purified from jumbo squid hepatopancreas (HP) with 2.4-fold and yield 1.9%, and characterized with a molecular weight of 31 kDa, as estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Chymotrypsin effect over collagen extracted from the mantle, fins and arms of the jumbo squid was evaluated. The enzyme exhibited the maximum activity at pH 7 and $65^{\circ}C$ using Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide (SAAPNA) as a substrate and it was identified using the specific inhibitors N-tosyl-L-phenylalaninechloromethyl ketone (TPCK) and phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), showing residual activities of 6% and 0%, respectively. Furthermore, high activity was observed in the pH range of 4.0 to 8.0. Purified enzyme showed a moderate in vitro activity using muscle collagen as a substrate. Although further research is needed, the results suggest that the enzyme has a potential application where acidic or slightly alkaline conditions are needed.
Enrique Marquez-Rios,Octavio Cota-Arriola,Ana Gloria Villalba-Villalba,Josafat Marina Ezquerra-Brauer,Victor Manuel Ocaño-Higuera,Betzabe Ebenhezer Lopez-Corona,Wilfrido Torres-Arreola 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4
Chymotrypsin was purified from jumbo squid hepatopancreas (HP) with 2.4-fold and yield1.9%, and characterized with a molecular weight of 31 kDa, as estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamidegel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Chymotrypsin effect over collagen extracted from themantle, fins and arms of the jumbo squid was evaluated. The enzyme exhibited the maximum activityat pH 7 and 65oC using Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide (SAAPNA) as a substrate and it was identifiedusing the specific inhibitors N-tosyl-L-phenylalaninechloromethyl ketone (TPCK) and phenyl methylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), showing residual activities of 6% and 0%, respectively. Furthermore, highactivity was observed in the pH range of 4.0 to 8.0. Purified enzyme showed a moderate in vitro activityusing muscle collagen as a substrate. Although further research is needed, the results suggest that theenzyme has a potential application where acidic or slightly alkaline conditions are needed.
Clinical significance of PIVKA-II levels after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma
Felipe ALCONCHEL,Francisco VILLALBA,Luis SAENZ,Maria Isabel SANCHEZ,David FERRERAS,Pedro CASCALES,Ricardo ROBLES,Francisco SANCHEZ-BUENO,Pablo RAMIREZ 한국간담췌외과학회 2022 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.26 No.-
Palmquist-Gomes P.,Ruiz-Villalba A.,Guadix J. A.,Romero J. P.,Bessiéres B.,MacGrogan D.,Conejo L.,Ortiz A.,Picazo B.,Houyel L.,Gómez-Cabrero D.,Meilhac S. M.,de la Pompa J. L.,Pérez-Pomares J. M. 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
Coronary Artery Fistulae (CAFs) are cardiac congenital anomalies consisting of an abnormal communication of a coronary artery with either a cardiac chamber or another cardiac vessel. In humans, these congenital anomalies can lead to complications such as myocardial hypertrophy, endocarditis, heart dilatation, and failure. Unfortunately, despite their clinical relevance, the aetiology of CAFs remains unknown. In this work, we have used two different species (mouse and avian embryos) to experimentally model CAFs morphogenesis. Both conditional Itga4 (alpha 4 integrin) epicardial deletion in mice and cryocauterisation of chick embryonic hearts disrupted epicardial development and ventricular wall growth, two essential events in coronary embryogenesis. Our results suggest that myocardial discontinuities in the embryonic ventricular wall promote the early contact of the endocardium with epicardial-derived coronary progenitors at the cardiac surface, leading to ventricular endocardial extrusion, precocious differentiation of coronary smooth muscle cells, and the formation of pouch-like aberrant coronary-like structures in direct connection with the ventricular lumen. The structure of these CAF-like anomalies was compared with histopathological data from a human CAF. Our results provide relevant information for the early diagnosis of these congenital anomalies and the molecular mechanisms that regulate their embryogenesis.
SHM by DOFS in civil engineering: a review
Rodriguez, Gerardo,Casas, Joan R.,Villalba, Sergi Techno-Press 2015 Structural monitoring and maintenance Vol.2 No.4
This paper provides an overview of the use of different Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor systems (DOFSs) to perform Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in the specific case of civil engineering structures. Nowadays, there are several methods available for extracting distributed measurements from optical fiber, and their use have to be according with the aims of the SHM performance. The continuous-in-space data is the common advantage of the different DOFSs over other conventional health monitoring systems and, depending on the particular characteristics of each DOFS, a global and/or local health structural evaluation is possible with different accuracy. Firstly, the fundamentals of different DOFSs and their principal advantages and disadvantages are presented. Then, laboratory and field tests using different DOFSs systems to measure strain in structural elements and civil structures are presented and discussed. Finally, based on the current applications, conclusions and future trends of DOFSs in SHM in civil structures are proposed.
Pares-Casanova, P.M.,Sinfreu, I.,Villalba, D. The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2013 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.53 No.1
A study was conducted to determine the interdependence among the conformation traits of 28 "Pallaresa" cows using principal component analysis. Originally 21 body linear measurements were obtained, from which eight traits are subsequently eliminated. From the principal components analysis, with raw varimax rotation of the transformation matrix, two principal components were extracted, which accounted for 65.8% of the total variance. The first principal component alone explained 51.6% of the variation, and tended to describe general size, while the second principal component had its loadings for back-sternal diameter. The two extracted principal components, which are traits related to dorsal heights and back-sternal diameter, could be considered in selection programs.